Sunwebb3308

ertrophic cardiomyopathy.

This study aimed at providing prevalence trend estimates of underweight among children and adolescents in Europe from 2000 to 2017.

MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus and CINAHL were searched from their inception up to March 2020. Moreover, searches were conducted on health institutions' websites to identify studies not published in scientific journals. Underweight was defined according to the body mass index (BMI) cut-offs proposed by the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) and the World Health Organization (WHO) definition criteria. The Mantel-Haenszel method was used to compute the pooled prevalence estimates whenever there was no evidence of heterogeneity; otherwise, the DerSimonian and Laird random-effects method was used. Subgroup analyses by sex, age range (2-13 and 14-18years old), study year (2000-2006 and 2007-2017), country and European region were conducted.

A total of 49 studies with data from 323,420 children and adolescents aged 2 to 18years, from 26 countries were included. From 2000 to 2017, according to the IOTF criteria, the prevalence of underweight showed an increasing trend in Eastern, Northern and Southern Europe, where the underweight prevalence ranged from 9.1 to 12.0%, from 4.1 to 6.8%, and from 5.8 to 6.7%, respectively. In Western Europe, the prevalence of underweight tended to decrease, from 14.0 to 11.8%. No significant differences were found by sex or age range.

The prevalence of underweight is considerable (overall, around 8-9%), particularly in Eastern Europe, and follows a slight upward trend during the past decade.

PROSPERO CRD42017056924.

PROSPERO CRD42017056924.

The goal of this study was to review the current application and status of three-dimensional printing for craniosynostosis surgery.

A literature review was performed using the PubMed/MEDLINE databases for studies published between 2010 and 2020. All studiesdemonstrating the utilization of three-dimensional printing for craniosynostosis surgery were included.

A total of 15 studies were ultimatelyselected. This includes studies demonstrating novel three-dimensional simulation and printing workflows, studies utilizing three-dimensional printing forsurgical simulation, as well as case reports describing prior experiences.

The incorporation of three-dimensional printing into the domain ofcraniosynostosis surgery has many potential benefits. This includes streamlining surgical planning, developing patient-specific template guides, enhancingresidency training, as well as aiding in patient counseling. However, the current state of the literature remains in the validation stage. Further study withlarger case series, direct comparisons with control groups, and prolonged follow-up times is necessary before more widespread implementation is justified.

The incorporation of three-dimensional printing into the domain of craniosynostosis surgery has many potential benefits. This includes streamlining surgical planning, developing patient-specific template guides, enhancing residency training, as well as aiding in patient counseling. However, the current state of the literature remains in the validation stage. Further study with larger case series, direct comparisons with control groups, and prolonged follow-up times is necessary before more widespread implementation is justified.Hydrocephalus, a complication of achondroplasia, requires treatment when it is symptomatic. Hydrocephalus associated with achondroplasia is often treated with ventriculoperitoneal shunting, and endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) is rarely performed in these patients. Here, we report the case of an 18-month-old boy with achondroplasia and progressive hydrocephalus who underwent ETV. He had a family history of achondroplasia and was diagnosed with achondroplasia at birth. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at the age of 1 month showed no hydrocephalus. At the age of 15 months, he was admitted to our hospital due to increased head circumference. He had developmental delays, and MRI showed hydrocephalus with ballooning of the third ventricle. The ETV success score was 80 points; therefore, we performed ETV. Postoperatively, the progression of head circumference increase was controlled. The ventricular size remained unchanged on MRI at 13 months after surgery. Recently, an association between non-communicating hydrocephalus and achondroplasia has been reported. Depending on age and imaging findings, ETV may be effective in some patients with achondroplasia with hydrocephalus.

Drug transporters are involved in the drug resistance of individuals with drug-resistant epilepsy by influencing the intracerebral transport of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). The expression of drug transporters is associated with microRNAs. We previously revealed that miR-23a-3p levels were elevated in the blood of patients with intractable epilepsy. Additionally, the influx drug transporter organic anion-transporting polypeptide 2 (Oatp2) is involved in the intracerebral transport of valproic acid (VPA), the most commonly used AED; repeated seizures lead to decreased expression of Oatp2. However, the role of miR-23a-3p in the expression of Oatp2 and in the development of drug resistance has not been established. Herein, we aimed to determine the potential role of miR-23a-3p in VPA-resistant epilepsy through in vivo and in vitro experiments.

Epilepsy was elicited after status epilepticus (SE) was induced by lithium-pilocarpine in adult Sprague-Dawley rats, followed by VPA treatment to select rats with VPA reed VPA uptake in BMECs by regulating Oatp2 expression.

miR-23a-3p is involved in VPA resistance in epilepsy by directly targeting the influx drug transporter Oatp2, indicating that miR-23a-3p could be a potential therapeutic target for intractable epilepsy.

miR-23a-3p is involved in VPA resistance in epilepsy by directly targeting the influx drug transporter Oatp2, indicating that miR-23a-3p could be a potential therapeutic target for intractable epilepsy.Fathers are known to impact breastfeeding outcomes. We aimed to explore paternal knowledge and attitude toward breastfeeding, and possible association with breastfeeding rates at discharge. In this cross-sectional study, we enrolled 200 fathers of healthy term neonates. At discharge, fathers were asked to rate their degree of agreement to 12 items on a 5-point Likert scale. A total score was obtained from their answers. Univariate binary logistic regression analysis was used to verify if the total score was predictive of exclusive breastfeeding at discharge. A multivariable logistic regression model was then used to adjust for possible confounders. ROC analysis was performed, and a Youden's total score cut-off value was determined to define total score's performance in predicting exclusive breastfeeding at discharge. Fathers showed a solid knowledge of maternal (87%) and neonatal (98%) benefits of breastfeeding, skin-to-skin (99.5%), rooming-in (79%), and responsive feeding (67.5%); conversely, only 51% knew nd attitude toward breastfeeding. see more • The association between a higher questionnaire total score and exclusive breastfeeding rates at discharge highlights the importance of including fathers in the promotion of breastfeeding, as part of the breastfeeding team.When deciding on antiarrhythmic drug (AAD) treatment, a thorough knowledge of the physiological adaptation processes that occur during pregnancy and their effect on metabolism and the efficacy of AAD is mandatory. Beyond the desired effects of AAD therapy, side effects can occur in pregnant women. link2 Furthermore, potential harm to fetal development-depending on gestational age-needs to be considered. A thorough evaluation of potential risks opposed to expected benefits for mother and fetus should be carried out before initiation of AAD treatment. Regular maternal echocardiography and fetal sonographic examination during pregnancy under AAD treatment are advisable. If possible, serum concentrations of AAD should be measured on a regular basis. Due to electrolyte and volume imbalances after delivery, maternal monitoring is recommended for approximately 48 h under AAD therapy. Current guidelines are based on almost historic analyses, where AAD were often prescribed for other indications than rhythm disorders. In clinical practice, AAD predominantly used during pregnancy are intravenous adenosine for acute treatment of atrioventricular nodal dependent tachycardias, whereas betablockers, sotalol, and flecainide can be orally administered for long-term therapy.

Pulmonary function testing (PFT) in patients with tracheostomies has been perceived as difficult to perform and clinically unreliable. We studied the feasibility, quality, repeatability and clinical significance of PFT.

Patients with tracheostomies that underwent PFT from January 1, 2010 to February 29, 2012 were identified. Clinical history and PFT data were reviewed retrospectively.

Fifty patients (88% men) were identified. Forty-seven (94%) patients were able to perform PFT. Acceptable repeatability was obtained for FVC in 39 (83%) and for FEV1 in 41 (87%). Patients with tracheostomies showed difficulty in meeting ATS end-of-test criteria; only 9 (19%) met plateau criteria and 25 (53%) had exhalation times of greater than 6s. Obstructive pattern was observed in 30 (64%) and restrictive pattern in 9 (19%). link3 DLCO measurements were attempted in 43 patients and satisfactorily obtained in 34 (79%).

PFT can be performed with reliability in patients with tracheostomies, and they are useful for detecting and classifying types of lung dysfunction.

PFT can be performed with reliability in patients with tracheostomies, and they are useful for detecting and classifying types of lung dysfunction.

To describe overall survival (OS) in 90 days and to evaluate the prognostic factors in patients with advanced cancer and COVID-19.

This is a retrospective cohort study carried out at the Palliative Care Unit of the Brazilian National Cancer Institute. Patients with advanced cancer and COVID-19 confirmed by Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction were included. Kaplan-Meier's curves, log-rank test, and Cox regression were performed.

Eighty-three inpatients were selected. The average age was 61.4 (±12.6) years, with a higher proportion of women (73.4%). The most prevalent tumor type was breast (36.7%), followed by gastrointestinal tract (20.3%). The OS was 32 [interquartile range (IQR) 6-70] days, and at the end of the follow-up period, 17 patients (20.5%) were alive and 66 (79.5%) had died. Patients with advanced cancer and COVID-19 and who were 60-74 years old [hazard ratio (HR) 2.03; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.09-3.78], with lung tumors (HR 17.50; 95% CI 1.70-28.34), with lung metastasis (HR 4.21; 95% CI 2.17-8.15), and with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (HR 4.92; 95% CI 1.01-24.69) had higher risk of death in 90 days.

The age of 60-74 years old, lung tumors (primary or metastases), and the presence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were considered independent prognostic factors in patients with advanced cancer and COVID-19.

The age of 60-74 years old, lung tumors (primary or metastases), and the presence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were considered independent prognostic factors in patients with advanced cancer and COVID-19.