Kahnwilliford5161
Peritoneal dialysis (PD)-associated peritonitis is a significant PD-related complication. We describe the likelihood of cure after a peritonitis episode, exploring its association with various patient, peritonitis, and treatment characteristics.
Observational prospective cohort study.
1,631 peritonitis episodes (1,190 patients, 126 facilities) in Australia, New Zealand, Canada, Japan, Thailand, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
Patient characteristics (demographics, patient history, laboratory values), peritonitis characteristics (organism category, concomitant exit-site infection), dialysis center characteristics (use of icodextrin and low glucose degradation product solutions, policies regarding antibiotic self-administration), and peritonitis treatment characteristics (antibiotic used).
Cure, defined as absence of death, transfer to hemodialysis (HD), PD catheter removal, relapse, or recurrent peritonitis within 50 days of a peritonitis episode.
Mixed-effects logistic models.
Overallg and confounding by indication limit inferences. Use of facility-level treatment variables may not capture patient-level treatments.
Outcomes after peritonitis vary by patient characteristics, peritonitis characteristics, and modifiable peritonitis treatment practices. Differences in the odds of cure across infecting organisms and antibiotic regimens suggest that organism-specific treatment considerations warrant further investigation.
Outcomes after peritonitis vary by patient characteristics, peritonitis characteristics, and modifiable peritonitis treatment practices. Differences in the odds of cure across infecting organisms and antibiotic regimens suggest that organism-specific treatment considerations warrant further investigation.
Although greater dietary intake of protein has been associated with beneficial health effects among patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis (MHD), the effects of plant protein intake are less certain. We studied the association of the proportion of protein intake derived from plant sources with the risk of mortality among patients receiving MHD and explored factors that may modify these associations.
Prospective observational cohort study.
1,119 Chinese hemodialysis patients aged over 18 years receiving MHD in 2014-2015.
The proportion of plant protein intake to total protein intake.
All-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality.
Segmented regression models were fit to examine the association of plant protein intake proportion with the risk of all-cause mortality and CVD mortality. Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional and cause-specific hazards models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HR) and 95% CI for these outcomes.
The means of plant protein intake normalized tIf confirmed, these findings suggest a potential avenue to improve outcomes in this patient population.
There was a U-shaped association between plant protein intake proportion and the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in MHD patients. If confirmed, these findings suggest a potential avenue to improve outcomes in this patient population.
Evaluating repeated measures of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urinary protein-creatinine ratio (UPCR) over time may enhance our ability to understand the association between changes in kidney parameters and cardiovascular disease risk.
Prospective cohort study.
Annual visit data from 2,438 participants in the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC).
Average and slope of eGFR and UPCR in time-updated, 1-year exposure windows.
Incident heart failure, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease events, death, and a composite of incident heart failure, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease events, and death.
A landmark analysis, a dynamic approach to survival modeling that leverages longitudinal, iterative profiles of laboratory and clinical information to assess the time-updated 3-year risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes.
Adjusting for baseline and time-updated covariates, every standard deviation lower mean eGFR (19mL/min/1.73m
) and declining slope of eGFR (8mL/min/1.73m
pear risk incremental to level of kidney function, representing possible opportunities for more effective management of patients with chronic kidney disease.
Using the landmark approach to account for time-updated patterns of kidney function, average and slope of eGFR and proteinuria were independently associated with 3-year cardiovascular risk. Short-term changes in kidney function provide information about cardiovascular risk incremental to level of kidney function, representing possible opportunities for more effective management of patients with chronic kidney disease.
Codiaeum variegatum also called miracle shrub, is a plant species constituted of more than 300 cultivars which are mostly used as indoor plants for decoration. However, some of these varieties are used by indigenous populations for the treatment of diarrhoea, stomach ache, external wounds, intestinal worms and ulcers.
This study describes an overview of the botanical diversity, medicinal uses, phytochemical composition of C. variegatum. Then it critically discusses its pharmacological activities versus toxic potential and new perspectives are suggested for the development of its plant-based products.
A bibliographic assessment of publications on C. variegatum indexed in Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Springer Link, and Web of Science online databases was conducted from 1970 to 2020, and 89 relevant articles related to the botanical diversity (17), traditional uses (22), phytochemical analysis (11), pharmacological activity (31) and toxicity profile (18) of C. variegatum were selected foacy and safety, the Mollucanum variety is most likely suitable for the development of a medicine against amoebiasis, which will surely lay the foundation for clinical studies.
Galla chinensis (GC), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has a wide range of pharmacological properties which have been widely used for more than 1400 years. Based on shape, GC is divided into two groups jiaobei and dubei. It is a bitter, sour, cold and astringent substance which is usually used for treating diarrhea, constipation, bleeding, cough, vomiting, sweating, hemorrhoids, and anal and uterine prolapse. It is distributed in Japan, North Korea, and all parts of China.
This study was aimed at carrying out a comprehensive overview of the current status of research on Galla chinensis (GC) for better understanding of it characteristics, while providing a clear direction for future studies. learn more It has aroused the interest of researchers, leading to development of medicinal value, expansion of its application, and provision of wider and more effective drug choices. This study was focused on the traditional uses, botany, chemical composition, pharmacology and toxicology of GC. Finally, the study focused onogical activity of GC and its components, mechanism of action, toxicity, pharmacokinetics and target organs need to be further studied. Quality control and quality assurance programs for GC need to be further developed. There is need to study the dynamics associated with the accumulation of chemical compounds in GC as well as the original plants and aphid that form GC.
GC is an important TCM which has potential benefit in the treatment of a variety of diseases. However, the relationship amongst the structure and biological activity of GC and its components, mechanism of action, toxicity, pharmacokinetics and target organs need to be further studied. Quality control and quality assurance programs for GC need to be further developed. There is need to study the dynamics associated with the accumulation of chemical compounds in GC as well as the original plants and aphid that form GC.
Plants are used for health and medical functions since ancient times. Plants and their extracts are also well-known phytobiotics or phytogenics that are widely used in animal traditional and alternative medicine. In recent years the use of herbal/plant medicine is increased in livestock production due to the side effects of modern drugs, the high input costs, toxic residues in food, microbial resistance and due to the development of organic livestock production systems. Plants are used as health promoters and also for the treatment of diseases.
This review aims to provide information on various plants used in animal health care, production and reproduction in various forms.
We carefully searched the scientific literature for data related to traditional scientific use of herbal products in animal production. This review summarized published literature collected from library, the online databases, and various scientific search engines including PubMed, Elsevier, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Scopus, andaids and have a significant role in health system all over the world for both humans and animals.
"Mutong" ( in Chinese, and generally known as Akebiae Caulis), which refers to a group of herbal medicines with different biological origins along history, has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for over 2000 years; it is still being frequently used in medicine. In recent decades, Akebiae Caulis has been reported to exhibit apparent toxicity.
To clarify the plant species used as Akebiae Caulis and its synonyms, and to summarize their phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology.
Academic search engines (Google Scholar, Baidu Scholar, CNKI, Science Direct, Springer Link, SciFinder, PubMed, Web of Science, and EBSCO), ancient Chinese herbals, and modern medical monographs were used to obtain phytochemical, pharmacological, toxicological, and quality control information. Furthermore, a field survey was conducted to clarify the associated species.
Akebiae Caulis is derived from eight species belonging to two families. In the 2005 Pharmacopoeia of The People's Republic of China, it has been separateebiae Caulis such as this one would provide solid references for its safe use, as well as drug discovery studies in the future.
Clarifying the biological origin of traditional herbal medicines is critical for their safe and effective use. The present review revealed that the biological origin of Akebiae Caulis is diverse. The traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of Akebiae Caulis indicate that it is a useful medical resource. The diversity of its biological and pharmacological activities is associated with the presence of a large number of chemical substances, among which terpenoids are predominant. Systematic reviews on Akebiae Caulis such as this one would provide solid references for its safe use, as well as drug discovery studies in the future.
Anemarrhena asphodeloides is the dry rhizome of Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bge. Anemarrhena Saponins isolated from Anemarrhena asphodeloides are one of the pharmacologically active components of this plant and have blood lipid reduction and blood glucose reduction properties. These facts suggest that these saponins might be helpful in the treatment of insulin resistance.
To determine the therapeutic effect of anemarrhena saponins on insulin resistance and the probable underlying mechanism.
Insulin-resistant rats were used as the experimental subject, to observe the therapeutic effect of anemarrhena saponins. The blood glucose and blood lipid parameters were determined using the relevant kits. We used hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining to observe the protective effect of anemarrhena saponins on the livers of insulin-resistant rats and reverser transcripition polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to analyze the mRNA expressions patterns of genes related to glucose metabolism and inflammatory factors. The toxicity of anemarrhena saponins to HepG2 cells was calculated using the MTT assay.
