Bridgesgreer4071

Ion beam sputtering, known as potential technique for producing nanoripple on various surfaces having wide range of applications. Along with nanoripple, triangular features are also superimposed, limiting their use for some potential applications. Here we are reporting evolution of triangular features on Ge (100) surfaces under low energy (300-1000 eV) Xe ion irradiation at room temperature for angles of incidence (61°-80°) and ion fluences of (5.34 × 1017-8.01 × 1018ions cm-2). Triangular features appear with the onset of ripple formation and disappear when the ripple periodicity is lost. These features formation depend not only on material but also depend on the ratio of the ion/target mass. In comparison with numerical simulations based on modified anisotropic Kuramoto-Sivanshinsky equation, we find good agreement for the evolution of base angle and lateral length for the triangular features with ion incidence angle. The dynamics of triangular feature with ion incidence angle and ion fluence have been reported. Ion-incidence angle dependency is adequately replicated in numerical simulations. Experimentally the base angle and lateral length increases with increase in ion incidence angle, similar trend is observed in numerical simulation.Alternating current electroluminescent (AC-EL) device can be considered as a potential candidate for next generation of multifunctional light-emitting sources. In this work, we present a new design of AC-EL device with inclusion of a silver oxide humidity-sensing layer instead of an insulating buffer layer for humidity detection. The ZnSCu, Cl and ZnSAg+(Zn,Cd)SAg phosphors were used as an emissive layer prepared by screen printing method. The silver oxide (AgO/Ag2O) nanoparticles synthesized via a green method were employed as a humidity sensing layer. The developed AC-EL devices exhibited high response, good productivity, high stability, high repeatability and linear relationship with humidity in range of 10%-90% RH as well as no significant effects with several VOCs/gases such as NH3, CO2, acetone, methanol, toluene and propan at room temperature. The effects of parameters such as excitation frequency, applied voltage, and waveforms on the luminance intensity are discussed. The development of the present AC-EL device offers a simplified architecture to enable sensing functions of the AC-EL device via monitoring of light emission changing.We propose an anti-scratch flexible surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrate with arrayed nanocavity microstructures fabricated by colloidal lithography. The nanocavity microstructure of the substrate can well protect the inner gold nanoparticles during wipe sampling. The prepared flexible substrate was able to detect 4-aminothiophenol (4-ATP) with a concentration down to 1 fM. Furthermore, the substrate was used to detect 6-BA residues on the surface of apples and bean sprouts through wipe sampling, which shows great potential in the field of rapid on-site detection, especially in the detection of pesticide residues on the surface of fruits and vegetables.Although the positive effects of resilience at work are well documented, the mechanisms that explain the translation of trait resilience into resilient behavior at work remain unclear. Drawing on person-environment fit theory in conjunction with trait-activation theory and utilizing two-wave data of Dutch employees, we investigated whether and which learning-supportive environment (i.e., a perception of learning climate) mediates the effects of trait resilience as a personal characteristic on behavioral resilience at work. Our results indicate that an appreciation learning climate as well as a facilitating learning climate mediate the relationship between trait resilience and resilient behavior at work. Taken together, this study suggests that managers should be cautious encouraging perceptions of error avoidance within their organizations.Gamification, which refers to the use of game design elements in non-game contexts, provides similar experiences and motivations as games do; this makes gamification a useful approach to promote positive behaviors. As a useful tool for keeping users motivated, engaged and active, there is a wide interest in adopting gamification solutions for supporting and promoting positive behaviors and behavior change (e.g. quit smoking, ecological behaviors, food choices, civic engagement, mental healthcare, sustainability, etc.). In this study, we use the CiteSpace software to examine 984 publications and their 46,609 unique references on gamification applied for behavior change. The corpus of studies was downloaded from the Scopus database and refers to studies published between 2011 and the beginning of 2022. Several methods were used to analyze these data (1) document co-citation analysis (DCA) was performed to identify the pivotal researches and the research areas; (2) author cocitation analysis (ACA) was performed to identify the main authors; (3) and keyword analysis was performed to detect the most influential keywords and their change over time. The results of the analysis provide an overview of the influential documents, authors and keywords that have given shape to the literature of the field, and how it has evolved, showing an initial interest in motivational and persuasion techniques, and in the gamification design, and subsequently in the development of more rigorous methodologies for both design and use. As the first scientometric review of gamification applied to behavior change, this study will be of interest to junior and senior researchers, graduate students, and professors seeking to identify research trends, topics, major publications, and influential scholars.In this work, the design of equilibrium modified atmosphere packaging (EMAP) was achieved by adjusting gas permeability using gas barrier (GB) - gas conductor (GC) blending material. Sulfonated poly ether ether ketone (SPEEK) was used as promoter for gas permeation, i.e. GC, and introduced into poly ether sulfone (PES) as GB. As the results, the introduction of SPEEK cannot only enhance the gas permeability of the blending material, but also modify the physic and chemical properties. When the blending material used as EMAP for peppers, significant effects were exhibited on inhibiting the variations in sensory, color, texture, and chemical properties of the preserved peppers, especially when the samples preserved in packaging consisted of 60 % SPEEK and 40 % PES, in which suitable atmosphere with 5.18 % v/v CO2 and 3.16 % v/v O2 was maintained. The overall findings revealed the feasibility of GB - GC theory for EMAP design.Although measles was eliminated in the United States in 2000, a severe outbreak occurred between October 2018 and September 2019. New York was especially hard hit. Serology played an integral role in determining immune status (IgG) and identifying, along with molecular analyses, acute measles infections (IgM). Although an indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) was historically used by the New York State Department of Health for measles IgM detection, a higher throughput assay was needed to address the increased specimen numbers. Four commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were evaluated for sensitivity and specificity in detecting measles IgM. Two ELISA formats were compared, indirect ELISA and IgM antibody capture. Both formats had comparable specificity as determined by cross-reactivity to non-measles specimens. Overall, the sensitivity of the capture ELISAs was greater than the indirect ELISAs and comparable to the indirect immunofluorescence assay with benefits regarding capacity, cost, and turnaround time.

Although the PSI and CURB-65 represent well-validated prediction rules for pneumonia prognosis, PSI was designed to identify patients at low risk and CURB- 65 patients at high risk of mortality. We compared the prognostic performance of a modified version of the PSI designed to identify high-risk patients (i.e., PSI-HR) to CURB-65 in predicting short-term mortality.

Using data from 6 pneumonia cohorts, we designed PSI-HR as a 6-class prediction rule using the original prognostic weights of all PSI variables and modifying the risk score thresholds to define risk classes. We calculated the proportion of low-risk and high-risk patients using CURB-65 and PSI-HR and 30-day mortality in these subgroups. We compared the rules' sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values for mortality at all risk class thresholds and assessed discriminatory power using areas under their receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROCs).

Among 13,874 patients with pneumonia, 1,036 (7.5%) died. For PSI-HR versus CURB-65, aggregate mortality was lower in low-risk patients (1.6% vs. 2.2%, p=0.005) and higher in high-risk patients (36.5% vs. 32.2%, p=0.27). PSI-HR had higher sensitivities than CURB-65 at all thresholds; PSI-HR also had higher specificities at the 3 lowest thresholds and specificities within 0.5% points of CURB-65 at the 2 highest thresholds. The AUROC was larger for PSI-HR than CURB- 65 (0.82 vs. 0.77, p<0.0001).

PSI-HR demonstrated superior prognostic accuracy to CURB-65 at the lower end of the severity spectrum and identified high-risk patients with nonsignificant higher short-term mortality at the higher end.

PSI-HR demonstrated superior prognostic accuracy to CURB-65 at the lower end of the severity spectrum and identified high-risk patients with nonsignificant higher short-term mortality at the higher end.

The study objective was to estimate the relationship between objective response and survival-based endpoints by drug class, in first-line advanced non-small cell lung cancer (aNSCLC).

A systematic literature review identified randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of first-line aNSCLC therapies reporting overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and/or objective response rate (ORR). Trial-level and arm-level linear regression models were fit, accounting for inclusion of immunotherapy (IO)-based or chemotherapy-only RCT arms. Weighted least squares-based R

were calculated along with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). For the main trial-level analysis of OS vs. ORR, the surrogate threshold effect was estimated. Exploratory analyses involved further stratification by IO monotherapy vs. chemotherapy, dual-IO therapy vs. chemotherapy, and IO+chemotherapy vs. chemotherapy.

From 17,040 records, 57 RCTs were included. In the main analysis, trial-level associations between OS and ORR were statisticallyepth of response in IO-based treatments.

The larger OS benefit per unit of ORR benefit in IO-based RCTs compared to chemotherapy-only RCTs provides an important addition to the established knowledge regarding the durability and depth of response in IO-based treatments.The transition to include in vitro-based data in chemical hazard assessment has resulted in the development and implementation of screening assays to cover a diversity of biological pathways, including recently added assays to interrogate chemical disruption of proteins relevant to thyroid signaling pathways. Iodotyrosine deiodinase (IYD), the iodide recycling enzyme, is one such thyroid-relevant endpoint for which a human-based screening assay has recently been developed and used to screen large libraries of chemicals. Presented here is the development of an amphibian IYD inhibition assay and its implementation to conduct a cross-species comparison between chemical inhibition of mammalian and non-mammalian IYD enzyme activity. The successful development of an amphibian IYD inhibition assay was based on demonstration of sufficient IYD enzyme activity in several tissues collected from larval Xenopus laevis. Tubastatin A With this new assay, 154 chemicals were tested in concentration-response to provide a basis for comparison of relative chemical potency to results obtained from the human IYD assay.