Noonancameron5772
Uveitis is the third leading cause of blindness worldwide. This study aimed to summarize the pattern of uveitis in Iran through a systematic review.
This review was conducted according to the guidelines for systematic reviews in the following four steps literature search, study selection and assessment, inclusion and exclusion criteria, and statistical analysis.
One hundred and fifteen articles were identified by an encyclopedic literature search, and three independent investigators examined them according to the defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Eventually, 109 manuscripts were retrieved and six cross-sectional studies covering 3,567 patients were included and reviewed. According to the results, the mean age of patients was 40 years, and sex was not a statistically significant predisposing factor. The most common anatomical pattern of involvement was anterior uveitis, and the prevalence of the other three types of uveitis, including middle, posterior, and pan-uveitis, were almost equal. Overall, the most common etiologies of uveitis in the Iranian population were idiopathic uveitis, toxoplasmosis, Behcet's syndrome, and Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis.
This study depicted the pattern of uveitis in the Iranian society; this can help physicians in the diagnostic approach, management, and treatment of patients.
This study depicted the pattern of uveitis in the Iranian society; this can help physicians in the diagnostic approach, management, and treatment of patients.Drug-induced uveitis is an uncommon but important cause of ocular inflammation. Uveitis can be seen in association with various systemic, topical, and intraocular medications. In this article, we review common medications associated with uveitis. Most cases of drug-induced uveitis resolve with termination of the suspected medication with or without administration of topical or systemic steroids. It is important for clinicians to readily identify medications that may cause uveitis in order to provide rapid treatment, avoid consequences of longstanding inflammation, and prevent costly and excessive laboratory testing.
To determine the appropriate number of histopathological cross-sections that are required for a conclusive diagnosis of giant cell arteritis (GCA).
In this cross-sectional study, the number of sections per slide for paraffin-embedded blocks for 100 randomly selected cases where GCA was suspected and those for negative temporal artery biopsies (TABs) were compared with the number of cross-sections per specimen for eight positive-TABs. All aforementioned examinations were conducted at our center from 2012 to 2016. Then, negative-TABs were retrieved and re-evaluated using light microscopy considering the histopathological findings of GCA.
Ninety-five paraffin blocks were retrieved. The original mean biopsy length was 15.39
±
7.56 mm. Comparison of the mean number of cross-sections per specimen for both the positive- and negative-TABs (9.25
±
3.37 and 9.53
±
2.46) showed that 9.87
±
2.77 [95% confidence intervals (CI)] cross-sections per specimen were sufficient for a precise GCA diagnosis. There was no statistically significant difference in the mean biopsy length (
= 0.142) among the eight positive-TABs. Similarly, no significant difference was observed in the number of cross-sections per specimen (
= 0.990) for positive-TABs compared to those for the negative-TABs. After the retrieval of negative-TABs, the mean number of total pre- and post-retrieval cross-sections per specimen was 17.66
±
4.43. Among all retrieved specimens, only one case (0.01%) showed the histopathological features of healed arteritis.
Positive-TABs did not reveal more histological cross-sections than the negative ones and increasing the number of cross-sections did not enhance the accuracy of TAB.
Positive-TABs did not reveal more histological cross-sections than the negative ones and increasing the number of cross-sections did not enhance the accuracy of TAB.
To present the anatomical and functional outcomes of autologous surgical transplantation of a free neurosensory retinal graft in three cases of recurrent and chronic full thickness macular hole (MH).
A retrospective case series, reporting the profile, preoperative presentation, surgical technique, and postoperative outcome of three consecutive eyes of three patients who had autologous retina transplantation (ART) surgery for recurrent and chronic MHs, and had a minimum of six months follow-up. The technique involved excision of a free neurosensory graft after laser demarcation of the harvest site. The graft was slid under perfluorocarbon liquid (PFCL) into the MH. A five-day tamponade with PFCL was used to secure the graft within the MH and then exchanged with air.
The patients were one female and two males aged 60, 44, and 67 years, respectively. All eyes had successful surgery. Postoperative vision improved from 6/36 to 6/18 in patient 1 and remained same as preoperative vision in the other two eyes. No eye lost vision postoperatively. The main complication of surgery was occurrence of retinal and vitreous hemorrhage in one eye (this did not appear to jeopardize the outcome) and retraction of graft tissue in two eyes.
ART appears to be a safe and effective treatment for difficult MHs. Our results are comparable to previous studies. Short-term use of PFCL can be useful to secure the graft within the MH. Methods of improving visual function should be the focus of further research in this promising area.
ART appears to be a safe and effective treatment for difficult MHs. Our results are comparable to previous studies. Short-term use of PFCL can be useful to secure the graft within the MH. Methods of improving visual function should be the focus of further research in this promising area.
Considering the significance of retinal disorders and the growing need to employ tissue engineering in this field,
studies can be used to establish a cost-effective method. This
study was performed to find the most effective growth factors contributing to retinal tissue engineering.
In this study, a regeneration gene database was used. All 21 protein-coding genes participating in retinal regeneration were considered as a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network via the "STRING App" in "Cytoscape 3.7.2" software. The resultant graph possessed 21 nodes as well as 37 edges. Gene ontology (GO) analysis, as well as the centrality analysis, revealed the most effective proteins in retinal regeneration.
According to the biological processes and the role of each protein in different pathways, selecting the correct one is possible through the information that the network provides. Eye development, detection of the visible light, visual perception, photoreceptor cell differentiation, camera-type eye development, eye morphogenesis, and angiogenesis are the major biological processes in retinal regeneration. Based on the GO analysis, SHH, STAT3, FGFR1, OPN4, ITGAV, RAX, and RPE65 are effective in retinal regeneration via the biological processes. In addition, based on the centrality analysis, four proteins have the greatest influence on retinal regeneration SHH, IGF1, STAT3, and ASCL1.
With the intention of applying the most impressive growth factors in retinal engineering, it seems logical to pay attention to SHH, STAT3, and RPE65. Utilizing these proteins can lead to fabricate high efficiency engineered retina via all aforementioned biological processes.
With the intention of applying the most impressive growth factors in retinal engineering, it seems logical to pay attention to SHH, STAT3, and RPE65. Utilizing these proteins can lead to fabricate high efficiency engineered retina via all aforementioned biological processes.
To assess the effect of patient baseline characteristics on the efficacy of ocriplasmin treatment for symptomatic vitreomacular adhesion (VMA) with full-thickness macular hole (FTMH) from phase 3/4 studies.
Patients with symptomatic VMA and FTMH at baseline and receiving ocriplasmin treatment 125
μ
g were pooled from the MIVI-TRUST, OASIS, and ORBIT studies. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate whether patient baseline characteristics were predictors of having VMA resolution by Day 28 and FTMH closure by Month 6.
Two hundred and seventy-four patients receiving ocriplasmin treatment were assessed. Overall, 22.6% (62/274) of the patients experienced both VMA resolution by Day 28 and non-surgical FTMH closure by Month 6. Patients with FTMH
≤
250 µm at baseline had a significantly higher success rate compared to those with FTMH
>
400 µm (29.9% [41/137] vs 2.2% [1/48];
= 0.009). In patients with VMA resolution by Day 28, both smesolution, showed statistically significant predictive power for both outcomes.
To assess the effects of oral vitamin D supplement therapy on clinical outcomes of intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) injections in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME).
Seventy-one patients with center-involving DME received IVB injections three times monthly. Cases with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels
<
30 ng/ml were divided into treatment and control groups. The treatment group received 50000 IU of oral vitamin D once a week for eight weeks. One month after the third IVB injection, changes in the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT) were analyzed for each group.
Thirty-seven patients had sufficient levels of 25 (OH) D, while 34 patients had insufficient levels. Nineteen cases with deficient levels of 25(OH)D were treated with oral vitamin D, while 15 patients were assigned to the control group. The mean of serum 25(OH)D in patients was 27.9 ng/ml [mean 20.3
±
5.4 and 17.3
±
5.4 ng/ml in control and treatment groups, respectively (
= 0.231)]. CADD522 After three IVB injections, BCVA improved significantly in each group, but the difference between the study groups was not statistically significant. CMT decreased significantly in all the groups. The mean CMT reduction was more prominent in the vitamin D-treated group, but the difference between groups did not reach statistical significance (
= 0.29).
In DME patients with vitamin D deficiency, vitamin D supplement therapy had some beneficial effects on CMT reduction following three injections of IVB; nevertheless, these effects were not statistically significant. Definite conclusion needs further prospective studies with a larger sample size.
In DME patients with vitamin D deficiency, vitamin D supplement therapy had some beneficial effects on CMT reduction following three injections of IVB; nevertheless, these effects were not statistically significant. Definite conclusion needs further prospective studies with a larger sample size.
To report the results of intravitreal injection of a bevacizumab biosimilar called StivantⓇ.
This prospective interventional case series was conducted on eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD), retinal vein occlusion (RVO), and diabetic macular edema (DME). StivantⓇ was injected in three consecutive months and changes in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT) were measured at baseline and monthly up to one month after the third injection.
Three hundred and eighty-five eyes with DME (234 eyes, 61%), nAMD (87 eyes, 22%), and macular edema secondary to RVO (64 eyes, 17%) were enrolled. The mean
±
standard deviation age of the patients was 61.7
±
7.20 years. The mean BCVA and CMT changed from 0.63
±
0.3 to 0.51
±
0.3 LogMAR (
= 0.12 ) and from 420.4
±
47.3μm at baseline to 316.7
±
50.6 μm (
<
0.001) in the DME group; from 0.79
±
0.
