Hughessandberg2340

By contrast, in the colloid of TC samples the presence of SP was lower than in normal samples. In comparison with TC samples, the presence of the NK-1R in the cytoplasm of follicular cells and colloid was lower in normal thyroid samples, whereas the expression of this receptor in the stroma was higher. The results reported in this study suggest that the NK-1R could be a new target for the treatment of TC and use of the NK-1R antagonists could serve as a new anti-TC therapeutic strategy.Sperm-associated antigen 11A (SPAG11A) is expressed exclusively in the epididymis, which can specifically regulate sperm maturation. The aim of this study was to investigate the seasonal expressions of beta-defensin (SPAG11A) and androgen receptor (AR) in the epididymis of the wild ground squirrels (Citellus dauricus Brandt). Morphologically, the results showed that epididymis length and weight in the breeding season were significantly higher than those of the non-breeding season. Histologically, the results revealed that enlarged lumen diameters, thickened epithelial and abundant sperm in the breeding season while reduced lumen diameters and epithelial with no sperm in the non-breeding season. SPAG11A was intensely expressed in cytoplasm and nucleus of epithelial cells in the breeding season, and weaker staining in the non-breeding season. The immunostaining of AR was only presented in nucleus of smooth muscle cells and epithelial cells in the whole epididymis with stronger staining in the breeding season. The results of real-time quantitative PCR also showed that the mRNA levels of SPAG11A and AR in the epididymis during the breeding season were significantly higher than those of the non-breeding season. In addition, the levels of testosterone (T), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) in the serum were higher during the breeding season. Taken together, these results suggested that SPAG11A might play an important role to regulate seasonal changes in epididymal function of the wild ground squirrels.AIM To investigate the initial perceptions that health and social care professionals have when caring for trans patients. METHOD This was a qualitative study that involved semi-structured interviews with five participants in one geographical area as a snapshot study. The research transcripts were analysed, and themes were identified and examined. FINDINGS The main themes identified from the interviews with participants were discrimination; lack of understanding of the trans body and gender identity; confusion around terminology; cultural perceptions and attitudes towards trans people; professionalism; the need for trans awareness training; and social recognition for trans staff members. CONCLUSION The findings of this study suggest there is a need to develop trans awareness training for staff working in areas of practice that are likely to provide care for trans people, such as acute care, emergency departments and mental health services. This could improve health outcomes for trans people and increase the likelihood of them accessing health and social care services in the future. © 2020 RCN Publishing Company Ltd. All rights reserved. Not to be copied, transmitted or recorded in any way, in whole or part, without prior permission of the publishers.BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is the biomarker for lung cancer in which the protein has the most active mutated genes in lung cancer patients. Peptides have pharmacological potential as drugs because of their bioactivity and accessibility. The research objective was to obtain peptide compounds drug candidates with good interaction and pharmacological properties that can act as an inhibitor for EGFR for lung cancer treatment by using in silico method. MATERIALS AND METHODS EGFR protein structure was obtained from Protein Data Bank and the peptide compounds were retrieved from PubChem. Optimization and energy minimization process were done to prepare the peptides for the simulation. Protein-Ligand Interaction Fingerprint (PLIF) was used to determine the pharmacophore features in the EGFR binding site. Both proteins and ligands underwent a virtual screening through rigid and flexible molecular docking simulation and the best ligands were subjected to a computational ADME-Tox properties prediction. RESULTS After screening through molecular docking simulation, nine best compounds were identified to have a good interaction with EGFR protein according to its binding energy and RMSD value. The compounds were identified to form hydrogen bond interactions with the macromolecule. CONCLUSION Two peptide compounds (PubChem ID 20832941 and 9805315) have been predicted as the best ligands with desired pharmacological properties for the inhibition of EGFR tyrosine kinase.BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The DPEase enzyme from Agrobacterium tumefaciens is more efficient and has a high activity in D-fructose. The dpe gene has been successfully cloned to Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) pET-21b dpe but the enzyme has not been purified and its character is unknown. The intent of this study was to purify and assign of DPEase enzyme by recombinant E. coli. MATERIALS AND METHODS The enzyme was clarified by affinity chromatography and then characterized by following pH, temperature, co-factor parameters. Analysis of molecular weight proteins was done by SDS-PAGE. RESULTS Through purification, the purified DPEase activity was increased 1,01 times than crude and with 84.2% of yield. The DPEase had an the maximum temperature is 40°C and pH was 8.5. The presence of Mg2+, Mo2+, Cu2+, Ca2+ and Zn2+ inhibited the activity of the enzyme while of Co2+, Mn2+, Fe2+, Ni2+ enhanced the activity. Estimation of molecular weight through SDS-PAGE revealed that weight of DPEase was 32 kDa. this website CONCLUSION Purified DPease enzymes shows clear bands that demonstrate successful purification using affinity chromatography. It is expected that after pure enzymes are obtained the character of the enzymes working will be maximized.BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Euphorbia species have historically been used as medicinal plants to treat different ailments. However, some species have been reported to exhibit various degrees of toxicity. It becomes critical to distinguish toxic species from those that are non-toxic, for a particular application. The aim of the study was to determine the method for fingerprinting the chemical constituents of the selected toxic and non-toxic Euphorbia species to identify markers of toxicity. MATERIAL AND METHODS Hexane, DCM, methanol, ethyl acetate and water plant extracts of Euphorbia ammak, clavarioides, caerulescens, polygona and trigona were investigated for their cytotoxic activities towards the mammalian Vero cell line using MTT cell viability test assay. The presence of secondary metabolites and proteins were assessed in the plant extracts. Moreover, the study used chromatographic methods to fingerprint the plant extracts to identify toxicity markers. RESULTS The DCM extract of E. ammak exhibited the highesBACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has improved the survival of HIV infected patients significantly. However, in some patients, survival is not guaranteed due to several factors that are either individual-based or cART based. This study presents an HIV, AIDS, Death (HAD) model to analyse the survival of patients on cART. MATERIALS AND METHODS Continuous-time Markov models are fitted based on the states occupied for an HIV, AIDS and Death (HAD) model. These states are based on CD4 cell count. Factors that affect the survival of HIV-infected patients on cART are also analyzed. These, among others, include age, gender, routinely collected viral load, time on treatment, non-adherence and peripheral neuropathy. RESULTS Patients with higher viral loads than expected are 11.1 times more likely to be at risk of HIV progression to the AIDS state and 1.1 times more likely to be at risk of mortality from a CD4 cell count state above 200 cell/mm3compared to patients with lower viral loads. Non-adherence to treatment increases the risk of transition from CD4 cell count state above 200 cell/mm3 to the AIDS state by 2.2 folds. Patients who were non-adherent to treatment are 3.8 times more likely to transit from the CD4 state above 200 cell/mm3 to death compared to patients who were adherent to treatment. Patients are expected to recover from the AIDS state after one year of treatment. CONCLUSIONS Recovery from AIDS state by HIV infected patients on cART is likely to occur after one year of cART treatment. However, if the viral load remains higher than expected, this increases risks of immune deterioration even after having achieved normal CD4 cell counts and consequently, mortality risks are increased.BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Spirulina is a rich source of nutrients viz., essential amino acids, essential fatty acids, carotenoids and vitamins. The study was carried out to evaluate of Spirulina maxima addition as source of nutrients, antioxidants and color on processed cheese properties. MATERIALS AND METHODS Processed cheese analogue treatments were supplemented with Spirulina maxima powder (1, 2 and 3%). The chemical, physical, color and sensorial properties of processed cheese analogue supplemented with S. maxima were evaluated through 3 months of cold storage (7°C). Also, the antioxidant capacity of S. maxima processed cheese analogue treatments was determined. RESULTS The spreadable processed cheese analogue with 3% S. maxima powder had higher chemical components except ash compared to control cheese. The results of physical properties showed that the penetrometer reading of the S. maxima processed cheese treatments was higher than those of control allover storage period, while oil separation and melt ability were lower. The S. maxima processed cheeses were more green (a-value) and lower whiter (L-value) than those of control. The highest free radical scavenging activity (57.24%) was recorded for S. maxima processed cheese analogue treatment (3%). From the sensorial results, the S. maxima processed cheese analogue (1 or 2%) treatments was higher acceptable compared to those of 3%. CONCLUSION Hence, adding S. maxima powder (1 or 2%) during processed cheese analogue manufacture let the cheese to develop special color (green), high nutritional value, antioxidant activity and sensorial scores.BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Inclusion of vitamin E in poultry diets and manipulation of temperature at early age has been known to help birds cope with heat stress at later age of their life. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of early age heat conditioning (EHC) and vitamin E addition on the performance and blood parameters to alleviate deleterious impact of heat stress in quail chicks. MATERIAL AND METHODS Three hundred one-day-old quail chicks were randomly divided into 4 groups of 5 replicates with 15 birds of each. Treatments were Control, vitamin E Chicks were fed the basal diet supplemented with 200 IU kg-1 diet vitamin E, EHC Chicks were exposed to 40±1°C for 2 h at days 7th and 13th of embryogenesis and EHC+vitamin E Chicks were exposed to 40±1°C for 2 h at days 7th and 13th of embryogenesis and fed the basal diet supplemented with 200 IU kg-1 vitamin E. The experiment lasted from 1-40 days of age. RESULTS The results indicated that using early age heat conditioning and/or supplementation of vitamin E significantly (p less then 0.