Songdrake5162

The synthesis and physical properties of the double perovskite (DP) compound Ba2CdReO6with the 5d1electronic configuration are reported. Three successive phases originating from a spin-orbit-entangledJeff= 3/2 state, confirmed by a reduced effective magnetic moment of 0.72 μB, were observed upon cooling. X-ray diffraction measurements revealed a structural transition from a high-temperature cubic structure to a low-temperature tetragonal structure atTs= 170 K, below which theJeff= 3/2 state was preserved. Magnetization, heat capacity, and thermal expansion measurements showed two more electronic transitions to a possible quadrupole ordered state atTq= 25 K and an antiferromagnetic order of dipoles with a ferromagnetic moment of ∼0.2 μBatTm= 12 K. These properties were compared with those of the DP's sister compounds Ba2BReO6(B= Mg, Zn, and Ca) and the chemical trend is discussed in terms of the mean-field theory for spin-orbit-coupled 5delectrons (2010 Chenet al Phys. Rev. B82174440). The DP Ba2BReO6compounds provide a unique opportunity for a systematic investigation of symmetry breaking in the presence of multipolar degrees of freedom.Magnetic skyrmions have been proposed as promising information carriers in the application of spintronics, while the material imperfections are inevitable, thus an understanding of pinning effects on skyrmions in confined geometry is crucial for both fundamental research and development of spintronic devices. Here, we present the interactions of a skyrmion with a point and an extended ring defect, in a Co nanodisk which can be applied in skyrmion oscillator, based on micromagnetic simulations. By comparing with the skyrmion preferred position which is in the nanodisk center without defects, we identify the pinning strength and skyrmion preferred positions with a point defect as a function of skyrmion-defect distance and different local parameters of defect region being considered. The pinning centers range from skyrmion center, domain wall and off-center regions. We find a confinement effect on the skyrmion size with a ring defect. Moreover, we also show the rotation of the skyrmion in the presence of a ring defect, that can lead to a variation of oscillation frequency in a large range. These findings provide a complete understanding of the interaction between skyrmion and defects in a nanodisk and may provide a guidance for the design of skyrmion oscillators.An inverse radiation treatment planning algorithm for Sensus Healthcare's SculpturaTM electronic brachytherapy system has been designed. The algorithm makes use of simulated annealing to optimize the conformation number (CN) of the treatment plan. The highly anisotropic dose distributions produced by the SculpturaTM x-ray source empower the inverse treatment planning algorithm to achieve highly conformal treatment plans for a wide range of prescribed planning target volumes. Over a set of 10 datasets the algorithm achieved an average CN of 0.79 ± 0.08 and an average gamma passing rate of 0.90 ± 0.10 at 5%/5 mm. A regularization term that encouraged short treatment plans was used, and it was found that the total treatment time could be reduced by 20% with only a nominal reduction in the CN and gamma passing rate. It was also found that downsampling the voxelized volume (from 3203 to 643 voxels) prior to optimization resulted in a 150× speedup in the optimization time (from 2 + minutes to less then 1 s) without affecting the quality of the treatment plan.Experimentally resolving the microscopic energy dissipation and redistribution pathways in a molecular-scale junction, the smallest possible nanoelectronic device, is of great current interest. Here we report measurements of the vibrational pumping and light emission processes in current-carrying molecular junctions using surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy. We show that the heating of vibrational modes exhibits distinct features when the molecular junctions are driven by electrical bias or optical power. We further discuss the hot carrier origin of the broadband continuum emission observed in the Raman scattering spectrum.Density functional theory based computational study has been conducted in order to investigate the effect of substitution of Cr and Co components by Si on the structure, mechanical, electronic, and magnetic properties of the high entropy alloy CrCoNiFe. It is found that the presence of a moderate concentration of Si substitutes (up to 12.5%) does not significantly reduce the structural and mechanical stability of CrCoNiFe while it may modify its electronic and magnetic properties. Based on that, Si is proposed as a cheap and functional material for partial substitution of Cr or Co in CrCoNiFe.A family with a history of Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (PMD) received prenatal diagnosis of PLP1 gene duplication in a fetus using a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array. A 27-year-old pregnant woman was referred for genetic counseling due to her four-year-old son being diagnosed with a suspected classic type of PMD. Amniocentesis was performed at 18 and 3/7 weeks of gestation, and the SNP array was carried out on DNA from the mother, her affected son, and fetus, then further confirmed by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA). Cytogenetic analysis of the fetus showed 46,XY. SNP array analysis revealed that the male fetus did not carry PLP1 gene duplication but the affected boy did, and the mother was a carrier for the duplication of the PLP1 gene. All SNP array results were further confirmed by MLPA. SNP array and MLPA analyses of peripheral blood verified the nonduplication of the PLP1 gene in the infant after birth. At present, the child (without PLP1 duplication) is developing normally. This study preliminarily suggests that SNP array is a sensitive and accurate technology for identifying PLP1 duplication and is feasible for reliable diagnosis, including for the prenatal diagnosis of PMD resulting from PLP1 duplication.Both lung adenocarcinoma and coronavirus disease 2019 would cause pulmonary inflammation. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, the functional receptor of SARS-CoV-2, also plays a key role in lung adenocarcinoma. To study the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in lung adenocarcinoma patients, mRNA and microRNA profiles were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus followed by bioinformatics analysis. Alpelisib PI3K inhibitor A network which regards angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 as the center was structured. In addition, via immunological analysis to explore the essential mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility in lung adenocarcinoma. Compared with normal tissue, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 was increased in lung adenocarcinoma patients. Furthermore, a total of 7 correlated differently expressed mRNAs (ACE2, CXCL9, MMP12, IL6, AZU1, FCN3, HYAL1 and IRAK3) and 5 correlated differently expressed microRNAs (miR-125b-5p, miR-9-5p, miR-130b-5p, miR-381-3p and miR-421) were screened. Interestingly, the most frequent toll-like receptor signaling pathway was enriched by mRNA (interlukin 6) and miRNA (miR-125b-5p) sets simultaneously. In conclusion, it was assumed that miR-125b-5p-ACE2-IL6 axis could alter the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in lung adenocarcinoma patients.Inflammation is considered as a key pathogenesis factor of dementia and epilepsy. However, epilepsy's association with dementia, particularly its role in the development of dementia, remains unclear. To evaluate the association between epilepsy and the risk of dementia, in Taiwan, we have now conducted a retrospective cohort study comprising 675 individuals (age, ≥50 years) with epilepsy and 2,025 matched control subjects without epilepsy. In order to match individuals diagnosed with epilepsy with those with no diagnosis of epilepsy (comparison cohort), we utilized exact matching at a ratio of 13. Compared with those in the comparison cohort, individuals in the epilepsy cohort had a significantly increased risk of developing dementia (adjusted hazard ratio = 2.87, p less then 0.001). A similar result has been observed after stratifying for sex (adjusted hazard ratio in males = 2.95, p less then 0.001; adjusted hazard ratio in females = 2.66, p less then 0.001). To conclude, based on these data, epileptic individuals ≥50 years were at a greater risk of developing dementia than people who do not have epilepsy, which indicates that a diagnosis of epilepsy presents a greater risk for the development of dementia.Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Treg) play an important part in the glioma immunosuppressive microenvironment. This study analyzed the effect of Foxsp3 on the immune microenvironment and constructed a Foxp3-related immune prognostic signature (IPS)for predicting prognosis in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining for Foxp3 was performed in 72 high-grade glioma specimens. RNA-seq data from 152 GBM samples were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas database (TCGA) and divided into two groups, Foxp3 High (Foxp3_H) and Foxp3 Low (Foxp3_L), based on Foxp3 expression. We systematically analyzed the influence of Foxp3 on the immune microenvironment. Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) Cox analysis was conducted for immune-related genes that were differentially expressed between Foxp3_H and Foxp3_L GBM patients. We found a differential expression of Foxp3 in high-grade glioma tissues. The presence of Foxp3 was significantly associated with poor OS. From the four-gene IPS developed, GBM patients were stratified into low-risk and high-risk groups in both the training set and validation sets. Furthermore, we developed a novel nomogram to evaluate the overall survival in GBM patients. This study offers innovative insights into the GBM immune microenvironment and these findings contribute to individualized treatment and improvement in the prognosis for GBM patients.Tumors are complex ecosystems harboring multiple cell types which might play a critical role in tumor progression and treatment response. The endometrial epithelial cell identities and immune microenvironment of endometrial carcinoma (ECC) are poorly characterized. In this study, a cellular map of endometrial carcinoma was generated by profiling 30,780 cells isolated from tumor and paratumor tissues from five patients using single-cell RNA sequencing. 7 cell types in lymphocytes, 7 types in myeloid cells and 3 types in endometrial epithelial cells were identified. Distinct CD8+ T cell states and different monocyte-macrophage populations were discovered, among which exhausted CD8+ T cells and macrophages were preferentially enriched in tumor. Both CD8+ T cells and macrophages comport with continuous activation model. Gene expression patterns examination and gene ontology enrichment analysis of endometrial epithelial cells revealed 3 subtypes stem-like cells, secretory glandular cells and ciliated cells. Overall, our study presents a view of endometrial carcinoma at single-cell resolution that reveals the characteristics of endometrial epithelial cells in the endometrium, and provides a cellular landscape of the tumor immune microenvironment.The simulation theory argues that physical execution, action observation, and imagery share similar underlying mechanisms. Accordingly, applying a high-level psychological variable (variability of practice) should have a similar effect on all three modes. To test this theory, a total of 90 right-handed students participated in this study and were randomly divided into variable versus constant groups in three practice conditions, including physical, observational, and imagery. After a pretest (10 random trials of the putting task), the participants completed 50 practice trials. The groups performed/observed/imagined the task in the variable (different distances to different goals) or constant (fixed distance and goal) practice conditions. Also, there was an extra variable group in the physical and observational conditions, deprived of watching the feedback from the action. The participants completed a retention test 24 hr after the training. The effect of practice variability was observed in physical and observational conditions, but was not seen in the imagery condition.