Raomann7367

For ACE detection, the linear concentration range was 50-1100 ng/mL, and the detection limit (LOD) was 30.26 ng/mL. selleck products The method exhibited high sensitivity, selectivity and reproducibility, which is suitable for practical sample analysis and provides guidance for rapid detection of pesticide residues.In this study, the investigation on the effect of plastic during co-pyrolysis with biomass was carried out in a fixed reactor. Pyrolysis of neem wood bark (NB), low density polyethylene (LDPE) and their blends at different ratios was performed in order to evaluate the product distribution. The effects of reaction temperature and NB-to-LDPE blend ratio on product distribution and the chemical compositions of pyrolysis oil were examined. The co-pyrolysis of NB and LDPE increased the yield and quality of the bio-oil. The experiments were conducted under different LDPE addition percentages such as 20%, 40%, 50%, 60% and 80%. Under the optimum experimental condition of 60% addition of LDPE and a temperature of 450 °C, the maximum yield of bio-oil (64.8 wt%) and hydrocarbon (75.2%) was achieved with the lowest yield of oxygenated compounds. The calorific value of the co-pyrolysis oil was found to be higher than that of the NB pyrolysis oil. The relationship between NB and LDPE during co-pyrolysis was validated with the help of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, which showed decreased oxygenated compounds.Urban air pollution is a growing menace leading to human discomfort, increased hospitalizations, morbidity, and mortality. This study deals with deteriorated air quality due to firecracker bursting during Diwali in Lucknow. Inhalable particulates and gaseous pollutants were monitored during Diwali 2020 using air samplers. Elements, ions, and surface morphology of particles were analyzed using ICP-MS, ion chromatograph, and SEM-EDX, respectively. PM10, PM2.5, SO2, and NO2 were 558, 352, 44, and 86 μg/m3 during Diwali night and 233, 101, 17, and 40 μg/m3 on pre-Diwali night while 241, 122, 24, and 43 μg/m3 on Diwali day. Concentrations surged for PM10 139% and 132%, PM2.5 249% and 189%, SO2 159% and 83%, and NO2 115% and 100% on Diwali night compared to pre-Diwali night and corresponding Diwali day, respectively. Al, K, Ba, and B showed dominance in PM10 whereas Zn, Al, Ba, and K in PM2.5 on Diwali night. The order of metal abundance in PM2.5 was Cd less then Co less then Ag less then As less then Cr less then Ni less then Cu less then Bi less then Pb less then Mn less then Sr less then Fe less then B less then Zn less then Al less then Ba less then K. Cations NH4+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, and anions F-, Cl-, NO3-, Br-, NO2-, SO4-2, PO43- showed a 2-8 fold increase on Diwali night relative to pre-Diwali night. Average metal concentrations varied by 2.2, 1.6, and 0.09 times on Diwali than pre-Diwali in residential, commercial, and industrial areas, respectively. PM10 concentration increased by 458% and 1140% while PM2.5, 487%, and 2247% than respective NAAQS and WHO standards. Tiny firecracker particles vary in toxicity as compared to vehicular emissions and have enhanced bioavailability leading to severe threat in terms of LRI, COPD, and atherosclerosis for city dwellers. It is imperative to recognize the present status of ambient air quality and implement regulatory strategies for emission reduction."Water" contamination by mercury Hg(II) has become the biggest concern due to its severe toxicities on public health. There are different conventional techniques like ion exchange, reverse osmosis, and filtration that have been used for the elimination of Hg(II) from the aqueous solutions. Although, these techniques have some drawbacks during the remediation of Hg(II) present in water. Adsorption could be a better option for the elimination of Hg(II) from the aqueous solutions. "Conventional adsorbents" like zeolite, clay, and activated carbons are inefficient for this purpose. Recently, nanomaterials have attracted attention for the elimination of Hg(II) from the aqueous solutions due to high porosity, better surface properties, and high efficiency. In this review, a thorough discussion has been carried out on the synthesis and characterization of nanomaterials along with mechanisms involved in the elimination of Hg(II) from aqueous solutions.The colonization of freshwater lakes by invasive alien species is increasingly alarming primarily owing to nutrient loads from the watersheds. For the sustainable management of invasive weeds, preventive methods, such as watershed management and sustainable agricultural practices, are recommended. Watershed protection activities by the upstream local community are believed to be effective measures to reduce nutrient loading to the receiving water bodies and hence help prevent the spread of water hyacinth. However, their willingness and potential contributions determine the effectiveness of watershed management activities. The objective of this study is, therefore, to evaluate the preferences and contributions (willingness to pay and willingness to contribute labor) of the local community for the management of water hyacinth in Lake Tana (Ethiopia). A contingent valuation method for a hypothetical market "prevention of water hyacinth infestation of Lake Tana through watershed management program" was used to co as to halt the expansion of the weed.Investigating the linkage between financial development (FD) and carbon emissions is important for mitigating climate change. Nevertheless, there is a scarcity of studies investigating how carbon emissions decouple from FD. Here, we investigate the relationship between FD and carbon emissions by using the decoupling model based on cross-province data of China during 2000-2019. Then, we use the decomposition method to analyze the nine drivers of decoupling elasticity of FD and CO2 emissions. We found that China experienced weak decoupling and strong negative decoupling in most years. Only the finance develops at a very high level; the FD had spare capacities to promote the reduction in the carbon emissions. For example, several developed provinces (e.g., Tianjin, Zhejiang, Guangdong) realized strong decoupling after 2012. The reduction in energy intensity and the increase of foreign direct investment promoted the decoupling of FD from carbon emissions. During the financial recession period, developing a bank-based financial market helped the emissions reduction. Once financial crisis is overcome, developing a market-based financial market promoted the decoupling of FD from emissions. This is because that with the fast FD, the development of stock market contributed to emission reductions through technological improvement, while the bank loans inhibited the decoupling process through the expansion of capital-labor inputs. Overall, these results help in the assessment of the emissions impacts of FD and in addressing climate change problems.During zinc hydrometallurgy process, the chloride ions in the materials go into the leaching solution, which have abominable effects on equipment, electrowinning, and environment. So, it is necessary to remove chloride ions from zinc sulfate solution. The present review outlines the current research of removal methods of chlorine by holistically highlighting the advantages and mechanisms. The main techniques used to remove chloride ions from zinc sulfate solution are also discussed in detail. Among the methods, the precipitation method using copper slag to remove chlorine is widely used and the chlorine removal rate is up to 98%. In addition, the combination of electrochemistry and nanofiltration technology can form a closed-loop production process with less waste output and near-zero emissions. In addition, the challenges and possible future directions of chlorine removal from zinc sulfate solutions are also delineated.γ-Fe2O3 has an excellent low-temperature selective catalytic reduction (SCR) deNOx performance, but its resistance to alkaline earth metal calcium (Ca) is poor. In particular, the detailed mechanism of Ca poisoning on the γ-Fe2O3 catalyst at the atomic level is not clear. Hence, the density functional theory method was used in this research to investigate the influence mechanism of Ca poisoning on the NH3-SCR over the γ-Fe2O3 catalyst surface. The findings reveal that NH3, NO, and O2 molecules can bind to the γ-Fe2O3 (001) surface to generate coordinated ammonia, monodentate nitroso, and adsorption oxygen species, respectively. The main active site is Fe1-top. For the γ-Fe2O3 with Ca poisoning, the Ca atom has a high adsorption energy on the surface of γ-Fe2O3 (001), which covers the catalyst surface and reduces the active sites. The presence of Ca atom decreases the adsorption performance of NH3, while slightly improving the NO and O2 adsorption. In particular, the Ca atom restrains the NH3 activation and NH2 formation, which is detrimental to the NH3-SCR process.A novel magnetic catalyst was synthesized and applied in heterogeneous catalytic ozonation process. The ZnFe2O4/ZnNCN material was synthesized by hydrothermal and high-temperature calcination method and characterized by XPS, XRD, FTIR, VSM, and SEM techniques. In the system of O3/ZnFe2O4/ZnNCN, the removal rates of phenol and chemical oxygen demand (COD) reached 93% and 43% at 60 min. Further analysis shows that ZnFe2O4/ZnNCN has a significant catalytic effect on O3, which is demonstrated by the first-order kinetic constant being 1.93 times than O3 alone. The catalyst exhibits excellent cycling stability during repeated catalytic ozonation process and can be fully recycled under an applied magnetic field. The role of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and surface hydroxyl groups was investigated, and a mechanism for catalytic ozonation was proposed. This work not only builds an efficient catalytic ozonation system, but also provides a potential modification strategy for spinel oxides.The present work evaluated the potential of vermicomposting in management of different ratios of coconut husk waste (CH) and cattle dung (CD) viz (waste CD) 0100 (CH0), 2575 (CH25), 5050 (CH50), 7525 (CH75), and 1000 (CH100) using Eisenia fetida for 120 days. The physicochemical properties were analyzed in vermicompost samples taken on the 0 and 120th day. Co-composting with cattle manure improved their acceptability for E. fetida as well as their physicochemical properties. In a 5050 (CH50) ratio, the lowest mortality and maximum growth in terms of number and biomass of earthworms were observed. The results revealed that during pre-vermicompost to post-vermicompost, nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and sodium increased, whereas in all vermicomposting end products organic carbon and the CN ratio decreased significantly. Except zinc, all heavy metals decreased significantly (p  less then  0.05) over initial in all the feed mixtures. Seed germination tests indicated that the mature and non-phytotoxic vermicompost has been formed at the end of the experiment. The Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images of vermicompost demonstrated the excellent maturity of the compost.The Green industrial policy is implemented to promote the coordinative development of the environment and industry, while there has been limited research involved in the policy effect evaluation. Taking China's Green Manufacturing Engineering Implementation Guide (GMEIG) released especially for manufacturing industry in 2016 as a quasi-natural experiment, this paper identifies the policy effect on the total factor productivity (TFP) of manufacturing enterprises, and the mechanisms and heterogeneities are further evaluated. The baseline results show that green industrial policy has significant promotion on the TFP of manufacturing enterprises. The mechanism is analyzed from two perspectives, including incentive effect and supervision effect. Moreover, mediating effects of different time points of government subsidy are investigated within the incentive effect. The results reveal that GMEIG promotes the TFP of manufacturing enterprises through incentive effect and the promotion on enterprises' TFP mainly benefits from government subsidies afterwards rather than government subsidies beforehand.