Caldwellkrarup0507

The establishment of a germ cell culture contributes to efficient SSC propagation in rare, endangered, or commercially cultured fish species for use in biotechnological manipulation, such as cryopreservation and transplantation. Finally, we discuss organ culture and three-dimensional models for in vitro investigation of fish spermatogenesis.Simultaneous production of hydrogen and degradation of cyanide ion and methyl red dye were successfully accomplished by employing nano-particles of TiO₂-CuO under the radiation of UV light. Exploiting composites improves the electron-hole separation and consequently optimizes photocatalytic processes. Furthermore, the simultaneity of several photocatalytic processes decreases the rate of electron-hole recombination. According to the results, more hydrogen was produced in lower pHs. Up to the initial concentration of 0.3 and 0.8 mol/L for methyl red and cyanide ion respectively, the presence of pollutants increased hydrogen production remarkably, while in more concentrations, hydrogen production was independent of concentrations. 5HT The rate of hydrogen production decreased with the pass of time which is due to the consumption of holes by pollutants' molecules, and the effective participation of the electrons in hydrogen production. Accordingly, after 210 min, the amounts of cyanide ion and methyl red declined and the hydrogen production rate decreased from from 17-22 μmol H₂/min to 2-3 μmol H₂/min.In the current work, CuO nanoparticles were deposited on natural zeolite's particles to resolve the drawbacks of zeolite catalysis. The synthesized composites were characterized by XRD, SEM, BET, and DRS analyses. The results illustrated that in the 15% CuO composite, CuO nanoparticles with a size of 21 nm are deposited on the surface of the zeolite particles. Deposition of CuO nanoparticles on zeolite's particles decreased the specific surface area from 35 m²/g (pure zeolite) to 28 m²/g (20% CuO composite), and causes a red shift in the absorption edge of the sample to 796 nm for 20% CuO composite. In order to compare the samples' performances in eliminating water pollutants, methyl orange dye removal was investigated. The analyses indicated that the optimum efficiency (85% in 120 min) belongs to zeolite-15% CuO composite with a band gap of 1.70 eV.Au nanoparticles with different shapes (nanosphere, nanoplate and nanorod) have been synthesized and were characterized by scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and UV-vis absorption spectroscopy. We investigated the catalytic activity of Au nanoparticles with different morphologies as surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrates for the conversion of p-aminothiophenol to p,p'-dimercaptoazobenzene. The experimental results indicated that the order of catalytic activity is nanorod> nanoplate> nanosphere under 633 and 785 nm excitation. The current research provides some reliable insights and important references for exploration new catalysts and their catalytic activities from the perspectives of different sizes, morphology and crystal composition of nanomaterials.Membrane separation is recognized to be a promising technology for addressing water crisis. Unfortunately, the emergence of membrane fouling and low removal efficiency makes it unattractive for practical application. Herein, an electrochemical multifunctional CNT/Al₂O₃ membrane was designed coupled multiple electrochemical functions with pore sieving, which could maintain high permeability and achieve good removal efficiency simultaneously, even for those molecules with size smaller than pore size. link2 The multifunctional CNT/Al₂O₃ membrane possessing a pore size of 140 nm and pure water flux of 869.6 L · m-2 · h-1 · bar-1 was prepared. The results show that the multifunctional CNT/Al₂O₃ membrane exhibited a good anti-fouling properties for both bio-fouling and chemical fouling under electrochemical assistance with a permeability 3.6 and 1.5 times higher than those of CNT/Al₂O₃ membrane alone for the treatment of E. coli and humic acid, respectively. In addition, the CNT/Al₂O₃ membrane with electrochemical assistance also shows a high removal efficiency for the treatment of perfluorooctane sulphonate (PFOS) and phenol whose sizes are smaller than pore size. link3 As for the treatment of surface water, it also presented a good performance. Finally, the regeneration of the membrane was investigated and the fouled membrane was reused through an electrochemical assisted back-wash method.Nowadays, antibacterial photocatalytic activity of semiconductors has attracted great attention due to its excellent stability, good biocompatibility and no disinfection byproducts. Herein, a porous few-layer C₃N₄ was successfully fabricated via a simple and low-cost bottom-up method. The asprepared porous few-layer C₃N₄ exhibits large specific surface areas, which is about 4.8 times than bulk C₃N₄. Under the light ( less then 430 nm) irradiation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) (singlet oxygen (1O₂), hydroxyl radicals (·OH), and superoxide (O·-₂)) can be generated. The porous few-layer C₃N₄ was used as an antibacterial agent to kill gram-positive bacterium S. Aureus with an anibacterial efficiency up to 99.7%. The log removal rate of the porous few-layer C₃N₄ is more than 50 times than the bulk C₃N₄. The material shows a potential application in water purification and antibacterial photocatalytic therapy.Viticulture is one of the crops most subject to pest control by fungicides. Their drainage towards the fresh water affects the aquatic environment, the fauna, the flora and especially the human health. It is therefore necessary to find an adequate solution to solve this problem. Heterogeneous photocatalysis is an advanced oxidation method for the degradation and mineralization of organic pollutants in water and air using semi-conductor (e.g., TiO²). TiO₂ P25 in suspension (0.75 g·L-1) is used to treat Myclobutanil contaminated water and a commercial formulation Systhane™ 20EW, a fungicide produced by BASF. After 120 min of batch treatment under our conditions (pH = 6.7, Co = 10 mg ·L-1), 96% and 98% of Myclobutanil and Systhane were removed with 94% and 92% mineralization, respectively. In order to avoid the recovery of nanoparticles of TiO² P25 after treatment, we have taken care of β-SiC foam cells. Under the same experimental conditions, 45% and 56% of Myclobutanil and Systhane degraded after 4 h with mineralization of 29% and 27%, respectively in recirculation in a fixed-light photoreactor by UV-A lamps. These results are very encouraging filtering is not necessary to separate the catalyst from the treated water, it is very important for large-scale use of this process.Two new d10-configuration based Zn(II) coordination polymers with formula [Zn2(L)2(2,2'-bipy)₂]n (1) and [Zn₂(L)₂(4,4'-bipy)]n (2) (H₂L = 4,4'-[1,2-phenylenebis-(methylene)]bis(oxy)dibenzoic acid, 2,2'-bipy= 2,2'-bipyridine and 4,4'-bipy= 4,4'-bipyridine) have been synthesized and characterized. Both the compounds had been used as possible luminescent sensors for detecting nitroaromatic compounds (NACs) and as photocatalysts to photodegrade methyl violet (MV) under UV irradiation. The sensing experiments indicated that 2 displayed selective sensing for m-nitrophenol (MNP) with lower limit of detection (LOD) of 1.14 ppm while photocatalytic experiments indicated that 1 displayed better photocatalytic performance than 2 in photodegrading MV.Glycerol electro-oxidation offers a green route to produce the high value added chemicals. Here in, we report the glycerol electro-oxidation over a series of multi walled carbon nano tubes supported monometallic (Pt/CNT and Pd/CNT) and bimetallic (Pt-Pd/CNT) catalysts in alkaline medium. The cyclic voltammetry, linear sweep voltammetry and chronoamperometry measurements were used to evaluate the activity and stability of the catalysts. The Pt-Pd/CNT electrocatalyst exhibited the highest activity in terms of higher current density (129.25 A/m²) and electrochemical surface area (382 m²/g). The glycerol electro-oxidation products formed at a potential of 0.013 V were analyzed systematically by high performance liquid chromatography. Overall, six compounds were found including mesoxalic acid, 1,3-dihydroxyacetone, glyceraldehyde, glyceric acid, tartronic acid and oxalic acid. A highest mesoxalic acid selectivity of 86.42% was obtained for Pt-Pd/CNT catalyst while a maximum tartronic acid selectivity of 50.17% and 46.02% was achieved for Pd/CNT and Pt/CNT respectively. It was found that the introduction of Pd into Pt/CNT lattice facilitated the formation of C3 products in terms of maximum selectivity achieved (86.42%) while the monometallic catalysts (Pd/CNT and Pt/CNT) showed a poor performance in comparison to their counterpart.An amino-functionalized water-retaining agent (PPM40-NH₂) and a water-retaining agent lacking functionalization (PPM40) were prepared to investigate their selective Cd(II) removal properties. The affinity for Cd(II) was increased after introducing the amino functional group. The SFCd/Ca of PPM40-NH₂ was 3-7 fold higher than that of PPM40 although the CCa was 100-1000 times higher than that of CCd. The chelating effect of -COOH and -NH₂ in PPM40-NH₂ corresponded well with the selective adsorption of Cd(II), as confirmed by simulations. A seed germination experiment demonstrated that PPM40-NH₂ could act as a filter of heavy metals to supply "clean" water for the roots of the pakchoi plant. The leaching experiment indicated that PPM40-NH₂ is an efficient in situ fixation agent for the remediation of agricultural soil contaminated with Cd(II) in the presence of high concentrations of Ca(II) salts.Novel g-C₃N₄/CuS hybrid photocatalysts were synthesized successfully via a facile hydrothermal method. Characterization results of the photocatalysts showed that especial heterostructure had formed between g-C₃N₄ and CuS, and possess suitable matched band potential. The composite photocatalysts displayed strong UV-visible light absorption ability in the range from 200 to 800 nm. Photocatalytic performance of the photocatalysts were evaluated via photooxidation of methyl orange (MO) under visible-light irradiation. Hybrid photocatalysts showed better photocatalytic properties than that of pure g-C₃N₄ or CuS. The 60% g-C₃N₄/CuS sample proved the supreme photocatalytic property. The integrated g-C₃N₄ and CuS heterojunction elevated the separation efficiency of photogenerated electron-hole pairs, and increased the photo-decoloration efficiency of MO under visible-light irradiation. A four-cycle repeatability experiment was carried out to investigate the stability of hybrid photocatalysts in the photocatalyst reaction. Radical capture experiments proved that photogenerated e-, h+ and .OH were responsible for MO photo-decoloration. In addition, the potential mechanism of the photocatalytic system g-C₃N₄/CuS+H₂O₂+vis are presented.Efficient removal of organic pollutants from waste water by nanostructured photocatalysts has become an emerging research due to its importance in environmental remediation. Herein, CdS nanostructures with different morphologies i.e., spherical, nanopetal and rose-like have been synthesized by wet chemical method using TEA as a structure directing agent. The morphology, crystal structure, composition, surface area and optical properties of the nanostructures are investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Brunauer-Emment-Teller (BET) analyser, Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) absorption spectroscopy and Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. XRD patterns indicate the existence of hexagonal phase of CdS in all the three morphologies. The SEM images confirm the morphological transformation of spherical CdS nanoparticles (NPs) to nanopetal and rose-like morphology with the increase in concentration of TEA in the synthesis process. UV-visible absorption spectra show that rose-like CdS nanostructure exhibits red-shift of absorption wavelength compared to spherical and nanopetal CdS nanostructures.