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Bladder perforation due to indwelling catheters is regarded to be a very rare incident. Most cases of catheter-induced rupture were in patients with chronic catheterization due to chronic bladder diseases. An 80-year-old male with neurogenic bladder on chronic catheterization presented to the emergency room with abdominal pain and anuria. On CT, the tip of the catheter was eroding through the bladder into the peritoneum. The patient underwent a laparotomy with adhesiolysis. The tip of the Foley catheter was seen eroding through the bladder dome. A new open tip catheter was inserted per urethra to prevent the catheter tip from eroding again through the bladder wall. Bladder erosion or rupture is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Our case demonstrates the deleterious effects of chronic catheterization and the need for a high level of suspicion when dealing with such cases.Hypertrophic scar formation and non-healing wounds following Achilles tendon repair arise from poor vascularity to the incisional site or from excess mechanical stress/strain to the incision during the healing process. The embrace® scar therapy dressing is a tension offloading device for incisional scars. This study explored the effects of tension offloading during Achilles scar formation. A healthy 30-year-old male without any medical co-morbidities developed an acute rupture of his left Achilles tendon. The patient underwent open repair 1 week after injury. At post-operative day (POD) 14, the patient started daily tension offloading treatment on the inferior portion of the incision through POD 120. By POD 120, the untreated portion of the Achilles incision appeared hypertrophic and hyperpigmented, while the treated portion of the scar appeared flat with minimal pigmentation changes. The 12-week treatment of tension offloading on an Achilles tendon repair incision significantly improved cosmesis compared to untreated incision.Skin cancer is the most common cancer in Ireland. Our patient presented for removal of a cutaneous lesion on his ear. The histopathological diagnosis was malignant epithelioid hemangioendothelioma. It is very rare for this to present primarily as a cutaneous lesion. Here, we discuss the management of this patient and the surveillance he required. It is important to consider alternative histological diagnoses in patients presenting with cutaneous lesions and how this affects management and prognosis.

China has more than 300 million current smokers. There is a controversy over smokers' risk of COVID-19 infection. Smoking is a risk factor for COVID-19 disease progression, and the outbreak of COVID-19 may change people's smoking behaviors. This study assessed people's attitudes towards 'smoking and COVID-19' and changes of smoking behaviors before and after the outbreak of COVID-19.

A cross-sectional web survey of 11009 adults in China was conducted between 7 May and 3 August 2020. Attitudes towards 'smoking and COVID-19' were compared among non-smokers (n=8837), ex-smokers (n=399) and current smokers (n=1773), and changes in smoking behaviors before and after the outbreak of COVID-19 were assessed among current smokers.

Fewer current smokers (26.2%) agreed with the statement that 'Current smokers are more likely than ex-smokers or non-smokers to contract COVID-19' compared with non-smokers (53%) or ex-smokers (41.4%); fewer current smokers (55.9%) agreed with the statement 'If contracted, current smokre were no changes in their cigarette consumption and motivation to quit before and after the outbreak of COVID-19. More efforts are needed to educate smokers about the health risks of smoking, as well as efforts to promote their motivation to quit.

Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) and heated tobacco products (HTPs) are often considered to be less harmful and safer than combustible cigarettes (CCs). As a result, numerous tobacco product users opt to use e-cigarettes or HTPs as a safer alternative, though the safety of these products is not fully warranted. find more The present study aimed to assess the various attitudes towards e-cigarettes and/or HTPs among Korean tobacco product users and their associations with the practical use of e-cigarettes and/or HTPs in private or smoke-free public places.

A cross-sectional study using self-administered questionnaires was conducted from March 2019 to July 2019 on 2971 adult tobacco product users. Attitude towards e-cigarettes and/or HTPs, as well as the relative harm perceptions, in association with their practical use in private or smoke-free areas, were also analyzed.

Among those surveyed, 46.8% were exclusive users (CC-only smokers 23.5%, e-cigarette-only users 10.7%, HTP-only users 12.7%), and 47.6% were poly-users. Compared with non-e-cigarette or non-HTP users, current e-cigarette or HTP users perceived e-cigarettes or HTPs as less harmful than CCs and they were more acceptable to e-cigarettes or HTPs being used indoors. Their positive attitudes were associated with their more frequent use at home or in their car. Less number of participants supported that the government should regulate e-cigarettes or HTPs in the same way as CCs, their attitude being associated with more frequent use in smoke-free public places.

E-cigarettes or HTPs users have more positive attitudes toward their tobacco products than non-e-cigarette or non-HTP users. Those with more positive attitudes toward e-cigarettes or HTPs are closely related to their use in smoke-free places.

E-cigarettes or HTPs users have more positive attitudes toward their tobacco products than non-e-cigarette or non-HTP users. Those with more positive attitudes toward e-cigarettes or HTPs are closely related to their use in smoke-free places.

Despite the effectiveness of smoking cessation counseling, participation of nurses in delivering smoking cessation advice has been far from satisfactory in practice. Training nurses is considered to be important for increasing self-efficacy and skills for routine delivery of smoking cessation counseling. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a smoking cessation educational program for Japanese nurses on subsequent changes of their behavior in delivering smoking cessation counseling, three months later.

We ran a 6-hour smoking cessation educational program for nurses recruited from the Nursing Associations of 13 prefectures in Japan between May 2019 and February 2020. Surveys were conducted by questionnaire before the start of the program and 3 months thereafter. The successful implementation of smoking cessation counseling behavior was evaluated according to the 5As of the Clinical Practice Guidelines for Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence (Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrangeully increased the frequency of nurses providing smoking cessation advice to patients. Readiness to deliver smoking cessation counseling before the program and continuing self-efficacy after the program are important for changing the behavior of nurses in delivering smoking cessation counseling.

Globally, an estimated 1.3 billion people in the world smoke tobacco products, of which more than 8 million die annually. A disproportionate number of these deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries like Thailand. Over 19% (10.7 million) of the Thai population aged ≥15 years were estimated to be smokers; of these, 7.8% were aged 15-18 years. Nearly 1 in 10 Thai students is a current tobacco user; about 20% of these smokers had initiated smoking before their 10th birthday. This shows that early smoking initiation among Thai youths is indeed a public health problem. This study was conducted to examine the factors associated with smoking initiation among adolescents from low-income backgrounds.

A cross-sectional study was conducted among youth aged 15-18 years living in low-cost housing estates in Nakhon Pathom province between 1 December 2019 and 30 July 2020. A total of 290 participants were recruited by stratified random sampling. A proprietary questionnaire was used to collect the data, which werecollaboratively design interventions tailored to raise awareness of the negative health impacts of tobacco, improve the performance of underperforming students, and meet the social needs of students whose parents are either deceased or separated to improve their social ties.

Adverse effects of smoking on kidney function have been demonstrated in both general populations and in populations with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Therefore, quitting smoking can have a significant impact on the mortality and disease progression of CKD. This study examined and compared factors associated with quitting status of smoking, in patients with and without CKD, among Korean adult male smokers, using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2008 to 2019, excluding 2013.

Wald test with multiple logistic regression was performed to investigate factors associated with quitting smoking in both CKD and non-CKD groups, along with the interaction effects between groups.

Of the 15747 eligible individuals, 909 had CKD, of whom 703 (weighted percentage 74.4%) were quitters. In the non-CKD group, 8393 (weighted percentage 50.4%) succeeded in quitting. Regular exercise was the only factor associated with quitting in both groups. The adjusted odd ratios with confidence intervals were 1.29 (95% CI 1.17-1.42) and 2.84 (95% CI 1.52-5.31) in the non-CKD and CKD groups, respectively (interaction p=0.0153). Unlike in the CKD group, marriage and higher systolic blood pressure were also associated with quitting, and lifetime smoking amount and secondhand smoke exposure at home were negatively associated with smoking cessation in the non-CKD group.

Exercise was the only factor associated with quitting smoking in the CKD group.

Exercise was the only factor associated with quitting smoking in the CKD group.

This study investigated the antinociceptive effect of cumin and its biosynthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs).

Cumin extract (E) and cumin-AuNPs (GN) were prepared and administered intraperitoneally at the concentrations of 200, 500, and 1000 mg/ml to 27 male rats. Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy were applied for AuNPs synthesis confirmation. The nociceptive behavior was assessed, and IL-6 serum levels were measured.

Cumin-AuNPs showed a peak absorption of 515 nm, and a size of about 40 nm. Three different concentrations of extract had no significant effect on acute and chronic nociceptive behavior. GN + E200 (46.00 ± 10.59) showed a significant acute anti-nociceptive effect compared to the control (98.66 ± 4.91; p = 0.029) and SS300 (98.33 ± 20.30; p = 0.029) groups. Also, GN + E500 (42.00 ± 11.84) significantly reduced acute nociceptive behavior compared to the control (98.66 ± 4.91; p = 0.019), SS300 (98.33 ± 20.30; p = 0.020), and GN + E1000 (91.00 ± 26.00; p = 0.040) groups. IL-6 serum levels reduced significantly in GN + E500 (24.65 ± 10.38; p = 0.002) and SS300 (33.08 ± 1.68; p = 0.039) compared to the controls (46.24 ± 3.02). Chronic nociceptive behavior was significantly lower in the SS300 (255.33 ± 26.30) compared to E200 (477.00 ± 47.29; p = 0.021), E500 (496.25 ± 46.29; p = 0.013), and GN + E500 (437.00 ± 118.03; p = 0.032) groups.

Our findings suggest the potential effects of cumin-AuNPs on formalin-induced nociceptive behavior, which is independent of IL-6serum levels.

Our findings suggest the potential effects of cumin-AuNPs on formalin-induced nociceptive behavior, which is independent of IL-6serum levels.