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1 per cent (369 of 1935) of general editorial board positions.

The findings demonstrate gender disparity within editorial boards of the most prominent general surgery journals.

The findings demonstrate gender disparity within editorial boards of the most prominent general surgery journals.

Identifying the proteins that interact with drugs can reduce the cost and time of drug development. Existing computerized methods focus on integrating drug-related and protein-related data from multiple sources to predict candidate drug-target interactions (DTIs). However, multi-scale neighboring node sequences and various kinds of drug and protein similarities are neither fully explored nor considered in decision making.

We propose a drug-target interaction prediction method, DTIP, to encode and integrate multi-scale neighbouring topologies, multiple kinds of similarities, associations, interactions related to drugs and proteins. We firstly construct a three-layer heterogeneous network to represent interactions and associations across drug, protein, and disease nodes. Then a learning framework based on fully-connected autoencoder is proposed to learn the nodes' low-dimensional feature representations within the heterogeneous network. Secondly, multi-scale neighbouring sequences of drug and protein nodes Comparison with other state-of-the-art methods and case studies of five drugs further validated DTIP's ability in discovering the potential candidate drug-related proteins.Venn diagrams are widely used tools for graphical depiction of the unions, intersections and distinctions among multiple datasets, and a large number of programs have been developed to generate Venn diagrams for applications in various research areas. However, a comprehensive review comparing these tools has not been previously performed. In this review, we collect Venn diagram generators (i.e. tools for visualizing the relationships of input lists within a Venn diagram) and Venn diagram application tools (i.e. tools for analyzing the relationships between biological data and visualizing them in a Venn diagram) to compare their functional capacity as follows ability to generate high-quality diagrams; maximum datasets handled by each program; input data formats; output diagram styles and image output formats. We also evaluate the picture beautification parameters of the Venn diagram generators in terms of the graphical layout and briefly describe the functional characteristics of the most popular Venn diagram application tools. Finally, we discuss the challenges in improving Venn diagram application tools and provide a perspective on Venn diagram applications in bioinformatics. Our aim is to assist users in selecting suitable tools for analyzing and visualizing user-defined datasets.

No clear-cut guidelines exist about the use of diagnostic procedures for idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) and only scanty and conflicting data report the use of ultrasound (US). In this regard, we aimed to assess if grey-scale (GS) and Power Doppler (PD) US, graded with a 0-3-points-scale, may be a reliable tool in a cohort of patients affected by IIM.

All patients underwent US examination of both thighs in axial and longitudinal scans. Edema and atrophy, both assessed in GS, and PD, were graded with a 0-3-points-scale. Spearman test was used to identify the correlations between US and clinical and serological variables.

A total of 20 patients was included. Six and 2 of them were evaluated twice and 3 times, respectively. Muscle edema was found to be directly correlated with physician global assessment (PhGA), serum myoglobin and PD and negatively with disease duration. PD score was positively correlated to PhGA and negatively to disease duration. Muscle atrophy directly correlated with Myositis Damage Index, disease duration and patients' age. The single-thigh sub-analysis evidenced a direct correlation between PD score and Manual Muscle Test.

In our cohort, we found that edema and PD are strictly related to early, active myositis, suggesting that an inflamed muscle should appear swollen, thickened and with Doppler signal. Conversely, muscle atrophy reflects the age of the patient and the overall severity of the disease. Such findings shed a new, promising, light in the role of US in diagnosis and monitoring of IIMs.

In our cohort, we found that edema and PD are strictly related to early, active myositis, suggesting that an inflamed muscle should appear swollen, thickened and with Doppler signal. Conversely, muscle atrophy reflects the age of the patient and the overall severity of the disease. Such findings shed a new, promising, light in the role of US in diagnosis and monitoring of IIMs.Small molecule modulators of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are being pursued as novel anticancer, antiviral and antimicrobial drug candidates. We have utilized a large data set of experimentally validated PPI modulators and developed machine learning classifiers for prediction of new small molecule modulators of PPI. Our analysis reveals that using random forest (RF) classifier, general PPI Modulators independent of PPI family can be predicted with ROC-AUC higher than 0.9, when training and test sets are generated by random split. The performance of the classifier on data sets very different from those used in training has also been estimated by using different state of the art protocols for removing various types of bias in division of data into training and test sets. The family-specific PPIM predictors developed in this work for 11 clinically important PPI families also have prediction accuracies of above 90% in majority of the cases. All these ML-based predictors have been implemented in a freely available software named SMMPPI for prediction of small molecule modulators for clinically relevant PPIs like RBDhACE2, Bromodomain_Histone, BCL2-Like_BAX/BAK, LEDGF_IN, LFA_ICAM, MDM2-Like_P53, RAS_SOS1, XIAP_Smac, WDR5_MLL1, KEAP1_NRF2 and CD4_gp120. We have identified novel chemical scaffolds as inhibitors for RBD_hACE PPI involved in host cell entry of SARS-CoV-2. Docking studies for some of the compounds reveal that they can inhibit RBD_hACE2 interaction by high affinity binding to interaction hotspots on RBD. Some of these new scaffolds have also been found in SARS-CoV-2 viral growth inhibitors reported recently; however, it is not known if these molecules inhibit the entry phase.BACKGROUND Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of chronic total occlusions (CTO) is a well-established treatment option, improving health status and angina in selected patients with angina and/or a large area of documented ischemia and suitable anatomy. It has been used in patients with a history of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) but remains controversial in unusual bypass constructions. This report is of a 63-year-old man with angina due to right coronary CTO, 6 years following CABG, successfully treated using the reverse controlled antegrade and retrograde subintimal tracking technique (reverse CART technique) via the gastroepiploic (GE) artery. CASE REPORT A 63-year-old man with a history of extensive coronary artery disease, including a CTO of the right coronary artery (RCA), previously treated with a right GE artery bypass graft, presented with unacceptable angina despite optimal medical treatment. A vascular CT scan suggested severe stenosis at the level of the anastomosis between the GE artery graft and the posterior descending (PD) artery. A PCI of the native RCA CTO was successfully performed using the GE artery bypass graft as a retrograde conduit, with good angiographical and clinical outcomes. find more CONCLUSIONS PCI of a CTO via the GE artery has been described only occasionally before, and remains a rare treatment. This report shows that retrograde coronary artery recanalization of CTO using the reverse CART technique, via the GE artery bypass graft, was safe and effective in this case, and that it can and should be considered in selected patients.BACKGROUND Since the outbreak of COVID-19 in December 2019, there have been 96 623 laboratory-confirmed cases and 4784 deaths by December 29 in China. We aimed to analyze the risk factors and the incidence of thrombosis from patients with confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia. MATERIAL AND METHODS Eighty-eight inpatients with confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia were reported (31 critical cases, 33 severe cases, and 24 common cases). The thrombosis risk factor assessment, laboratory results, ultrasonographic findings, and prognoses of these patients were analyzed, and compared among groups with different severity. RESULTS Nineteen of the 88 cases developed DVT (12 critical cases, 7 severe cases, and no common cases). In addition, among the 18 patients who died, 5 were diagnosed with DVT. Positive correlations were observed between the increase in D-dimer level (≥5 µg/mL) and the severity of COVID-19 pneumonia (r=0.679, P less then 0.01), and between the high Padua score (≥4) and the severity (r=0.799, P less then 0.01). In ad the prognosis of critical patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and would likely reduce thromboembolic rates.BACKGROUND Bundle branch reentrant ventricular tachycardia (BBRVT) is a rarely encountered ventricular tachycardia (VT) and is classically associated with advanced heart diseases. link2 Importantly, the tachycardia is readily curable with catheter ablation. Without suspicion of BBRVT and recording of the His-Purkinje system, it is hard to diagnose accurately. Myotonic dystrophy (MD) is the most common neuromuscular disease in adults and is known to have a risk of development of BBRVT. Here, we report a case of BBRVT in an MD patient with normal cardiac configuration with typical clinical and electrophysiological features. CASE REPORT A 40-year-old man presented with chest discomfort and weakness at the Emergency Department with unstable vital conditions. Electrocardiography showed wide QRS tachycardia with right bundle branch block pattern. The patient had been diagnosed with MD (type I) 3 years ago and had typical clinical features of MD. Transthoracic echocardiography showed normal left ventricular systolic function and no significant structural abnormalities. In the electrophysiologic study, VTs with left and right bundle branch block pattern were induced and diagnosed with BBRVT. Considering the risk of sudden death, implantation of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) was performed. One month later, VT had recurred and was successfully treated with ablation of the right bundle branch. CONCLUSIONS We present a case of 2 different morphologies of BBRVT in a patient with MD and normal ventricular function. Catheter ablation is a curative method for BBRVT and can be a tool for reducing ICD shock.

There is a lack of evidence about the usefulness of exercise or rest in myasthenia gravis (MG). link3 This study is aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of exercise or rest in MG.

In a single-center open-labeled randomized controlled trial, the patients with mild to moderate MG were randomized to 30-min walk or rest in addition to the standard treatment. The primary endpoint was 50% improvement in the MG Quality of Life (MG-QOL15), and secondary endpoints were change in the Myasthenic Muscle Score (MMS), MG Activities of Daily Living (MGADL), grip strength, dose of acetylcholine esterase inhibitor and prednisone, 6-min walk test (6MWT), decrement in trapezius on the low-rate repetitive nerve stimulation test, and adverse events. The outcomes were defined at 3 months, by >50% improvement in these outcome parameters.

Forty patients with MG were randomized to the exercise or rest arm. The 2 arms were matched for demographic and clinical parameters. The patients in the exercise arm had significantly better QOL evidenced by MG-QOL15 (p = 0.