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BACKGROUND The primary aim of this study was to assess the utility of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and HbA1c to identify diabetes by the 2-hour plasma glucose (PG) criterion in the Korean population at high risk for diabetes. METHODS A total of 1646 participants with a BMI of ≥23 kg/m2 without having a history of diabetes were recruited in this study. The cutoff values of FPG and HbA1c for detecting diabetes were identified using the Youden index using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. The gold standard for diabetes prediction was defined by the 2-hour PG level of ≥200 mg/dL. RESULTS The participants comprised 54.0% women, and the mean age of all participants was 55.0 ± 8.1 years. At baseline, FPG was 104.1 ± 14.2 mg/dL, the 2-hour PG value was 162.9 ± 55.3 mg/dL, and HbA1c was 5.9% ± 0.5%. 446 subjects (27.1%) were diagnosed with diabetes and 976 subjects (59.3%) were determined to be at prediabetes. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of FPG and HbA1c for diabetes were 0.776 and 0.802, while the AUC of FPG and HbA1c for prediabetes were 0.515 and 0.477. The optimal cutoff value for diagnosing diabetes of FPG and HbA1c were 104.5 mg/dL (sensitivity 75.8%, specificity 67.5%) and 5.9% (sensitivity 80.6%, specificity 63.8%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS FPG of 104.5 mg/dL and HbA1c value of 5.9% (41 mmol/mol) can be used as an optimal screening value for diabetes by 2-hour PG criterion in the Korean population at high risk for diabetes. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Reported herein is the first efficient strategy to synthesize a broad range of unsymmetrical N-CF3 hydrazines, which served as platform to unlock numerous currently inaccessible derivatives, such as tri- and tetra-substituted N-CF3 hydrazines, hydrazones, sulfonyl hydrazines and valuable N-CF3 indoles. These compounds proved to be remarkably robust, being compatible with acids, bases and a wide range of synthetic manipulations. The feasibility of RN(CF3)-NH2 to function as a directing group in C-H functionalization is also showcased. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.Single-atom catalysts have attracted much attention. It is necessary but remains challenging to uncover new regulation means of their electronic structures for precise catalysis. Herein, we report that regulating charge transfer of lattice oxygen in serial single-atom doped titania enables tunable hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity. First-principles calculations disclose that the activity of lattice oxygen for HER can be regularly promoted by substituting its nearest metal atom and doping-induced charge transfer plays the essential role. Besides, the charge transfer realm of the active site can be enlarged into the second nearest atom by making oxygen vacancies, resulting in further optimized HER. We fabricate various single-atom doped titania nanosheets via a simple route to validate the proposed model. We demonstrate that taking advantage of the localized charge transfer to the lattice atom is feasible to realize precise regulation of its electronic structures and thus catalytic activity. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. PI3K inhibitor KGaA, Weinheim.Luminescent metal clusters have attracted considerable attention due to the promising application in imaging and sensing. However, promoting the emission from metal clusters at room temperature (RT) is a challenging task owing to the lack of the efficient appro a ch to suppress the nonradiative decay process in metal cores , although most of them display emission at cryogenic temperatures. In this study, we report that the addition of an Ag atom into the metal interstice of a radar-like thiolated silver cluster [ Ag 27 (S t Bu) 14 (S) 2 (CF 3 COO) 9 (DMAc) 4 ]·DMAc ( NC1 , DMAc=dimethylacetamide), which is non-emissive under ambient conditions, produced another silver cluster [ Ag 28 ( Adm S) 14 (S) 2 (CF 3 COO) 10 (H 2 O) 4 ] ( NC2 ) that displayed a bright green RT photoluminescence, aided by the new ligand 1-adamantanethiol (AdmSH). The 28 th Ag atom, which hardly affects the geometrical and electronic structures of the Ag-S core, triggered the emission of green light as the result of the rigidity effect in the cluster structure . Based on two perfect metal cluster models with atomic-precis i on structure, this work reveals that clusteroluminescence induced by specific metal atom aggregations could be a critical approach for enhancing photoluminescence from metal clusters at room temperature. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.INTRODUCTION Prophylaxis with factor VIII (FVIII) concentrates in children with haemophilia A (HA) is current standard of care. The benefit of prophylactic treatment for adult HA patients is not commonly accepted. AIM To investigate the benefit of prophylaxis over on-demand treatment in adult and elderly patients with severe or non-severe HA in a real-life setting. METHODS Data from 163 patients comprising 1202 patient-years were evaluated for 7.5 (±5.3) years. The effects on the annual bleeding rate (ABR, including spontaneous and traumatic bleeds) of treatment with a plasma-derived FVIII concentrate, the patient's age and disease severity were investigated. The effect of changing the treatment from on demand to continuous prophylaxis on the patients' ABRs was further analysed. RESULTS Prophylaxis had the greatest effect on the ABRs of patients of any age with severe or non-severe HA. The difference in ABR of all patients treated on demand (median 31.4; interquartile range (IQR) 27.6; N = 83) compared with those treated prophylactically (median 1.3; IQR 3.6; N = 122) was statistically significant (P  less then  .05), even for patients with non-severe HA (median 8.4; IQR 15.5; N = 11) vs median 1.5; IQR 4.2 (N = 17), P  less then  .05). Patients, aged up to 88 years, switching from on demand to continuous prophylaxis showed the lowest median ABR (1.1; N = 51) after their regimen change. CONCLUSION Any (even low-frequency) prophylaxis results in lower ABR than on-demand treatment. Patients switching to prophylaxis benefitted the most, irrespective of age or HA severity. Prophylactic treatment-even tertiary-is the regimen of choice for patients of any age, including elderly patients, with severe or non-severe HA. © 2020 The Authors. Haemophilia published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.