Myrickmayer5273

Abnormal urine DPD/Cr, urine Ca/Cr, and cortical BMD levels were independent risk factors in male patients with early-stage AD. CONCLUSION Bone metabolic biomarkers and BMD are closely associated with early-stage AD in male patients. Our data indicated that the measurement of bone metabolic biomarkers and BMD may provide an alternative approach for screening AD patients at the early stage.PURPOSE The objectives of this study were to examine (1) the intrarater, interrater, and test-retest reliability of the timed 360° turn test in people with Parkinson's Disease (PwPD); (2) the minimum detectable change in the timed 360° turn test times; (3) the concurrent and discriminant validity of the timed 360° turn test; (4) the cut-off times which best discriminate PwPD from healthy people and fallers from non-fallers with Parkinson's Disease (PD). METHODS Fifty-four PwPD and 32 healthy people were included. The timed 360° turn test was administered along with Timed Up and Go Test, Berg Balance Scale, Four Square Step Test, Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, and Hoehn and Yahr Scale. In addition, PwPD were categorized into fallers and non-fallers based on fall history. Reliability analyses were assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients in a subgroup of 38 PwPD. RESULTS The timed 360° turn test had excellent intrarater, interrater, and test-retest reliability. It was strongly correlated with other outcome measures (p  less then  0.001). In both sides, significant differences in the timed 360° turn test times were found between PwPD and healthy people and between fallers and non-fallers with PD (p  less then  0.001 and p  less then  0.001, respectively). The timed 360° turn test times of 3.76-3.89 s were found to best discriminate PwPD from healthy people, while 5.46-5.74 s were found to best discriminate fallers from non-fallers with PD. The minimum detectable change in the timed 360° turn test times were 1.98 s for dominant side and 1.48 s for non-dominant side in PwPD. CONCLUSIONS The timed 360° turn test is a reliable, valid, and clinically available tool for assessing turning ability in PwPD.BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Most older persons who suffer hip-fracture are frail and show comorbidities and functional deterioration, with poor short and long-term prognosis, high morbidity rates, and premature death. The aim of this work was to assess the association between in-hospital dietary intake and the course of mobilization of hip-fractured older patients in the post-surgical period until hospital discharge. METHODS Prospective, observational, cohort study, n = 90 hip-fracture ≥ 65 years old patients. Pfeiffer questionnaire, Barthel Index, Charlson Comorbidity Index, Mini Nutritional Assessment, mobilization and dietary assessment, body mass index, arm and calf circumferences and blood analytical determinations. The mobilization progress was assessed measuring the ability to sit down and walking, at 2nd and 3rd-4th days post-surgery until discharge, respectively. RESULTS Charlson Comorbidity Index was associated with ability to sit down, and energy intake was associated with ability to walk. Energy and protein intake is an important factor influencing mobilization success in older patients after surgery. Poor mobilization is related to high Charlson Comorbidity Index. CONCLUSIONS In hip-fractured older patients, energy-protein intake and comorbidities assessed by Charlson Comorbidity Index are the main factors associated with poor mobilization in the post-surgical period.The integrity of the structural cerebral cortex is disrupted after stroke either at the macroscopic or microscopic levels. Therefore, many attempts have been gathered to circumvent stroke-associated problems in the brain tissue. The current study was aimed to design an animal model of photochemical stroke using rose bengal (RB) plus laser irradiation (L) after 10, 15, and 20 min (´) and evaluate its effect on the cerebral tissue using unbiased stereological quantitative methods and morphometric histological analysis. learn more Photochemical stroke was induced by intraperitoneal injection of RB dye and further activation through the exposure of the right sensorimotor cortex with the green laser radiation (100 mW; 532 nm). Mice were randomly allocated into 4 groups (each in 15) as follows control (10 μg/gbw RB), RB + 10'L, RB + 15'L, and RB + 20'L. Target irradiation site was adjusted to 2 mm lateral to the bregma. Vernier caliper morphometric evaluation, cresyl violet staining, and unbiased stereological assays including Cavalier's principle and point counting techniques were used to monitor the pathological changes and lesion volume on days 1, 3, and 7 after the ischemia induction. Our data showed that the mean diameter of the lesion site and lesion infarct volume in the group RB + 20'L) was significantly increased relative to the other groups (P  less then  0.05). Notably, the lesion volume and diameter in the group RB + 15'L was larger compared with the group RB + 10'L and control mice (P  less then  0.05). Data showed an increased acute inflammatory response such as hyperemia and edema 3 days after ischemic induction while the intensity of acute changes and lesion volume were reduced and replaced with necrotic and chronic pathological changes including astrogliosis on day 7. It is concluded that the laser irradiation of RB-injected mice at a distinct time period could induce the magnificent degenerative effects on the cerebral cortex which is similar to the stroke condition.This study aimed to compare the visual outcomes after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK), with and without the iris registration (IR) technology. The retrospective cohort study was performed for wavefront-guided PRK using the Technolas 217z100 excimer laser system in patients with myopic astigmatism (cylinder error - 2 to - 4 diopter [D]). Eyes were divided into IR group (IRPRK) and non-IR group (non-IRPRK). Visual acuity (VA), cylindrical refraction, and the astigmatic vector components using the Alpins method were compared between the two groups preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively. Fifty IRPRK patients (66% female, mean age 30.56 ± 6.31 years) and 50 non-IRPRK (60% female, mean age 29.60 ± 5.63 years) were enrolled. The mean logMAR uncorrected VA improved from 0.89 ± 0.44 to 0.032 ± 0.05 in the IRPRK group (P  0.05). Wavefront-guided PRK independent of the IR status is effective, safe, and predictable in patients with myopic astigmatism. No statistical significance was observed supporting data for the better outcome of visual acuity and astigmatism correction using IR in comparison with a non-IR system.BACKGROUND The effectiveness of exercise in managing cardiovascular (CV) health and function is well established. Less clear is the process for optimising the safety and efficacy of an intervention, particularly how objective assessments might inform this process. OBJECTIVE The aim of this review was to investigate the cited evidence underpinning recommendations for assessing CV function to inform the safe and effective prescription of exercise in populations with established CV disease, as published in documents to guide practice authored by prominent organisations in cardiology and sports medicine. METHODS A systematic review of position statements and guiding documents on exercise prescription for CV health was conducted. Included documents were published between 1997 and 2016. RESULTS Following removal of duplicates, 3158 documents were considered, with full-text screening required for 334. Twenty-seven documents were included which provided 106 individual recommendations for specific objective assessments. Of the total number of recommendations, 60% had no accompanying citation and 28% of recommendations provided citations that did not directly support the statement made. Additionally, 52% of included documents did not state the methods of document development. That is, it was not clear if there was a literature review and/or expert consensus that was used to form recommendations included within. CONCLUSION Almost no cited evidence underpinning the extracted recommendations from the included guiding documents, nor any acknowledgement of this deficiency was established. There were limited explanations found for the methods involved in developing such guiding documents.BACKGROUND Although tumor grade, defined by either the nuclear grade (NG) or the histological grade (HG), is widely accepted as one of the prognostic factors for breast cancer, there is a limited direct comparison between these two grading systems. The object of the current study was to compare their prognostic capabilities on the same specimen in a single institutional cohort. METHODS We collected data from 1125 patients with breast cancer who underwent surgery at Kaizuka City Hospital between 2002 and 2016 and analyzed the prognostic capability of NG and HG in comparison with other clinicopathological factors. Pathological diagnoses were performed by a single pathologist throughout the study period. link2 RESULTS The median follow-up was 52.9 months. During the follow-up period, 103 distant recurrences were observed. The concordance rate of grades between NG and HG was 72.1%. The 5-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) rates for patients with NG1, NG2, and NG3 were 90.6%, 91.8%, and 82.2%, respectively, and the rates for patients with HG1, HG2, and HG3 were 92.7%, 88.6%, and 82.5%, respectively. Significant differences in RFS were noted among each grade for HG. However, this was not true for NG; a significant difference was not noted between NG1 and NG2. In terms of subtypes, both NG3 and HG3 were significantly associated with worse outcomes in patients with ER-positive/HER2-negative tumors. CONCLUSIONS Although not a few patients exhibited discordant results between NG and HG, both NG and HG predict outcomes for breast cancer patients, but the latter might appear to be superior as a three-grade classification scale.BACKGROUND Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitors represent a significant advancement in the treatment of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative advanced breast cancer. However, mechanisms of alterations after acquired resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors and the optimal treatment options are still not established. METHODS Abemaciclib-resistant cell lines were established from the models of estrogen deprivation-resistant cell lines which retained ER expression and activated ER function derived from MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines. Ribocilib-resistant cell lines were established in the same method as previously reported. RESULTS Both abemaciclib- and ribociclib-resistant cell lines showed decreased ER expression. ER transcriptional activity was maintained in these cell lines; however, the sensitivity to 4-hydroxytamoxifen and fulvestrant was almost completely lost. These cell lines did not exhibit any ERα gene mutation. Abemaciclib-resistant cell lines demonstrated low sensitivity to other CDK4/6 inhibitors; sensitivities to PI3K inhibitor, mTOR inhibitor, and chemotherapeutic drugs were maintained. link3 CONCLUSIONS Dependence on ER signaling appears to decrease after the development of acquired resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors. Further, CDK4/6 inhibitor-resistant cells acquired cross-resistance to other CDK4/6 inhibitors, PI3K/Akt/mTOR inhibitor therapy and chemotherapeutic drugs might serve as optimal treatment options for such breast cancers.