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The patient acceptable symptom state (PASS) has emerged as a metric for evaluating patient satisfaction after treatment. There is little research on the relationship between sports activity and PASS values after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR).

To (1) introduce the sports activity available state (SAAS) as an indicator of whether sports activities are possible based on patient symptoms after ARCR, (2) investigate the correlation between the SAAS and PASS, (3) predict the SAAS using derived PASS values, and (4) identify factors for achieving the PASS and SAAS.

Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3.

Included were 201 patients who underwent ARCR between January 2015 and December 2016. At a mean follow-up of 38.7 ± 7.0 months, anchor questions were used to classify patients as SAAS+ (sports group) or SAAS- (nonsports group) and derive the PASS values for the pain visual analog scale (pVAS), American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES), and Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE). The authors the PASS value. Patients with higher preoperative ASES scores had higher odds of achieving both the PASS and SAAS, and patients with diabetes and those with large to massive tears had lower odds of achieving the SAAS.

The authors found the SAAS to be significantly correlated with the PASS. Also, SAAS was able to be predicted using the PASS value. Patients with higher preoperative ASES scores had higher odds of achieving both the PASS and SAAS, and patients with diabetes and those with large to massive tears had lower odds of achieving the SAAS.

Operative treatment is suggested for unstable type 3 acromioclavicular (AC) joint injuries; however, there is no clear consensus regarding the definition of an unstable type 3 injury. We propose a new radiographic method, the "Chiang Mai lean forward" view, to verify horizontal displacement in an unstable AC joint injury.

A radiograph taken with the torso leaning forward would allow the detection of a higher proportion of AC joint injuries.

Descriptive laboratory study.

A total of 20 shoulders from 10 fresh whole-body cadaveric specimens (mean age, 68.8 years) were tested at 3 different torso leaning angles (30°, 45°, and 60°) to determine the best position for projecting the x-ray beam. The shoulders were dissected sequentially starting with the AC ligament (stage 1), then additional sectioning of the partial coracoclavicular (CC) ligament with either the trapezoid ligament cut first (stage 2A) or the conoid ligament cut first (stage 2B), and finally complete sectioning of the CC ligament (stage 3). click here ang Mai lean forward" radiographic view is a potentially useful tool for determining the degree of the injury and the stability of the AC joint.

Maxillofacial injuries account for an estimated 11% of National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) sport-related injuries and occur at a rate of 0.2-1.5 injuries per 1000 athletic events/exposures.

The purpose of this study was to report the epidemiology, treatment, and outcomes of maxillofacial injuries in NCAA Division I athletes participating in 13 sports. It was hypothesized that the rate of maxillofacial injuries would be greater than previously reported in national registry studies.

Descriptive epidemiology study.

A single-institution registry was utilized to retrieve the maxillofacial injuries and surgical procedures recorded over 4 athletic seasons, for the years 2015 through 2019, across 13 NCAA Division I sports. The incidence of injuries per sport was reported as the number per 1000 athlete-exposure (AE) hours. The time lost from participation and time to complete injury resolution per sport were reported as the mean and range.

A total of 193 maxillofacial injuries occurred over 4 seal treatment, and their prevention is critical.

At a single NCAA Division I institution, maxillofacial injuries occurred at a higher rate than previously thought and could lead to significant time lost from sport participation. Basketball players were at the highest risk of this injury. Across all sports, male athletes took longer to return to sport after a maxillofacial injury compared to female athletes, but the latter required more time to fully recover. Maxillofacial injuries may require surgical treatment, and their prevention is critical.

Emergency department (ED) visits after orthopaedic surgery such as anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) affect patients and health care systems and should be better understood.

To determine the incidence, predictors, and reasons for ED visits within 90 days after ACLR.

Descriptive epidemiologic study.

Patients who had undergone ACLR between 2010 and 2020 were identified in a national database, and 90-day ED visits, readmissions, risk factors, and primary diagnoses for visits were determined. One-year postoperative data were used to establish baseline weekly ED visits for the cohort. Patient age, sex, Elixhauser comorbidity index, region of the country (Northeast, Midwest, West, South), and insurance coverage (Medicare, Medicaid, and commercial) were extracted, and these variables were compared using univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression.

Out of 81,179 patients, ED visits were identified for 6764 (8.3%), and readmissions were identified for 592 (0.7%). Overall, 5300 pat.

Within 90 days of ACLR, >8% of patients visited the ED, while 0.7% were readmitted. ED visits increased in the first 2 postoperative weeks and returned to baseline rates around week 3. Within the first 2 weeks, two-thirds of visits involved the surgical site. Younger patients, patients with greater comorbidity burden, those in certain regions of the country, and those with Medicaid had greater odds of ED utilization.

8% of patients visited the ED, while 0.7% were readmitted. ED visits increased in the first 2 postoperative weeks and returned to baseline rates around week 3. Within the first 2 weeks, two-thirds of visits involved the surgical site. Younger patients, patients with greater comorbidity burden, those in certain regions of the country, and those with Medicaid had greater odds of ED utilization.

Many procedures to reconstruct osteochondral defects of the elbow radiocapitellar (RC) joint lack versatility or durability or do not directly address the subchondral bone structure and function.

To biomechanically characterize the RC joint contact area, force, pressure, and peak pressure before and after reconstruction of osteochondral defects using a novel hybrid reconstructive procedure. It was hypothesized that the procedure would restore the contact characteristics to the intact condition.

Controlled laboratory study.

A total of 10 cadaveric elbows (mean age 67 ± 2.7 years) were dissected to isolate the humerus and radial head. RC contact area, contact force, mean contact pressure, and peak contact pressure were measured with the elbow at 45° of flexion and neutral forearm rotation at compressive loads of 25, 50, and 75 N. Osteochondral defects 8 and 11 mm in diameter were created at the center of the capitellum; the defects were then reconstructed with a titanium fenestrated threaded implant, coconditions while avoiding increased peak contact pressure or edge loading after repairing osteochondral defects related to osteochondrosis with a novel hybrid reconstruction technique.

This hybrid procedure that addresses the entire osteochondral unit may provide a new treatment option for osteochondral defects.

This hybrid procedure that addresses the entire osteochondral unit may provide a new treatment option for osteochondral defects.

The ability to return to school after orthopaedic surgery is an important consideration for young patients, as there is substantial literature indicating that school attendance is correlated strongly with academic performance.

To evaluate the time to return to school, the barriers that students encounter when returning to school, and the academic effect of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) in high school (HS) and college students.

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2.

Full-time HS and college/graduate school (C/GS) students who underwent ACLR during the 2017 to 2018 and 2018 to 2019 academic periods were included in the study. Patients were contacted 2 weeks postoperatively to complete a questionnaire that assessed their time to return to school and barriers that interfered with their ability to return, and they completed a second questionnaire at 6 weeks postoperatively that assessed academic performance and challenges faced upon returning to school.

Included were 36 (52.2%) full-time the potential academic effect of orthopaedic surgery in order to maximize clinical results, academic performance, and satisfaction in their patients.

ACLR can have a negative effect on school attendance and academic performance among HS and C/GS students. Orthopaedic surgeons should counsel all students and their families adequately about the potential academic effect of orthopaedic surgery in order to maximize clinical results, academic performance, and satisfaction in their patients.Following record-level declines in 2020, near-real-time data indicate that global CO2 emissions rebounded by 4.8% in 2021, reaching 34.9 GtCO2. These 2021 emissions consumed 8.7% of the remaining carbon budget for limiting anthropogenic warming to 1.5 °C, which if current trajectories continue, might be used up in 9.5 years at 67% likelihood.Pakistan, one of the eight countries comprising South Asia, has more than 212.2 million people, making it the world's fifth most populous country after China, India, USA, and Indonesia. It has also the world's second-largest Muslim population. Eberhard et al. (Ethnologue languages of the world, SIL International, 2020) report 77 languages used by people in Pakistan, although the only two official languages are Urdu and English. After its Independence from the British colonial rule in 1947, it took much deliberation for the country to make a shift from its monolingual Urdu orientation to a multilingual language policy in education in 2009. This entailed a shift from the dominant Urdu language policy for the masses (and English exclusively reserved for elite institutions), to a gradual and promising change that responded to the increasing social demand for English and for including regional languages in the curriculum. Yet English and Urdu dominate the present policy and exclude regional non-dominant languages in education that themselves are dynamic and unstable, and restructured continually due to the de facto multilingual and plurilingual repertoire of the country. Using Bourdieu's (Outline of a theory of practice Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1977a, The economics of linguistic exchanges. Soc Sci Inform 16645-668, 1977b, The genesis of the concepts of habitus and field. Sociocriticism 211-24 1985, Language and symbolic power Polity Press, Cambridge, 1991) conceptualization of habitus, this study analyzes letters to the editor published between 2002-2009 and 2018-2020 in a leading English daily of Pakistan. The analysis unveils the linguistic dispositions that are discussed in the letters and their restructuring through market forces, demonstrating a continuity between the language policy discourse and public aspirations. The findings also indicate the ambivalences towards Urdu and English in relation to nationalistic ideologies, modernity and identity.