Ditlevsenskaarup4479

As a polluting industry, the green transformation of coatings is highly concerned by the Chinese government. In order to explore the role of government in the process of green transformation of coating industry, this paper constructs a green governance evolutionary game model of "government-manufacturing companies-application companies," and the complex interaction mechanism among the three parties is studied. Then, the evolutionary game theory is used to analyze the asymptotic stability conditions and evolutionary stability strategies of the equilibrium point of the tripartite game in the three stages of green governance in the coating industry (traditional technology-green transformation-collaborative governance). Finally, the model was verified by numerical simulation, and the influence of the changes of subjective parameters on the evolutionary game was discussed. The results show that (1) the intensity of government governance is related to the frequency of spot checks and punishment coefficients, and the evolution tends to be balanced when the intensity of governance is moderate. (2) The evolutionary trend of the game's main players' strategy selection also depends on the government's punishment. There is greater probability of green transition of manufacturing companies under punishment. (3) The green subsidy coefficient and the green degree of the product also have a greater impact on the strategic choice of the game player.Both arsenic (As) and antimony (Sb) are primary environmental contaminants that often co-exist at contaminated sites. Though the microbial community compositions of As- and Sb-contaminated sites have been previously described, the changes in microbial community interactions and community functions remain elusive. In the current study, several key metabolic processes, such as As/Sb detoxification and carbon fixation, were enriched under heavily contaminated conditions. Furthermore, the identified keystone taxa, which are associated with the families Nitrosomonadaceae, Pedosphaeraceae, Halieaceae, and Latescibacterota, demonstrated positive correlations with As and Sb concentrations, indicating that they may be resistant to As and Sb toxicities. Accordingly, arsenic resistance-related functions, along with several functions such as carbon fixation, were found to be enriched in heavily contaminated sites. The current study elucidated the key microbial populations in As- and Sb-contaminated rice terraces and may provide useful information for remediation purposes.To address climate change and promote green development, the Chinese government has implemented low-carbon city pilot policy since 2010, and continued to expand the scope of pilots. Accurately assessing the policy effects of pilot city construction is of great significance for the further promotion of low-carbon policy. Carbon emissions are included in the evaluation framework of China's low-carbon city pilot policy, and used the panel data of 272 cities in 2000-2018 to evaluate the effectiveness of low-carbon city pilot policy based on the multi-period difference-in-differences (DID) model. Empirical findings that (1) low-carbon pilot policy could not only directly reduce carbon emissions, but also indirectly reduce carbon emissions through upgrading industrial structure and promoting technological innovation. (2) Given that there is remarkable gap in economic and social development across different regions, the policy effect is reexamined for nature resource and region location. The results indicate that carbon emissions reduction effect of low-carbon city pilot policy is more significant in resource-based cities and eastern cities. (3) Carbon emissions have significant spatial correlation, that is to say, low-carbon pilot policy has positive spillover effect on reducing carbon emissions in surrounding cities. The study provides empirical evidence for further expanding the scope of the pilot projects, as well as scientific basis for making environmental policies for carbon emissions reduction.To explore the occurrence, source, and risk of 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in urban source water at the tidal reach of the Yangtze River, eighty-nine surface water samples were collected in 8 field campaigns from July 2018 to November 2019. Fifteen of 16 PAHs except for dibenz(a,h)anthracene (DBA) were found in the water. Detection frequencies were observed between 53 and 72% for PAHs with 4 rings, while most of other PAHs were less detected, e.g., benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) in 31% of samples. The total concentrations of 16 priority PAHs reached up to 2.8 µg·L-1 and increased during the tidal transitions from flood to ebb. selleckchem The average concentrations of PAHs in ebb tides were higher than those in flood tides. PAH concentrations and compositions showed great variation with different sampling campaigns, and higher levels and more components were observed in the rainy months and cold months. Those priority PAHs in the tidal water source are mainly from combustion activities (especially fossil fuel combustion), but the contribution from oil spills/leakage is also important in rainy months. High-molecular-weight PAHs in this tidal water source may pose risks to aquatic life, while they pose no carcinogenic risk to human health via ingestion of drinking water.In this study, the flower-shaped Bi2S3/g-C3N4-2.6 heterojunction obtained by solvothermal method and its photocatalytic degradation efficiency of rhodamine B (RhB) and tetracycline (TC) in aqueous solution within 40 min is as high as 98.8% and 94.6%. For RhB degradation, the photocatalytic reaction rate constant (k) of Bi2S3/g-C3N4-2.6 is approximately 1.8 and 45.5 times that of Bi2S3 and g-C3N4. For TC, k is 3.1 and 2.4 times that of Bi2S3 and g-C3N4, respectively. The key to determining the high catalytic activity of Bi2S3/g-C3N4 lies in the formation of a good heterojunction between Bi2S3 and g-C3N4, which accelerates the electron transfer rate between the heterojunction interface and effectively avoids electron-hole recombination. The effects of catalyst dosage, different pH values, inorganic anions, and capture agents on the photodegradation performance of RhB were investigated. The results show that the catalyst dosage is 1.33 g/L, and the solution pH is in the range of 5-9, which has the best removal effect on pollutants, and the isolation of holes (h+) with strong oxidizing ability promotes the collapse of pollutant molecules. Combined with electrochemical tests, a possible degradation mechanism was advised.Sustainable development and addressing climate change are among the most pressing issues faced by countries around the world. This research investigates the dynamic associations between financial inclusion, globalization and CO2 emissions of G20 nations from 2005 to 2018, considering the effects of industrial structure, corruption, green energy utilization and economic growth as control variables. In this study, both financial inclusion and globalization index were measured using principal component analysis (PCA). This study examines long-term associations using cross-sectional augmented autoregressive distributed lag (CS-ARDL) technique that offers more accurate outcomes. In addition, the VECM Granger causality method was applied to find causal relationships between study variables. Findings show that in financial inclusion, globalization has positive significant effect on carbon emissions. Moreover, corruption and economic have positive impact on carbon emissions, and renewable energy shows negative impact on environmental quality. The findings of this research are critical for achieving sustainable development and pollution control goals. Governments need to work to bring into line the financial inclusion goals with renewable energy consumption habits and environmental strategies.

To investigate the predictors of annual treatment frequency in the second year of pro re nata (PRN) intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) injections for diabetic macular edema (DME).

A retrospective study.

We reviewed 65 eyes of 60 patients with center-involved DME who received PRN IVR injections after 3 monthly loading doses. The central subfield thickness (CST) and qualitative findings were assessed on the spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) images. We then investigated whether the parameters at the baseline or at the 12-month visit were associated with treatment frequency in the second year.

The number of ranibizumab injections decreased from 6 (4-8) during the first year to 2 (0-3) during the second year (P < .001). The injection numbers during the first year (ρ = 0.259, P = .037) but not during the second year (ρ = 0.152, P = .226) were modestly related to the logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) improvement at 24 months. Multivariate analyses revealed that the CST (β = 0.336, P = .005) and hyperreflective walls in the foveal cystoid spaces (β = 0.273, P = .020) at baseline were associated with the number of IVR injections during the second year. The treatment frequency during the second year was also related to the CST (β = 0.266, P = .012), hyperreflective walls (β = 0.394, P = .002), and cumulative doses of ranibizumab injections (β = 0.294, P = .006) at the 12-month visit.

The cumulative doses of ranibizumab injections, CST, and hyperreflective walls in the foveal cystoid spaces at the 12-month visit are designated predictors of the treatment frequency of ranibizumab injections during the second year in DME.

The cumulative doses of ranibizumab injections, CST, and hyperreflective walls in the foveal cystoid spaces at the 12-month visit are designated predictors of the treatment frequency of ranibizumab injections during the second year in DME.

To observe the features and changes in peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness in highly myopic ocular hypertension (HM-OHT) patients.

Prospective observation study.

Individuals who met the inclusion criteria were recruited into three groups the healthy high myopia (HM), non-highly myopic ocular hypertension (OHT) and HM-OHT group. The spherical equivalent refraction, axial length, intraocular pressure, central corneal thickness and pRNFL thickness were collected and compared between groups. The OHT and HM-OHT group were followed up for 12 months. The changes in pRNFL thickness across the follow-up times were analyzed.

The study included 92 subjects. The mean pRNFL thicknesses were 102.5 ± 11.1μm in the HM (31 people), 101.9 ± 11.7μm in the OHT (34 people) and 102.2 ± 12.0μm in the HM-OHT group (27 people). There was no statistical difference in the mean pRNFL thickness among the three groups. The HM-HOT group and HM group had thicker temporal sectoral (p < 0.05) pRNFL thickness and thinner superior sectoral (p = 0.015) pRNFL thickness than the OHT group. During the 12-month follow-up, the mean pRNFL thickness of the HM OHT group decreased, with an annual reduction of -0.93 ± 0.14μm. There was a significant difference across the three visits (p < 0.05), while there were no significant differences in the OHT group (p = 0.591).

After ocular magnification correction, the HM-OHT group did not have thinner pRNFL thickness than the other two groups. However, the thickness decreased significantly over time.

After ocular magnification correction, the HM-OHT group did not have thinner pRNFL thickness than the other two groups. However, the thickness decreased significantly over time.