Bennetsenmiller0800

Lithium showed a 42% lower risk for suicide mortality compared to valproic acid (HR 0.58, 95% CI 0.39-0.86, p=0.007). Hypnotics were associated with a significantly (HR 1.52, 95%CI 1.22-1.90, p=0.0002) higher risk of suicide.

Only hospitalized patients were included.

Lithium should be considered as treatment of choice for patients with bipolar disorder who are at high risk for suicide. Hypnotic use among suicidal patients indicates need for close monitoring of these patients.

Lithium should be considered as treatment of choice for patients with bipolar disorder who are at high risk for suicide. Hypnotic use among suicidal patients indicates need for close monitoring of these patients.

The progression of Parkinson's disease (PD) can often exacerbate symptoms of depression, anxiety, and/or cognitive impairment. In this study, we explore the possibility that multiple brain network responses are associated with symptoms of depression, anxiety and cognitive impairment in PD. This association is likely to provide insights into a single multivariate relationship, where common affective symptoms occurring in PD cohorts are related with alterations to electrophysiological response.

70 PD patients and 21 healthy age-matched controls (HC) participated in a high-density electroencephalography (EEG) study. Functional connectivity differences between PD and HC groups of oscillatory activity at rest and during completion of an emotion-cognition task were examined to identify key brain oscillatory activities. A canonical correlation analysis (CCA) was applied to identify a putative multivariate relationship between connectivity patterns and affective symptoms in PD groups.

A CCA analysis identified ciations in PD with electrophysiological task paradigms.

To measure prevalence and risk factors of poor mental health, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempt among transgender women in Jiangsu province, China.

We surveyed 250 transgender women with mean age of 27.9 years from July 2018 to May 2019 in Jiangsu province, China. Logistic regression analysis characterized risk factors for mental health, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempt.

Many transgender women experienced discrimination, including verbal abuse (56.0%), physical abuse (32.0%), and sexual violence (32.0%) during their lifetime. Classification by the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale found 32.4%% to be in good mental health, while 24.0%, 16.8%, and 26.8% had mild, moderate, and severe psychological distress respectively. In multivariable logistic regression, severe psychological distress was correlated with bisexual orientation (vs. gay/lesbian, aOR=2.9, 95%CI=1.5-5.8), being unsure of sexual orientation (vs. gay/lesbian, aOR=4.7, 95%CI=1.8-12.8), experience of verbal abuse (aOR=1.8, 95%CI=1.eveloped to mitigate transphobic discrimination among transgender women in China.

A crucial health issue is to understand the remission heterogeneity of Bipolar Disorders by considering symptomatology as well as functioning. A new perspective could be elements of the construction of individual identity. This exploratory study aimed to explore the remission heterogeneity of patients with BD in terms of Early Maladaptive Schemas (EMS) by preferring a person-oriented approach.

This study included euthymic patients recruited into the FACE-BD cohort. The remission was assessed by the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale and the Young Mania Rating Scale for its symptomatic dimension and by the Functioning Assessment Short Test for its functional dimension. The activation of the eighteen EMS was assessed by the Young Schema Questionnaire 3 Short Form. Clustering was performed to identify profiles according to the patients' remission. Clusters identified were compared on the EMS activation by using analysis of variance and post-hoc tests.

Among the 100 euthymic patients included, four profiles of remission were identified cluster 1 "Global Remission" (34%), cluster 2 "Hypomanic residual" (20%), cluster 3 "Depressive residual and functional impairment" (36%) and cluster 4 "Global handicap" (10%). Two out of three EMS discriminated against these profiles. The activation of specific EMS clarifies the singularity of each remission profile.

For the symptomatic dimension, cut-offs chosen could be discussed as well as the scale assessing residual depressive symptoms.

This study participates in a comprehensive model of remission by integrating the symptomatology, the functioning, and the EMS. Identifying and treating EMS may improve patients remission to reach recovery.

This study participates in a comprehensive model of remission by integrating the symptomatology, the functioning, and the EMS. Identifying and treating EMS may improve patients remission to reach recovery.

The Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CES-D) scale is a widely used measure of depressive symptoms, but its construct validity has not been adequately assessed in sub-Saharan Africa. This study validates the CES-D among an aging Shangaan-speaking and predominantly Black African sample in rural South Africa, with a special emphasis on gender differences.

An 8-item CES-D scale was administered in Shangaan to 5059 respondents, aged 40+ years, residing in Agincourt, South Africa. We used Cronbach's alpha and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis to examine and confirm dimensionality of the CES-D scale. Differential endorsement of CES-D items by gender were assessed using the Mantel-Haenszel (MH) odds ratio test.

Reliability of the CES-D scale differed by gender with women reporting higher internal consistency on items than men. A two-factor solution was retained and confirmed representing two latent factors (1) Negative Affect (six items) and (2) Diminished Positive Affect (two items). MH rements.

Strict confinement and social distancing measures have been imposed due to the COVID-19 pandemic in many countries. The aim was to assess the temporal evolution of the psychological impact of the COVID-19 crisis and lockdown from two surveys, separated by one month, performed in Spain.

Symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress, and the psychological impact of the situation were longitudinally analyzed using the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and the Impact of Event Scale (IES) respectively.

There was a total of 4,724 responses from both surveys. Symptomatic scores of anxiety, depression and stress were exhibited by 37.22%, 46.42% and 49.66% of the second survey respondents, showing a significant increase compared to the first survey (32.45%, 44.11% and 37.01%, respectively). There was no significant longitudinal change of the IES scores, with 48.30% of the second survey participants showing moderate to severe impact of the confinement. Constant news consumption about COVID-19 was found to be positively associated with symptomatic scores in the different scales, and daily physical activity to be negatively associated with DASS-21 scores.

Results indicated a temporal increase of anxiety, depression and stress scores during the COVID-19 lockdown. Factors such as age, consumption of information about COVID-19 and physical activity seem to have an important impact on the evolution of psychological symptoms.

Results indicated a temporal increase of anxiety, depression and stress scores during the COVID-19 lockdown. Factors such as age, consumption of information about COVID-19 and physical activity seem to have an important impact on the evolution of psychological symptoms.

Sub-anaesthetic administration of ketamine is an emerging practice in patients presenting treatment resistant depression (TRD), however several outstanding questions have yet to be answered.

To evaluate the effect of intravenous ketamine infusion for patients presenting TRD on depression scores, clinical remission and response rates, and to assess its efficacy over both time and frequency.

Five databases were searched up to January 4

2019 to include primary studies evaluating the use of sub-anaesthetic dose of ketamine in adults presenting TRD. Two reviewers independently performed the study selection, quality assessment and data extraction. Results were summarised in a narrative synthesis. A meta-analysis using a random effects model was performed when possible to examine changes in standardized mean differences and odds ratios of outcome measures at 4 hours, 24 hours, or 7 days post-infusion.

Twenty-eight studies in 35 publications were included. A strong ketamine effect was observed within 4 hours following a single infusion, and peaked at 24 hours. Ketamine's effectiveness was still present, yet somewhat diminished, 7 days post-infusion. Multiple infusions resulted in an enhanced and prolonged ketamine effect.

Due to insufficient data, long-term safety and efficacy of ketamine utilisation in patients presenting TRD are yet to be investigated.

Results provide support for the use of ketamine in the rapid management of depressive symptoms. While ketamine appears promising in the short-term treatment of TRD, more clinical and experimental data is needed with regards to the efficacy, tolerance and security of long-term administration of ketamine.

Results provide support for the use of ketamine in the rapid management of depressive symptoms. While ketamine appears promising in the short-term treatment of TRD, more clinical and experimental data is needed with regards to the efficacy, tolerance and security of long-term administration of ketamine.

Physical activity (PA) during adolescence is associated with a wide range of health benefits, including lower levels of internalizing and externalizing problems. TGF-beta activation Although the association between PA and mental health has been established, there are few prospective studies investigating if the association between PA and internalizing/externalizing symptoms remains after adjustment for the baseline occurrence of such symptoms, and those exploring any sex-specific pattern of the association.

Swedish adolescents (N=1428; mean age=14.38 years) were assessed and followed up 3 years later. Self-reported data were collected for PA (recoded as low, moderate and high levels), internalizing (depression and anxiety) and externalizing (attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and disruptive behaviours) symptoms. A full path analysis was used to determine the main and interaction effects of PA and sex on internalizing/externalizing symptoms 3 years later, adjusting for these symptoms at baseline.

Higher levels of PA were correlated with lower internalizing/externalizing symptoms. In the full path analysis, PA during early adolescence predicted lower levels of depressive symptoms, but not anxiety or externalizing problems, 3 years later. A sex-specific effect of PA on depressive symptoms was found, wherein boys, but not girls, with high levels of PA showed reduced symptoms.

Including parental ratings, diagnostic assessments and objective measures of PA would have provided additional information to the study.

Low levels of PA during early adolescence are a unique predictor for the development of depressive symptoms among boys. PA should be considered when discussing prevention and treatment for depression in adolescents.

Low levels of PA during early adolescence are a unique predictor for the development of depressive symptoms among boys. PA should be considered when discussing prevention and treatment for depression in adolescents.