Markswalker3244

Objective To explore the mediating effect of physical activity on association between sedentary leisure-time and obesity indexes among hypertensive individuals. Methods After excluding of those with a prior history of heart disease, stroke and cancer, a total of 20 178 hypertensive participants in the China Kadooire Biobank (CKB) study from Wuzhong district of Suzhou city were included. Mediating effect analysis was used to analyze the mediating effect of physical activity (PA) on correlation between sedentary leisure-time and body fat percentage (BFP), waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI). Results After adjusted for age, gender, smoking status, alcohol consumption, education levels, intake frequencies of meat and intake frequencies of fresh fruit, sedentary leisure-time (SLT) was negatively correlated with PA (β=-0.246, P less then 0.001), but positively associated with BFP (β=0.061, P less then 0.001), WC (β=0.087, P less then 0.001) and BMI (β=0.071, P less then 0.001). After including the mediator variable PA, the direct effect of SLT on obesity index was still significant. PA was negatively correlated with BFP, WC and BMI (β=-0.052, -0.083 and -0.028, respectively, P less then 0.001). Analysis of mediating effect indicated that the association of SLT with BFP, WC and BMI were partly mediated by PA, the proportion of mediating effect was 20.820%, 23.421% and 9.915%. Stratified by gender, PA had mediating effect on SLT and all obesity indexes in women, while only on SLT and BFP and WC in men. Conclusions There is a significant mediating effect of PA on correlation between SLT and obesity indexes among hypertensive individuals. Hypertensive patients should increase the level of physical activity and reduce sedentary behavior to achieve a profounder healthy effect.Objective To analyze the relationship between infection and transmission of HIV/AIDS, explore the characteristics of the HIV-1 transmission network, and provide evidence for formulating targeted prevention and control measures. Methods The newly confirmed HIV/AIDS in Jiaxing from 2017 to 2018 were selected for the study. The sociodemographic and infection transmission-related information was gathered. The blood samples were collected and RNA was extracted, RT-PCR and nested PCR amplified the pol gene of HIV-1. The phylogenetic tree was constructed by Mega 6.0 software for subtype analysis. The genetic distance between strains was calculated, and the molecular transmission network was drawn by using Cytoscape 3.6.0 software. The results of the epidemiological study based on the molecular transmission network were analyzed. Results There were fifteen HIV-1 gene subtypes in 517 cases of HIV/AIDS. The main subtypes were CRF01_AE (37.1%)、CRF07_BC (36.2%) and CRF08_BC (11.8%). Under the 1.0% gene distance threshold behavior was from 2010 to 2018, and the median number of gay partners was 20 (P25, P75：10, 100) within two years before being diagnosed. Six reported a recent history of looking for gay partners in an MSM dating place in Nanhu district. Conclusions The HIV-1 subtypes of newly confirmed HIV/AIDS were diverse, mainly sporadic in Jiaxing from 2017 to 2018. There were geographical aggregation characteristics and suspected some high-risk transmission cases, suggesting that rapid transmission and targeted intensive intervention are needed.Objective To identify the characteristics and influencing factors of local HIV infection among newly confirmed cases in Ningbo from 2017 to 2020 to provide evidence for traceability investigations on critical cases and facilitate the detection procedures and reduce new HIV infection. Methods From January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2020, the newly confirmed HIV/AIDS in Ningbo were recruited. An epidemiological questionnaire was used to collect relevant information, including demography, sexual behaviors, results of HIV antibody tests, and the route of HIV transmission. According to the HIV testing, history of risk behaviors, and the level of CD4+ lymphocytes after confirmation, the HIV infection was acquired in the previous year, or the place was in Ningbo. The EpiData 3.1 and SPSS 23.0 software were used for input, sorting database and statistical analysis. Results A total of 2 044 HIV/AIDS on-site investigations were completed. The average age of the subjects was (40.6±15.3) years old, including 1 684 males (8IV infection. Traceability investigations and internet intervention should be carried out for MSM. While male social software should be focused on identifying and controlling the risk of local newly HIV infection.Objective To investigate the relationship between HIV-infected men who have sex with men and their sexual partners in Zhejiang province. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted to recruit newly confirmed HIV/AIDS among MSM from 2015 to 2017, including sexual partner identification and molecular epidemiological study. Plasma was collected to extract RNA, and the pol gene of HIV-1 was amplified by RT-PCR/nested PCR. Phylogenetic tree and molecular transmission cluster were analyzed to identify the transmission relationship between sexual partners. Results A total of 937 HIV/AIDS among MSM were recruited to promote HIV testing for their sexual partners, and 173 positive sexual partners were identified. 50.8% (61/120) of the gene sequences were clustered among the positive sex partners. Seven pairs of clustered sex partners combined with the results of recent infection preliminarily determined the transmission direction. In the clusters, there were statistical differences between the partners who were diagnosed in the same year (OR=12.190, 95%CI 1.563-95.054) or with current residence in the different districts (OR=17.054, 95%CI 1.742-166.982). Conclusions Combined with a molecular transmission network, HIV test for the sexual partners of HIV/AIDS among MSM can improve the accurate tracking of cases and preliminarily determine the direction of transmission, according to the results of recent infection. It is suggested that after HIV is confirmed for HIV/AIDS among MSM, HIV tests should be carried out as soon as possible for their sexual partners, including a cross-regional sexual partner tracking test, which is helpful to improve the tracing procedure.Objective To investigate the situation related to HIV infection and influencing factors of traceability efficiency among sex partners of HIV positive men who have sex with men (MSM). Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted to investigate the traceability among sex partners of HIV-positive MSM in Ningbo from 2018 to 2020. Limiting-antigen avidity enzyme immunoassay determined recent HIV infection. The classified data was evaluated by chi-square test, and factors of traceability efficiency were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression. Results A total of 374 newly confirmed HIV-positive MSM were recruited to participate in the HIV test in Ningbo from 2018 to 2020.HIV positive rate of sex partner was 15.7% (75/479,95%CI12.4%-18.9%). HIV positive rates of sex partner of recent HIV infection MSM was 31.8% (21/66,95%CI20.3%-43.4%). The proportion of newly confirmed HIV-positive sex partners of recent HIV infection MSM (76.2%) was higher than that of long-term HIV infection MSM (48.1%). The difference was statistically significant (P=0.028). Results from the multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that HIV traceability efficiency was higher in the following subpopulations as; HIV positive MSM who were 36-45 years old (compared with 18-25 years old, OR=3.973,95%CI1.364-11.569), HIV active detection (compared with HIV passive detection, OR=1.896, 95%CI1.083-3.319), recent HIV infection MSM (compared with long-term HIV infection MSM, OR=3.733, 95%CI1.844-7.556). Conclusions HIV positive rate among partners of HIV positive MSM was very high. The traceability efficiency, which was recent HIV infection MSM and HIV active detection, was high. It is suggested to strengthen the traceability and focus on the newly confirmed HIV-positive MSM in VCT clinics.The current sexual transmission of newly infected HIV cases is complicated in China. It is crucial for interrupting HIV transmission by HIV tracing and molecular network analysis,conducting early detection and precise prevention among HIV-positive individuals. The articles in this issue focused on the global situation of HIV tracing, and molecular network analysis in promoting accurate detection and prevention of AIDS started from analyzing the reported epidemiological characteristics of HIV/AIDS in Ningbo city from 2017 to 2020. Relations of HIV transmission between HIV positive individuals and sex partners by tracing investigation were also, analyzed. Data on HIV transmission mode by combining social and molecular networks were gathered to provide evidence for applied research on precise detection, prevention, and control of AIDS.Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of three local COVID-19 epidemics in Guangzhou and provide reference for optimizing strategies and measures of COVID-19 prevention and control. Methods The data of local COVID-19 cases in Guangzhou reported as of June 18, 2021 were collected from National Notifiable Disease Report System of China. The software Excel 2019 and SPSS 22.0 were applied for data cleaning and statistical analysis. Results A total of 726 COVID-19 cases were reported in the three local epidemics in Guangzhou. In the epidemic associated with the outbreak of COVID-19 in Hubei province, 366 cases were reported. Most cases were female (51.6%, 189/366), aged 18-65 years (81.4%, 298/366), jobless/unemployed (32.2%, 118/366) and retired persons (20.2%,74/366). The initial symptoms of most cases were fever (71.6%, 250/349) and cough (60.7%, 212/349). check details In the epidemic associated with the imported COVID-19 cases from Africa, 207 cases were reported. Most cases were aged 18-40 years (72.ID-19 epidemics (all P less then 0.05). In the proportion of the case finding way, passive detection in patient treatment were mainly 44.3%(162/366) in the epidemic associated with the outbreak of COVID-19 in Hubei province,but active community case screening [58.5% (121/207) and 27.5% (24/153)] and close contact management in imported case were mostly [33.3% (69/207) and 67.3% (103/153)] in the epidemic associated with the imported COVID-19 cases from Africa and with Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2, respectively. Conclusions Due to the different sources of infection, strain types and prevention and control strategies, the epidemiological characteristics of the three local COVID-19 epidemics in Guangzhou differed in demographics, clinical symptoms, transmission routes and case finding, which suggested that it is necessary to improve the key population and common symptom monitoring in the routine prevention and control of COVID-19 to prevent the reemerge of the epidemic.Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of imported COVID-19 cases in Tianjin, and provide references for risk assessment and control of imported COVID-19 cases. Methods The information of imported COVID-19 cases were obtained from National Notifiable Disease Report System of China CDC. The data of imported COVID-19 cases reported from Tianjin airport and epidemiological surveys by CDCs at all levels from March 15, 2020 to August 31, 2021 were collected and analyzed by using software Excel 2010, SPSS 25.0 and R. Results From March 15, 2020 to August 31, 2021, a total of 606 imported cases of COVID-19 were reported in Tianjin, in which 552 cases were finally included in the analysis. The male to female ratio of the cases was 1.8∶1, the age of the cases ranged from 3 to 77 years, and the cases were mainly reported in age group 20-39 years (59.8%). The areas where the imported case sojourned within 14 days included Europe (242 cases, 43.8%), Africa (139 cases, 25.2%), Americas (85 cases, 15.4%) and Asia (86 cases, 15.