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he combination of harmless doses of ibuprofen and acid demonstrated that even low acidic conditions can create a disruptive environment.

The course of hepatitis C disease has changed with the use of direct-acting antiviral drugs in the treatment of the disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the real-life efficacy and safety of the sofosbuvir/ledipasvir drug regimen in the treatment of patients with genotype 1b.

Treatment-naive or -experienced 49 genotypes 1b patients treated with sofosbuvir/ledipasvir participated in the study. Laboratory and hepatitis C virus RNA values were evaluated at baseline, week 12, and week 24 of treatment (36th week for those who received 24 weeks of treatment).

The sustained virologic response rate was 100% in patients who completed treatment. At the end of the study, there was a significant decrease in alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, and alpha-fetoprotein levels (P = .000014, P = .000581, P = .000012, and P = .000821), respectively. Renal function tests (creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate) worsened (P = .003 and P = .007, respectively). Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was developed in 2 patients during post-treatment follow-up. In Kaplan-Meier analysis, the probability of not developing HCC was 86.5% at 26 months.

The sofosbuvir/ledipasvir combination is effective in treating genotype 1b chronic hepatitis C with high sustained virologic response rates. Because there are few drug interactions, it may be a suitable option for patients taking multiple medications or who are transplant recipients. Renal function should be monitored closely during and after treatment, as there is a risk of worsening renal function after treatment.

The sofosbuvir/ledipasvir combination is effective in treating genotype 1b chronic hepatitis C with high sustained virologic response rates. Because there are few drug interactions, it may be a suitable option for patients taking multiple medications or who are transplant recipients. Renal function should be monitored closely during and after treatment, as there is a risk of worsening renal function after treatment.

Fibroblast growth factor 21 is a peptide primarily secreted by the liver in response to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α activation which plays an important role in regulating carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. This study investigated the association between fibroblast growth factor 21 and prediabetes in obese patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in adult population.

A total of 85 obese non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients without (n = 49) and with prediabetes (n = 36) were included. Serum fibroblast growth factor 21 levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Higher fibroblast growth factor 21 serum levels were observed in patients with prediabetes, metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance. There were significant correlations between fibroblast growth factor 21 and waist-to-stature ratio, visceral adiposity index, triglycerides, very low-density lipoproteins, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index, and Stumvoll index of insulin sensitivity. Fibroblast growth factor 21 level ≥320 pg/mL was associated with a 4.2-fold higher risk of prediabetes and ≥270 pg/mL for metabolic syndrome approximately 4 times.

Fibroblast growth factor 21 is associated with increased risk for prediabetes, metabolic syndrome, and insulin resistance in obese patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Fibroblast growth factor 21 is associated with increased risk for prediabetes, metabolic syndrome, and insulin resistance in obese patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

The number of times that an article is cited could reflect its impact. This study aims to recognize and analyze the characteristics of the most frequently cited articles in the field of colorectal diseases.

We identified the 100 most-cited articles using the terms "colorectal," "colon," "rectal," "IBD," "ulcerative colitis," "Crohn's disease," or "colonoscopy" in Web of Science. The articles were analyzed to evaluate the characteristics, including the number of citations, country of origin, the institution of origin based on the first author's affiliation, study type, and others.

Of the top-cited publications, the number of citations ranged from 1575 to 9283, with a mean of 2504.11 citations. The journal with the greatest number of most-cited articles was the New England Journal of Medicine (n = 23), followed by Science (n = 14) and Nature (n = 12). These papers were published in 14 different countries, of which more than half were from the United States (n = 60). The most popular field was colorectal cancer (n = 45), followed by colon tumors (n = 21). Most of the papers were basic science studies (n = 43) and randomized controlled trials (n = 30). Regarding the level of evidence, there were 5 studies at level I, 29 at level II, and 5, 1, and 15 studies at levels III, IV, and V, respectively.

Our study could provide a historical perspective on scientific progress in the field of colorectal diseases. These 100 mostcited articles are of great significance for helping researchers understand this field over time.

Our study could provide a historical perspective on scientific progress in the field of colorectal diseases. These 100 mostcited articles are of great significance for helping researchers understand this field over time.

Serum pepsinogen, a useful indicator of gastric acidity, could reflect small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between small intestinal bacterial overgrowth and profiles including pepsinogen or gastrin.

We conducted a prospective study with 62 patients with a functional gastrointestinal disorder. All patients underwent glucose breath test for small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, immediately followed by upper endoscopy to survey gastric injury and Campylobacter-like organism test for Helicobacter pylori and serum laboratory tests including gastrin, pepsinogen I and II.

The positivity to small intestinal bacterial overgrowth was 17.7%. Significantly, low total hydrogen concentration during a glucose breath test, low prevalence for gastric injury, and high H. pylori positivity rate were shown in groups with pepsinogen I/II ratio ≤ 3.5 compared to those with pepsinogen I/II ratio > 3.5 or in groups with serum gastrin > 35.4 pg/mL comparing to thosnal disorder patients. Although pepsinogen and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth seem irrelevant, elevated gastrin level may cautiously indicate a decreased breath hydrogen concentration. Further studies should consider the function of intestinal motility and gastric acidity in patients with hydrogen-producing small intestinal bacterial overgrowth.

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus was found to have effects not only in the lungs but also in many different organs. We aimed to evaluate the management of our patients with inflammatory bowel disease in this pandemic, the incidence of coronavirus disease 2019 in terms of clinical, medical treatment, and features of inflammatory bowel disease, and to investigate the effects of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 on this particular group of patients.

During the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, 207 patients who had inflammatory bowel disease for at least 6 months were questioned for coronavirus disease 2019 at their outpatient clinic admissions, and their medical records were evaluated prospectively.

Of the 207 patients, 146 had Crohn's disease. The mean disease duration was determined as 118.15 ± 72.85 months. Of the patients, 127 (61.4%) were using mesalazine, 110 (53.1%) azathioprine, and 148 (71.5%) biological agents. see more It was found that 66 (31.9%) patients chan pandemic. Coronavirus disease 2019 infection does not progress with poor prognosis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease who receive immunosuppressive therapy including biological agents.

The incidence of coronavirus disease 2019 infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease was not different from the general population during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic. Coronavirus disease 2019 infection does not progress with poor prognosis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease who receive immunosuppressive therapy including biological agents.Since numerous studies have stated that there may be a relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and because of the high prevalence of both conditions worldwide, this study investigated the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients infected with H. pylori. Following a systematic review of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Embase, and a search in Google Scholar using MeSH terms such as H. pylori and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, the relevant papers up to November 2020 were reviewed. All cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies that examined the risk of developing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients infected with H. pylori entered this study. A meta-analysis was conducted in STATA 11. This systematic review examined 22 papers with 117 117 participants (33 711 patients infected with H. pylori and 83 406 participants as control) and 20 studies were subjected to meta-analysis The results indicated a 22% to 27% increase in the risk of developing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients infected with H. pylori (crude odds ratio 1.27, 95% CI 1.17-1.33; and adjusted odds ratio 1.22, 95% CI 1.09-1.35). According to the subgroup analysis, the study region, sample size, and the method of diagnosing H. pylori were the factors contributing to the high heterogeneity. The meta-analysis revealed the increased risk of developing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients infected with H. pylori. This indicates that H. pylori is a serious risk factor in patients susceptible to NAFLD.

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are a first-line treatment for EoE, but data are limited concerning response durability. We aimed to determine long-term outcomes in EoE patients responsive to PPI-therapy.

We conducted a retrospective cohort study of newly diagnosed adults with EoE who had initial histologic response (<15 eosinophils per high-power-field) to PPI-only therapy. We extracted data regarding their subsequent clinical course and outcomes. We compared findings between the initial PPI-response endoscopy and the final endoscopy, and assessed factors associated with loss of PPI response.

Of 138 EoE patients with initial histologic response to PPI, 50 had long-term endoscopic follow-up, 40 had clinical follow-up, 10 changed treatments, and 38 had no long-term follow-up. Of those with endoscopic follow-up, mean follow-up-time was 3.6±2.9 years; 30 and 32 patients (60%; 64%) maintained histologic and symptom responses, respectively. However, fibrotic endoscopic findings of EoE were unchanged. Younger age (aOR 1.05, 95% CI 1.01-1.11) and dilation prior to PPI treatment (aOR 0.21, 95% CI 0.05-0.83) were the only factors associated with long-term loss of PPI response.

Long-term histologic and clinical response rates for PPI therapy were 60% and 64%, respectively. Younger age and dilation at baseline were associated with histologic loss of response. These data can inform long-term EoE treatment selection.

Long-term histologic and clinical response rates for PPI therapy were 60% and 64%, respectively. Younger age and dilation at baseline were associated with histologic loss of response. These data can inform long-term EoE treatment selection.