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treated with apixaban or dalteparin for cancer-associated VTE.

In view of the potential gravity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection for patients with cancer, epidemiological data are vital to assess virus circulation among patients and staff of cancer centres. We performed a prospective study to investigate seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among staff and patients with cancer at a large cancer centre, at the end of the period of first national lockdown in Franceand to determine factors associated with the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

After the first lockdown, all medical and non-medical staff, as well as all patients attending the medical oncology department were invited to undergo serological testing for SARS-CoV-2 between 11 May and 30 June 2020. All participants were also invited to complete a questionnaire collecting data about their living and working conditions, and for patients, medical management during lockdown.

A total of 1,674 subjects (663 staff members, 1011 patients) were included. Seroprevalence was low ie, personal protection, and social distancing measures were implemented.Several global efforts are underway to develop COVID-19 vaccines, and interim analyses from phase 3 clinical testing have been announced by nine organisations Pfizer, the Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moderna, AstraZeneca, Sinopharm Group, Sinovac Biotech, Johnson & Johnson, Novavax, and CanSino Biologics. The US programme known as Operation Warp Speed provided US$18 billion in funding for development of vaccines that were intended for US populations. Depending on safety and efficacy, vaccines can become available through mechanisms for emergency use, expanded access with informed consent, or full licensure. An important question is how will these Operation Warp Speed vaccines be used for COVID-19 prevention in global health settings? We address some key questions that arise in the transition from US to global vaccine prevention efforts and from ethical and logistical issues to those that are relevant to global vaccine security, justice, equity, and diplomacy.

Furmonertinib (AST2818) is a third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) targeting both sensitising EGFR and EGFR Thr790Met (T790M) mutations. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of furmonertinib in patients with EGFR T790M mutated advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

This study was a single-arm, open-label, phase 2b study at 46 hospitals across mainland China. Patients with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC with centrally confirmed EGFR T790M mutations in tumour tissue who progressed after first or second generation EGFR TKIs or with primary EGFR T790M mutations received furmonertinib 80 mg orally once daily. The primary endpoint was objective response rate. Efficacy was assessed by blinded independent central review as per the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (version 1.1) in all patients who had measurable disease at baseline and received at least one dose of furmonertinib. Safety was assessed as per the Common Terminoloemia, and pericardial effusion (three each; 1%). Treatment-related diarrhoea was reported in ten (5%) patients and rashes were reported in 16 (7%) patients, all grade 1-2. Serious adverse events were reported in 52 (24%) patients, of which 12 (5%) were possibly treatment-related as evaluated by the investigator.

Furmonertinib has promising efficacy and an acceptable safety profile for the treatment of patients with EGFR T790M mutated NSCLC. Pitavastatin inhibitor Furmonertinib is expected to become a new treatment option after first or second generation EGFR TKIs in the Chinese population.

Shanghai Allist Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China, and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.

For the Chinese translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.

For the Chinese translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.Aminoglycoside antibiotics are widely employed clinically due to their powerful bactericidal activities, less bacterial resistance compared to beta lactam group and low cost. However, their use has been limited in recent years due to their potential induction of nephrotoxicity. Here we investigate the possibility of reversing nephrotoxicity caused by gentamicin in rat models by using ethanolic crude extract of the medicinal plant Jatropha Mollissima. Nephrotoxic male Wistar rats was obtained by gentamicin antibiotic, which then treated with two doses of J. mollissima crude extract for 3 weeks with monitoring their parameter in weekly base. Our results indicate that J. mollissima crude extract at both doses has strong protection ability against gentamicin nephrotoxicity, most of tested parameters backed to normal values after few days from the administration of the crude extract, which could be due to the antagonized the biochemical action of gentamicin on the proximal tubules of the kidney. The results of histopathologic analysis showed observable improvement in J. mollissima treated groups compared with untreated groups. Our findings suggests the J. mollissima has exceptional nephron protection potentials able to reverse the nephrotoxicity caused by gentamicin antibiotic.

People who inject drugs (PWID) are at increased risk for HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and also have high levels of homelessness and unstable housing. We assessed whether homelessness or unstable housing is associated with an increased risk of HIV or HCV acquisition among PWID compared with PWID who are not homeless or are stably housed.

In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we updated an existing database of HIV and HCV incidence studies published between Jan 1, 2000, and June 13, 2017. Using the same strategy as for this existing database, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, and PsycINFO for studies, including conference abstracts, published between June 13, 2017, and Sept 14, 2020, that estimated HIV or HCV incidence, or both, among community-recruited PWID. We only included studies reporting original results without restrictions to study design or language. We contacted authors of studies that reported HIV or HCV incidence, or both, but did not report on an association with homelessness ors).

Homelessness and unstable housing are associated with increased risk of HIV and HCV acquisition among PWID. Our findings support the development of interventions that simultaneously address homelessness and unstable housing and HIV and HCV transmission in this population.

National Institute for Health Research, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, and Commonwealth Scholarship Commission.

National Institute for Health Research, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, and Commonwealth Scholarship Commission.ObjectivesThis study explored whether consumer experience report (CER) data from residential aged care services (RACSs) could be combined into a general factor and determined whether poor experience in RACSs could be predicted by known resident or home characteristics or sampling procedures.MethodsCER data collected by structured interviews in 2018 and early 2019 were analysed using structural equation modelling and linear regression analysis.ResultsData were available from 17194 interviews undertaken at 1159 RACSs. link2 The 10 CER items loaded onto two independent factors. link3 Bifactorial modelling indicated that items could be combined into a general factor. Controlling for state or territory, consumer experience was best predicted by home size those in large facilities reported poorer experience than those in smaller facilities. Other significant negative predictors with small effect sizes included not being independently mobile, being male and not being randomly selected. Dementia did not predict total CER score.Cic groups, such as men and people with mobility issues.Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is characterized by alveolar simplification, airway hyperreactivity and pulmonary hypertension. In our BPD model, we have investigated the metabolism of the bronchodilator and pulmonary vasodilator S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO). We have shown the GSNO catabolic enzyme encoded by adh5, GSNO reductase, is epigenetically upregulated in hyperoxia. Here, we investigate the distribution of GSNO reductase expression in human BPD and create an animal model which recapitulates the human data. Blinded comparisons of GSNO reductase protein expression were performed in human lung tissues from infants and children with and without BPD. BPD phenotypes were evaluated in global (adh5-/-) and conditional smooth muscle (SM/adh5-/-) adh5 knockout mice. GSNO reductase was prominently expressed in the airways and vessels of human BPD subjects. Compared to controls, expression was greater in BPD smooth muscle, particularly in vascular smooth muscle (2.4-fold, p=0.003). The BPD mouse model of neonatal hyperoxia caused significant alveolar simplification, airway hyperreactivity, and right ventricular and vessel hypertrophy. Global adh5-/- mice were protected from all three aspects of BPD, whereas SM/adh5-/- mice were only protected from pulmonary hypertensive changes. These data suggest ADH5 is required for the development of BPD. Expression in the pulmonary vasculature is relevant to the pathophysiology of BPD-associated pulmonary hypertension. GSNO-mimetic agents or GSNO reductase inhibitors, both of which are currently in clinical trials for other conditions, could be considered for further study in BPD.Background Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is associated with thiamine deficiency and Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome (WKS). Thiamine supplementation for the prevention of WKS in patients with suspected AUD in the Emergency Department (ED) is generally recommended. As alcohol-related diagnoses are frequent reasons for visits to EDs, ED thiamine prescribing practices are relevant to the overall management and prevention of WKS in patients with AUD.Objective To determine the prescription rates of thiamine to patients with alcohol-related diagnoses in the ED.Methods This was a retrospective chart review conducted at two New York City urban teaching hospitals from January 1 to December 31, 2017. All patients 18 years or older who were given an alcohol-related diagnosis (all F10 ICD-10-CM codes) upon disposition were included. Collected data included details of thiamine prescribing practices, patient demographics and patient disposition.Results A total of 7,529 patient visits with an alcohol-related diagnosis were identified. The overall median age of included patients was 44; 5747 (76.3%) patient visits were by men; 310 (4.1%) patient visits resulted in admission. Out of all patient visits, thiamine was ordered during 167 (2.2%) visits, with thiamine administered parenterally during 129 (77.2%) visits and orally in 38 (22.8%) visits. Out of patient visits specifically associated with an F10.2 (Alcohol Dependence) diagnosis, thiamine was ordered during 105 (17.8%) visits.Conclusion We found a very low rate of thiamine prescribing during patient visits associated with alcohol-related diagnoses. This may be a missed opportunity to reduce morbidity and mortality among AUD ED patients.