Abildgaardkramer6058

More than half of the species were previously observed not only from marine, but also from freshwater habitats. The parameters of the species accumulation curve indicate that our species list obtained for the Curacao study sites is far from complete, and each new sample should yield new species.Amoebae of the order Vannellida (Amoebozoa, Discosea) have a fairly recognizable spatulate, fan-shaped or semi-circular outlines and a wide area of frontal hyaloplasm. They can be easily distinguished from the other groups of lobose amoebae even by light microscopy. The dorsal side of these amoebae is usually smooth and rarely bears ridges or folds, which are never numerous or regular. We have isolated an unusual species of vannellid amoebae, called Vannella primoblina n. read more sp. from a terrestrial substrate. It has well-developed dorsal relief consisting of regularly appearing folds and ridges. This amoeba superficially resembles members of the genus Thecamoeba. However, molecular analysis showed that this strain belongs to the genus Vannella. link2 This finding indicates that dorsal folds may also be a characteristic of some species of vannellid amoebae and probably are a functional detail of the cell morphology rather than an apomorphy of Thecamoebida lineage. Overall outlines of the cell and the presence of the expanded frontal hyaline area remains the most reliable characters used to differentiate vannellid amoebae from other gymnamoebae lineages.The morphology and ontogenesis of two new hypotrich ciliates, Hemiholosticha solitaria and Hemiholosticha germanica, were studied using live observation, protargol impregnation, and scanning electron microscopy. Both species share a medium-sized, almost globular body with a short anterior projection; two macronuclear nodules with a single micronucleus in between; a central contractile vacuole; three or four ventral, one postoral, one right and one left marginal cirral row; and three dorsal kineties extending along ribs. However, H. germanica is distinguished from congeners by a higher number of cirri in ventral rows R1 and R2 (3-6 vs. 2 cirri in each row). Hemiholosticha solitaria differs from congeners by having four (vs. three) ventral cirral rows and by the lack (vs. presence) of intracellular green algae. The ontogenesis of H. solitaria follows the H. pantanalensis mode in that (i) the oral primordium develops in a deep pouch and generates the first two cirral streaks in addition to adoral membranelles and undulating membranes, (ii) the undulating membrane anlage does not produce any cirri, and (iii) the longitudinal ventral cirral row R3 originates from two anlagen. The ontogenetic peculiarities along with the 18S rRNA gene phylogenies suggest classification of Hemiholosticha, Psilotrichides, and Urospinula into a new family, Hemiholostichidae.The objective of this research work was to develop a model of human skeleton with the capability of real-time simulation of the physical movements of a person in front of the motion capture hardware (Kinect) in order to analyze the motion data and measure the changes of joint torques. Mevea simulation software has been utilized for this purpose, which is a novel application of this software in the field of biomechanics. The model of the human skeleton was created in Mevea using the graphics built in 3ds Max. Simulink external interface for Mevea was established. Simulink acts as a connection between the Mevea software and Kinect for controlling the model. The developed model has been tested through three case studies involving the elbow joint, thoracic joint, and full body. Changes in torque and angular position of joints based on the input of joints are presented as graphs. The developed real-time model of the human skeleton in Mevea can execute the real-time simulation of a person's movements in front of a motion capture camera and provide the changes of torques, which are dependent on the angular positions of the body joints. This work provides the possibility to use the developed real-time model for physiotherapeutic rehabilitation to identify problematic muscles based on produced torque of the joints in order to specify the therapeutic options. The future research direction would be creating a reference databank by measuring healthy individuals' muscle forces for comparison purposes.The accuracy and accessibility of methods to calculate body segment inertial parameters are a key concern for many researchers. It has recently been demonstrated that the magnitude and orientation of principal moments of inertia are crucial for accurate dynamic models. This is important to consider given that the orientation of principal axes is fixed for the majority of geometric and regression body models. This paper quantifies the effect of subject specific geometry on the magnitude and orientation of second moments of volume in the trunk segment. The torsos of 40 male participants were scanned using a 3D imaging system and the magnitude and orientation of principal moments of volume were calculated from the resulting geometry. Principal axes are not aligned with the segment co-ordinate system in the torso segment, with mean Euler angles of 11.7, 1.9 and 10.3 in the ZXY convention. Researchers using anatomical modelling techniques should try and account for subject specific geometry and the mis-alignment of principal axes. This will help to reduce errors in simulation by mitigating the effect of errors in magnitude of principal moments.Distribution of strain through the thickness of articular cartilage, or transchondral strain, is highly dependent on the geometry of the joint involved. Excessive transchondral strain can damage the solid matrix and ultimately lead to osteoarthritis. Currently, high-resolution transchondral strain distribution is unknown in the human hip. Thus, knowledge of transchondral strain patterns is of fundamental importance to interpreting the patterns of injury that occur in prearthritic hip joints. This study had three main objectives. We sought to 1) quantify high-resolution transchondral strain in the native human hip, 2) determine differences in transchondral strain between static and dynamic loading conditions to better understand recovery and repressurization of cartilage in the hip, and 3) create finite element (FE) models of the experimental testing to validate a modeling framework for future analysis. The transchondral strain patterns found in this study provide insight on the localization of strain within cartilage of the hip. Most notably, the chondrolabral junction experienced high tensile and shear strain across all samples, which explains clinical data reporting it as the most common region of damage in cartilage of the hip. link3 Further, the representative FE framework was able to match the experimental static results and predict the dynamic results with very good agreement. This agreement provides confidence for both experimental and computational measurement methods and demonstrates that the specific anisotropic biphasic FE framework used in this study can both describe and predict the experimental results.

IQ and IQ decline are considered risk factors for poor prognosis in people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. However, it is still not clear if, at least in part, IQ and IQ decline influence long-term outcomes via a negative effect on interventions.

To identify whether current IQ, estimated premorbid IQ, or IQ decline moderate the response to cognitive remediation (CR).

Individual participant data from twelve randomised controlled trials of CR were considered. Hierarchical and k-means analyses were carried out to identify different IQ clusters. The moderating effect of estimated premorbid IQ, current IQ, and different IQ clusters (preserved, deteriorated and compromised trajectories) on cognitive outcomes at post-therapy and follow-up were evaluated using multiple linear regression.

Data from 984 participants (CR=544, control=440) with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders were considered. The sample had a mean current IQ of 84.16 (SD 15.61) and estimated premorbid IQ of 95.82 (SD 10.63). Current IQ moderated working memory outcomes people with higher IQ had larger working memory gains after therapy compared to those with a lower IQ. Those with a preserved IQ had better cognitive outcomes compared to either the deteriorated or compromised IQ groups, and those with a deteriorated IQ had better outcomes compared to those in the compromised IQ group.

Current IQ is a significant moderator of cognitive gains after CR. These findings highlight the need to evaluate whether therapy adaptations (e.g. offering more sessions) can attenuate this effect so that those with lower IQ may derive benefit similar to those with higher IQ.

Current IQ is a significant moderator of cognitive gains after CR. These findings highlight the need to evaluate whether therapy adaptations (e.g. offering more sessions) can attenuate this effect so that those with lower IQ may derive benefit similar to those with higher IQ.

While suicide-specific psychosocial interventions often teach coping skills to suicidal individuals, little is known about the strategies that individuals intuitively use on their own to cope with suicidal ideation in everyday life.

The present study used Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) to examine the effectiveness of specific coping strategies individuals use naturally to reduce the intensity of suicidal thinking.

Fifty participants endorsing suicidal ideation with co-morbid mood disorder and borderline personality disorder completed one week of EMA. Real-time use, perceived effectiveness of 7 common coping strategies and intensity of suicidal ideation were assessed at 6 epochs (i.e., timepoints) each day.

Participants reported using an average of 4 coping strategies per epoch. Factor analysis (FA) (exploratory followed by confirmatory FA) identified two coping factors one that included distraction/positive activity-based strategies (i.e., keeping busy, socializing, positive thinking, and doingl ideation in the short-term. These findings can help clinicians advise patients about strategies to use to cope with suicidal thoughts to prevent acting on them in a crisis and they also have the potential to inform development of psychosocial interventions to prevent suicide.Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a highly prevalent mental disorder that is typically characterized by pervasive and persistent low mood. This durable emotional disturbance may represent a key aspect of the neuropathology of MDD, typified by the wide-ranging distribution of brain alterations involved in emotion processing. However, little is known about whether these alterations are represented as the state properties of dynamic amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (dALFF) variability in the emotion network. To address this question, we investigated the time-varying intrinsic brain activity derived from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (R-fMRI). Data were obtained from 50 MDD patients and 37 sex- and age-matched healthy controls; a sliding-window method was used to assess dALFF in the emotion network, and two reoccurring dALFF states throughout the entire R-fMRI scan were then identified using a k-means clustering method. The results showed that MDD patients had a significant decrease in dALFF variability in the emotion network and its three modules located in the lateral paralimbic, media posterior, and visual association regions.