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Six LRF occurred within 24 months and 14 DF occurred within 36 months of treatment completion. Regression analysis showed Group 2 had increased risk of DR compared to Group1 (HR 10.3; p = 0.002) albeit with more advanced disease at baseline. Five SPT were found (2 lung, 2 esophagus, and 1 oropharynx) between 4.5 and 159 months post-CRT. CONCLUSION Surveillance imaging seems most useful in the first 2-3 years post treatment, and is particularly important in detecting DF. Surveillance scans for SPT has a low yield, but should be considered for those meeting lung cancer screening guidelines. Multi-contrast MRI captures information about brain macro- and micro-structure which can be combined in an integrated model to obtain a detailed "fingerprint" of the anatomical properties of an individual's brain. Inter-regional similarities between features derived from structural and diffusion MRI, including regional volumes, diffusion tensor metrics, neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging measures, can be modelled as morphometric similarity networks (MSNs). Here, individual MSNs were derived from 105 neonates (59 preterm and 46 term) who were scanned between 38 and 45 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA). Inter-regional similarities were used as predictors in a regression model of age at the time of scanning and in a classification model to discriminate between preterm and term infant brains. When tested on unseen data, the regression model predicted PMA at scan with a mean absolute error of 0.70  ±  0.56 weeks, and the classification model achieved 92% accuracy. We conclude that MSNs predict chronological brain age accurately; and they provide a data-driven approach to identify networks that characterise typical maturation and those that contribute most to neuroanatomic variation associated with preterm birth. High levels of trait anxiety are associated with impaired attentional control, changes in brain activity during attentional control tasks and altered network resting state functional connectivity (RSFC). Specifically, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex to anterior cingulate cortex (DLPFC - ACC) functional connectivity, thought to be crucial for effective and efficient attentional control, is reduced in high trait anxious individuals. The current study examined the potential of connectivity-based real-time functional magnetic imaging neurofeedback (rt-fMRI-nf) for enhancing DLPFC - ACC functional connectivity in trait anxious individuals. We specifically tested if changes in DLPFC - ACC connectivity were associated with reduced anxiety levels and improved attentional control. Thirty-two high trait anxious participants were assigned to either an experimental group (EG), undergoing veridical rt-fMRI-nf, or a control group (CG) that received sham (yoked) feedback. RSFC (using resting state fMRI), anxiety levels and Stroop task performance were assessed pre- and post-rt-fMRI-nf training. Post-rt-fMRI-nf training, relative to the CG, the EG showed reduced anxiety levels and increased DLPFC-ACC functional connectivity as well as increased RSFC in the posterior default mode network. Moreover, in the EG, changes in DLPFC - ACC functional connectivity during rt-fMRI-nf training were associated with reduced anxiety levels. However, there were no group differences in Stroop task performance. We conclude that rt-fMRI-nf targeting DLPFC - ACC functional connectivity can alter network connectivity and interactions and is a feasible method for reducing trait anxiety. Methyl orange is widely used dye in textile industry and later, it becomes the major component of industrial waste and pollutes different water body. So, its degradation is required especially in the case of drinking water. Here, chemically synthesized ligand free CdS nanocrystals have been utilized as a photocatalyst to degrade this dye in water. The mean size of the CdS nanocrystal has been found to be 7 nm approximately from TEM analysis, and SAED pattern shows that these are crystalline in nature. Further, the XRD patterns confirms the cubic structure of CdS nanoparticles and mean size calculated from XRD analysis matches well with the obtained size from TEM study. NMR study clearly verifies that CdS nanocrystals are ligand free stable nanoparticles. Due to this absence of ligand on the surface of CdS nanocrystals, a much enhanced MO degradation has been observed, as the e--h+ pair in the CdS and subsequent generation of free radicals such as hydroxyl, can efficiently oxidize the organic material MO and therefore, degrade this pollutant faster under visible light illumination. The degradation efficiency is found to be 95% after 300 min of illumination, which is much better than the other similar reports. We present a dual-mode readout sensing mechanism that can effectively distinguish true and false-positive signals of melamine in milk by combining colorimetric analysis and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy. The colorimetry analysis takes advantage of color change of plasmonic nanoparticles upon the presence of melamine. We discovered that Ag colloids with 20 nm diameter was suitable for both colorimetric and SERS methods. However, the colorimetric method may present false-positive signals with the presence of interfering compounds. SERS spectroscopy can overcome this limitation and directly obtain signature spectra from the same plasmonic NPs used for the colorimetric assay without any modification. Melamine/s-triazine can be reliably differentiated by probing the SERS spectra based on surface-selection rules. The limit of detection of sensing melamine from milk by this method could reached to 0.05 ppm. Therefore, the combination of colorimetric and SERS method not only allows for rapid preliminary screening of melamine by naked eyes, but also greatly reduces false-positive signals by surface selection rules in SERS. The precisely focused electron beam (e-beam) in scanning transmission electron microscopy has been found to be a versatile tool for patterning matter on the atomic level and enabling atom-by-atom fabrication, however, beam-induced phenomena are known to be extremely sensitive to the e-beam energy and are closely correlated with the proximity of the knock-on threshold. Here we provide a method to control the energy transferred to the sample while facilitating much faster changes in accelerating voltages by maintaining a nearly constant temperature in the electron microscope lenses. We use this method to demonstrate in-situ nano-milling of a graphene film followed rapidly by "gentler" imaging at lower energy. Additionally, the insertion and controlled movement of silicon dopants in graphene is demonstrated by employing a different e-beam energy during each process. We believe the incorporation of variable e-beam energy will broaden the potential for atomic scale e-beam fabrication. V.Helium ion beam induced deposition (HIBID) is an attractive technique capable of precise fabrication of nanostructures. However, the damage caused by helium ion irradiation is the major drawback of conventional HIBID. In this study, area-selective atomic layer deposition (ALD) accompanied with the HIBID technique is explored to solve this problem. A platinum (Pt) seed layer was prepared by HIBID with a helium dose much lower than that of the conventional HIBID to reduce the damage due to the bombardment of energetic ions. Afterwards, Pt was selectively deposited on the seed layer to achieve area-selective ALD. see more Accordingly, the Pt nanolines with a feature size of ~15 nm are accomplished by the area-selective ALD and the HIBID technique under the condition of the damage-free does. V.The purpose of this study was to clearly understand the health-promoting potentials of broccoli seeds and sprouts according to identify their representative bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in six varieties. Sulforaphane (SF) extraction was firstly optimized from seeds and sprouts. Then SF extracted under optimized conditions from seeds and sprouts were compared. Most varieties obtained the maximum SF, total phenolic (TP) and flavonoid (TF) contents in sprouts on day 3. SF contents in sprouts were 46%-97% of seeds, whereas TP and TF contents in sprouts were 1.12-3.58 times higher than seeds among varieties. After in vitro digestion, broccoli sprouts from MNL variety kept considerable SF, TF, and TP contents, as well as antioxidant capacities, with all values higher than seeds. Compared with seeds, sprouts after 3 days germination were also recommended as raw materials of functional foods that possess high health-promoting potential. The types and amounts of volatiles in the fruits of 39 melon cultivars were determined. We identified 146 volatiles, including 55 esters, 23 aldehydes, 30 alcohols, 15 ketones, 6 acids and 17 others. Ethyl acetate, (Z)-6-nonenal and 3,6-(E,Z)-nonadien-1-ol were the most three abundant volatiles (average content > 50 µg/kg FW). Aroma profiles showed significant differences among cultivars. Zhongtian49 and Zhongtian20 had the most abundant aroma components (76) and Jinguniang exhibited the least (23). One non-climacteric inodorus cultivar (Xizhoumi25) had the highest content of total volatiles (1840 µg/kg FW). Principal component analysis clustered the 39 melon cultivars into five groups. link2 This work describes the comparative diversity of melon fruit volatiles for a large number of cultivars. Furthermore, this study could support the selection of cultivars with a flavor that suits the public and also future breeding work towards the genetic improvement of melon flavor. The Fondillón is a wine made from overripe grapes of the Monastrell variety, which is characterized by a high alcohol content and a minimum barrel ageing of 10 years. The objective of this study was to analyze the Fondillón volatile composition, key aroma-active compounds, sensory profile and phenolic composition. Fifty-four volatile compounds were identified, quantified and classified as alcohols, esters, acids, aldehydes, lactones, phenols, hydrocarbons and ketone. From these compounds, 22 aroma-active compounds were identified, with phenylethyl alcohol, diethyl succinate and ethyl lactate having the highest flavor dilution factor. The Fondillón wines were characterized by having high intensity of alcohol, fruity and toasted odor and flavor notes, and long aftertaste. Besides, 25 phenolic compounds were also identified and quantified; the phenolic acids (gallic, protocatechuic and syringic acids) were the predominant phenolic compounds. This study investigated the bioactivities of polyhydroxyl-1,4-naphthoquinone (PHNQ) extracts from Evechinus chloroticus shell waste. PHNQs were extracted from E. chloroticus shells and spines using different solvents and the crude extracts were fractionated by HPLC. The antioxidant activity of the PHNQ extracts were evaluated by the DPPH, ABTS, ORAC and FRAP assays. Ethyl acetate was the best extraction solvent and spine extracts showed better antioxidant activity than shell extracts (p  less then  0.05). link3 The HPLC fraction containing spinochrome E showed the highest antioxidant activity (p  less then  0.05). The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of the PHNQ crude extracts and the HPLC fractions ranged from 250 to 2500 µg/mL depending on the PHNQ extract and microbial species tested. Treatment by PHNQ extracts resulted in alteration of the morphology of the microbial cell wall as observed by transmission electron microscopy. PHNQ extracts also exhibited anti-inflammatory activity in rats (ED50 = 8.26 ± 0.22 µg), comparable to that of Celecoxib (6.