Hamptonesbensen9384
The long-term chondroprotective effect of meniscal allograft transplant (MAT) and its superiority over meniscectomy have rarely been reported.
MAT would reduce osteoarthritis (OA) progression when compared with the meniscus-deficient knee. Graft extrusion distance would strongly affect the chondroprotective effect of the MAT.
Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.
A total of 17 knees receiving MAT were followed up as the MAT group. The MAT group was further divided into the nonextrusion subgroup (n = 9) and the extrusion subgroup (n = 8) according to 3-mm extrusion on the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) coronal section. https://www.selleckchem.com/TGF-beta.html A further 26 consecutive patients receiving meniscectomy in the same period were followed up as the ME group. The healthy control group consisted of healthy contralateral legs chosen from the MAT and ME groups (n = 27). Joint space width (JSW) narrowing was measured on radiographs. Three-dimensional MRI with a T2 mapping sequence was used to quantitatively analyze cartilage degeneration ntrol group was 0.22 ± 0.27 mm. The cartilage T2 values of the extrusion subgroup were similar to those of the ME group, with more OA features, whereas the T2 values of the nonextrusion subgroup were closer to those of the healthy control group. The extrusion distance in the 90° direction (
= .002) and the follow-up time (
= .019) significantly affected the CDI increase in the multivariate regression model. The average extrusion distance in the 45°, 90°, and 135° directions better predicted chondroprotection compared with the other individual directions.
MAT had moderate advantages in chondroprotection compared with meniscectomy in the long term. Graft extrusion distance strongly affected the chondroprotective effect of MAT. The chondroprotective effect of the nonextruded meniscal allograft was close to that of the native meniscus, whereas the allografts with an extrusion >3 mm completely lost their function after meniscectomy.
3 mm completely lost their function after meniscectomy.
This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect and antifungal effect of punicalagin in murine fungal keratitis.
We used in vitro and in vivo protocols to assess the anti-inflammatory effect and antifungal effect of punicalagin. In vitro, time kill and mycelial stain were done. In vivo, murine fungal keratitis was established and treated with PBS or PUN. Clinical scores were taken on days 1, 3, and 5 post infection. The mRNA and protein levels of inflammatory factors were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot, and the number and location of macrophages were analyzed by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. Also, fungal plate counting was used to assess the antifungal effect. The DCFH-DA fluorescence probe detected the ROS level.
In vitro, PUN showed activity against
. (
.), with MIC90 values of 250μg/ml, and significantly reduced
. biofilm formation (
<.001). In vivo, the mouse fungal keratitis model after punicalagin treatment exhibited less disease, lower clinical scores (
<.05), lower reduced macrophage infiltrate (
<.001), and fungal load (
<.001) than those treated with PBS. Treatment with punicalagin also reduced the mRNA expression and protein level of pro-inflammatory factors. At the cellular level, PUN significantly reduced the mRNA expression of inflammatory factors and ROS production caused by the stimulation of mycelia in RAW264.7 (
<.001).
The results show that punicalagin is beneficial in the treatment of murine fungal keratitis. The mechanism of its anti-inflammatory effect was synthetical, including antifungal activity, an inhibitory effect of proinflammatory factor and macrophages, and anti-oxidation.
The results show that punicalagin is beneficial in the treatment of murine fungal keratitis. The mechanism of its anti-inflammatory effect was synthetical, including antifungal activity, an inhibitory effect of proinflammatory factor and macrophages, and anti-oxidation.
Pelvic fractures cause significant morbidity in the trauma population. Many factors influence time to fracture fixation. No previous study has determined the optimal time window for pelvic fixation.
A retrospective review of trauma patients with pelvic fractures from 2016 to 2020 was performed. Patients were stratified into EARLY and LATE groups, by time to fixation within 3days or greater than 3days whether from admission or from completion of a life-saving procedure. Unpaired Student's
-test and Fisher's exact test were performed with multiple linear regression for variables with
< .2 on univariate analysis.
287 patients were identified with a median fixation time of 3days. There was no significant difference in demographics, incidence of preceding life-saving procedure, angioembolization, or mechanism of injury in the 2 groups (
> .05). Length of stay in the EARLY group was significantly reduced at 11.9 +/- .7days compared to 18.0 +/-1.2days in the LATE group (
< .001). There was no significant difference in rates of ventilator-associated pneumonia, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism (PE), acute kidney injury (AKI), pressure ulcer, or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (
> .05). There were significantly more SSIs (surgical site infections) in the LATE group. After multiple linear regression adjusting for covariates of age and ISS, the difference in hospital LOS was 5.5 days (95% CI -8.0 to -3.1,
< .001).
Fixation of traumatic pelvic fractures within 3days reduced LOS. Prospective multi-center studies will help identify additional factors to decrease time to surgery and improve patient outcomes.
Fixation of traumatic pelvic fractures within 3 days reduced LOS. Prospective multi-center studies will help identify additional factors to decrease time to surgery and improve patient outcomes.
Survivors of stroke experience poor oral health during and following hospitalisation. Health professionals consistently report that oral hygiene is complex. Interventions aiming to improve the delivery of oral hygiene care by health professionals rarely use a theoretically driven approach. This study reports the first phase in an intervention development and uses the action, actor, context, target, time (AACTT) framework and theoretical domains framework (TDF) to understand who needs to do what differently in the delivery of oral hygiene care with hospitalised stroke survivors.
Mixed methods including analysis of oral health policies and clinical guidelines using the AACTT framework, focus group discussions using the TDF and audit of 60 medical records.
Policies and guidelines lack specificity regarding what oral hygiene care is and who should be responsible. Health professionals have low beliefs in their capabilities and experience numerous contextual barriers. More than 40% of patients had no documents about their capabilities using strategies such as behavioural practice.Resources specific to oral hygiene care for more complex patients, including suctioning toothbrushes, should be readily accessible for health professional use.Clinical guidelines and policies on oral hygiene care should include detail about training content, assessments tools and how to adapt information for patients with complex impairments.Reaching tasks are commonly used in preclinical and clinical studies to assess the acquisition of fine motor skills and recovery of function following stroke. These tasks are often used to assess functional deficits in the absence of quantifying the quality of movement which requires kinematic analysis. To meet this need, this study uses a kinematic analysis in mice performing the Montoya staircase task at 5 and 14 days following a cortical photothrombosis-induced stroke. Following stroke, the mice had reaching impairments associated with sustained deficits including longer, unsmooth, and less individuated paw trajectories. Two weeks after stroke we also detected the emergence of abnormal elbow and shoulder angles, flexion/extensions, and stereotyped kinematic synergies. These data suggest that proximal and distal segments acting in concert is paramount during post-stroke reaching and encourage further analysis of synergies within the translational pipeline of preclinical to clinical studies.
This study sought to explore feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effects of aerobic training (AT), mindfulness training (MT), or both (MT + AT) on cognitive function in older individuals at risk of dementia.
Participants were randomized to AT, MT, both, or usual care (UC). Z-scores of attention, verbal fluency, and episodic memory for non-demented adults (ZAVEN) were computed at baseline, end of treatment (EOT), and 6months since baseline.
Of the 36 enrolled participants (12M, 24F, mean age = 70.1years), 97% were retained in the study at 6months. At EOT, MT had higher ZAVEN scores than UC (b = .43, P =.03) and AT (b = .26, P = .10), while no differences were seen with MT + AT. A similar pattern was observed at a 6month follow-up (all
values = .10).
MT may improve cognitive function in older individuals at risk of dementia. These preliminary findings need to be confirmed in a fully powered RCT.
MT may improve cognitive function in older individuals at risk of dementia. These preliminary findings need to be confirmed in a fully powered RCT.
Periodontal dressing is used to cover the gum surface and protect the wound after periodontal surgery. Nanomaterials have been widely applied in dentistry in recent years. Zinc oxide (ZnO) is one of the main components of periodontal dressing.
This study aims to explore the toxicity ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) causes to human gingival fibroblast cells (HGF-1) and its effect on cell proliferation.
First, we identified and analyzed HGF-1, including cell morphology, growth curve, and immunohistochemistry staining. Then, we treated HGF-1 with ZnO NP. Cell viability, the integrity of the cell membrane, oxidative damage, and apoptosis were measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay, fluorescent probe, and flow cytometry. Furthermore, the expression of murine double minute 2 (MDM2) and p53 was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blotting. We finally overexpressed MDM2 in HGF-1 to verify the relationship between MDM2 and cell proliferation.
Our research indicated ZnO NPs did not affect cell proliferation at low concentrations. However, high-concentration ZnO NP inhibited cell proliferation, destroyed the integrity of cell membranes, and induced oxidative stress and apoptosis. In addition, high concentration of ZnO NPs inhibited the proliferation of HGF-1 by regulating the expression of MDM2 and p53.
High concentration of ZnO NP caused toxicity to HGF-1 cells and inhibited cell proliferation by regulating MDM2 and p53 expression.
High concentration of ZnO NP caused toxicity to HGF-1 cells and inhibited cell proliferation by regulating MDM2 and p53 expression.1. This study investigated the effects of dietary betaine supplementation on growth performance, meat quality, muscle fatty acid composition and antioxidant ability in slow-growing broiler chickens.2. In total, 400, one-day-old female Xueshan broiler chicks were randomly divided into five groups with eight replicates of ten chickens each for 102 d. Broilers were fed a basal diet supplemented with 0, 125, 250, 500 or 1,000 mg/kg betaine.3. Broilers fed betaine had better feed conversion efficiency and weight gain (P less then 0.05) and increased meat redness and yellowness 24 h after slaughter. Supplementation linearly decreased cooking loss and drip loss from breast muscle (P less then 0.05). Muscular resilience was improved and tenderness increased (P less then 0.05). Intra-muscular saturated fatty acids decreased, while total monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids increased (P less then 0.05). Betaine increased activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and total superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) level, ratio of reduced glutathione/oxidised glutathione, and activity of scavenging hydroxyl radicals.
