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tant unmet need.

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT02462889.

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT02462889.Mobile-based applications are popular and prevalently used in the US population. Applications focusing on nutrition offer platforms for quantifying and changing behaviors to improve dietary intake. Such behavior changes can intervene in the relation of diet to promote health and prevent disease. Mobile applications offer a safe and convenient way to collect user data and share it back to users, researchers, and to health care providers. Other lifestyle factors like activity, sleep, and sedentary behavior, can also be quantified and included in investigations of how lifestyle is related to health. Yet, challenges in the assessment offered through mobile applications and effectiveness to change behavior still remain, including rigorous evaluation, demonstration of successful health improvement, and participant engagement. The data mobile applications generate, however, expands opportunities for discovery of the integrated and time-based nature of various daily activities in relation to health. This article is a summary of a symposium at Nutrition 2020 Live Online on the role of mobile applications as a tool for nutrition research and health promotion. The types and capabilities of mobile applications, challenges in their evaluation and use in research, and opportunities for the data they generate along with a specific example, are reviewed.In this issue, Wang et al. (2021. J. Cell Biol.https//doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201911114) describe a phenomenon in which neuromuscular junction synapse elimination triggers myelination of terminal motor axon branches. They propose a mechanism initiated by synaptic pruning that depends on synaptic activity, cytoskeletal maturation, and the associated anterograde transport of trophic factors including Neuregulin 1-III.Acute heat stress (aHS) can induce strong developmental defects in Caenorhabditis elegans larva but not lethality or sterility. This stress results in transitory fragmentation of mitochondria, formation of aggregates in the matrix, and decrease of mitochondrial respiration. Moreover, active autophagic flux associated with mitophagy events enables the rebuilding of the mitochondrial network and developmental recovery, showing that the autophagic response is protective. This adaptation to aHS does not require Pink1/Parkin or the mitophagy receptors DCT-1/NIX and FUNDC1. We also find that mitochondria are a major site for autophagosome biogenesis in the epidermis in both standard and heat stress conditions. In addition, we report that the depletion of the dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP-1) affects autophagic processes and the adaptation to aHS. Pracinostat solubility dmso In drp-1 animals, the abnormal mitochondria tend to modify their shape upon aHS but are unable to achieve fragmentation. Autophagy is induced, but autophagosomes are abnormally elongated and clustered on mitochondria. Our data support a role for DRP-1 in coordinating mitochondrial fission and autophagosome biogenesis in stress conditions.

Thrombotic events are commonly reported in critically ill patients with COVID-19. Limited data exist to guide the intensity of antithrombotic prophylaxis.

To evaluate the effects of intermediate-dose vs standard-dose prophylactic anticoagulation among patients with COVID-19 admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU).

Multicenter randomized trial with a 2 × 2 factorial design performed in 10 academic centers in Iran comparing intermediate-dose vs standard-dose prophylactic anticoagulation (first hypothesis) and statin therapy vs matching placebo (second hypothesis; not reported in this article) among adult patients admitted to the ICU with COVID-19. Patients were recruited between July 29, 2020, and November 19, 2020. The final follow-up date for the 30-day primary outcome was December 19, 2020.

Intermediate-dose (enoxaparin, 1 mg/kg daily) (n = 276) vs standard prophylactic anticoagulation (enoxaparin, 40 mg daily) (n = 286), with modification according to body weight and creatinine clearance. The assinselected patients admitted to the ICU with COVID-19.

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT04486508.

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT04486508.

Viral upper respiratory tract infections are a major cause of olfactory loss. Olfactory training (OT) is a promising intervention for smell restoration; however, a mechanistic understanding of the changes in neural plasticity induced by OT is absent.

To evaluate functional brain connectivity in adults with postviral olfactory dysfunction (PVOD) before and after OT using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging.

This prospective cohort study, conducted from September 1, 2017, to November 30, 2019, recruited adults with clinically diagnosed or self-reported PVOD of 3 months or longer. Baseline olfaction was measured using the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) and the Sniffin' Sticks test. Analysis was performed between December 1, 2020, and July 1, 2020.

Participants completed 12 weeks of OT using 4 essential oils rose, eucalyptus, lemon, and clove. The resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging measurements were obtained before and after intervention.

Th olfactory processing, and the cerebellum.

The use of OT is associated with connectivity changes within the visual cortex. This case-control cohort study suggests that there is a visual connection to smell that has not been previously explored with OT and that further studies examining the efficacy of a bimodal visual and OT program are needed.

The use of OT is associated with connectivity changes within the visual cortex. This case-control cohort study suggests that there is a visual connection to smell that has not been previously explored with OT and that further studies examining the efficacy of a bimodal visual and OT program are needed.Emerging research shows that circular RNA (circRNA) plays a crucial role in the diagnosis, occurrence and prognosis of complex human diseases. Compared with traditional biological experiments, the computational method of fusing multi-source biological data to identify the association between circRNA and disease can effectively reduce cost and save time. Considering the limitations of existing computational models, we propose a semi-supervised generative adversarial network (GAN) model SGANRDA for predicting circRNA-disease association. This model first fused the natural language features of the circRNA sequence and the features of disease semantics, circRNA and disease Gaussian interaction profile kernel, and then used all circRNA-disease pairs to pre-train the GAN network, and fine-tune the network parameters through labeled samples. Finally, the extreme learning machine classifier is employed to obtain the prediction result. Compared with the previous supervision model, SGANRDA innovatively introduced circRNA sequences and utilized all the information of circRNA-disease pairs during the pre-training process.