Mcphersonandreassen6618

Background Cervical cancer is a worldwide public health concern, and approximately 85% of deaths occurs in developing countries. Thus study is designed to assess knowledge, attitude, and practice towards cervical cancer screening in Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia. Methods We conducted a facility-based cross-sectional study. In this research, we used a multi-stage sampling procedure to select 520 participants. Information on socio-demographics, knowledge, attitude, and cervical cancer screening related questionnaires were collected using face-to-face interviews. Data were entered and cleaned in Epi-Data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. For the analysis, we used logistic regression along with odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. The statistical significance was determined by p less then 0.05. Results Approximately 154 (43.1%) of women had good knowledge, 235 (45.5%) had a favorable attitude, and nearly a quarter (118; 22.9%) had been screened for cervical cancer. Women 30-34 years [AOR=3.02, 95% CI 1.11, 8.24), women with degree/diploma level of education [AOR=7.3, 95% CI 2.53-21.01), and having sourced information from a health professional [AOR=2.3, 95% CI 1.27-4.17) were associated with good knowledge of cervical cancer screening. Being single [AOR=3.47, 95% CI 1.03-11.75] and good knowledge of cervical cancer [AOR=4.76, 95%2.65-8.57) were significant predictors of a positive attitude towards cervical cancer screening. Women who knew cervical cancer patients[AOR=2.47, 95% (1.37-4.44)] and high monthly income [AOR=3.8, 95% CI 1.86-7.77] were associated with good practice related to cervical cancer screening. LY450139 concentration Conclusion Knowledge, attitude, and practice towards cervical cancer screening were shallow. The concerned body should aggressively disseminate information on cervical cancer screening, improve the economic status of women, and provide counseling about cervical cancer during health care delivery visits. © 2020 Tekle et al.Purpose Glioblastoma is one of the most common malignant cancers worldwide. In our previous work, we have shown that heat shock cognate protein 70 (Hsc70) functions as a positive growth regulator in glioma. We investigated the role of Hsc70 in integrin β1 mediated invasion of glioma cells. Methods In order to investigate whether the down-regulation of Hsc70 would affect the expression of integrin β1 subunit, HeLa cells were transiently transfected with Hsc70-AS or pcDNA3.0 vectors and the down-regulation of Hsc70 was confirmed by Western blotting. Human brain glioma U87 cells were stably transfected with Hsc70-AS or pcDNA3.0 vectors to further elucidate the relationship between Hsc70 and integrin β1 in human glioma cells. Cellular localization of integrin β1 was detected using immunofluorescence confocal microscopy analysis. Results Here we reported that down-regulation of the expression of Hsc70 in U87 cells by transfection with antisense cDNA specifically increased the expression of cell surface integrin β1 without changing its mRNA. Meanwhile, the integrin β1 125-kD mature form increased while 105-kD precursor form decreased when Hsc70 was down-regulated. Mechanically, the U87 cells transfected with antisense cDNA of Hsc70 decreased the Golgi localization of integrin β1, strengthened its interaction with integrin α5 subunit, and enhanced the adhesion ability to fibronectin (FN) and the phosphorylation level of focal adhesion kinase (FAK). Conclusion Overall, these results suggested that the down-regulation of Hsc70 expression could promote the expression of cell surface integrin β1 and subsequently inhibit glioma invasion phenotype. © 2020 Sun et al.Background and Aims MicroRNAs including miR146a have a regulatory role on the expression of genes and act with binding to 3'-UTR region of the genes. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is involved in carcinogenesis as an inflammatory marker, and microRNA-146a (miR-146a) as a negative regulatory factor. We aimed to evaluate miR146a expression as a prognostic or diagnostic biomarker for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and also an association between miR146a and COX2 expression. Materials and Methods We quantified the level of miR-146a and COX-2 expression in cancerous and adjacent normal tissue samples obtained from 34 patients with ESCC, using real-time-PCR. Statistical analyses were conducted using one-sample t-test. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve and Kaplan-Meier analysis were applied to assay miR146a as a diagnostic and prognostic marker, respectively, during 4 years of the study. Furthermore, the Cox regression model was performed to assay the hazard ratio (HR). The association between miR-1span. Conclusion COX2 expression is a diagnostic biomarker. MiR-146a and COX2 expression can probably be considered as prognostic biomarkers for survival in ESCC. © 2020 Sadegh Shesh Poli et al.Purpose Few models with good discriminative power have been introduced to predict the risk of non-sentinel lymph node (non-SLN) metastasis in breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). link2 We aimed to develop a new and simple model for predicting the probability of non-SLN metastasis in breast cancer and facilitate the selection of patients who could avoid unnecessary axillary lymph node dissection following NAC. Patients and Methods A total of 298 patients diagnosed with invasive breast cancer, who underwent SLN biopsy after completing NAC and subsequently breast surgery, were included and classified into the training set (n=228) and testing set (n=70). Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to select factors that could be determined prior to breast surgery and significantly correlated with non-SLN metastasis in the training set. A logistic regression model was developed based on these factors and validated in the testing set. Results Nodal status before NAC, post-NAC axillary ultrasound status, SLN number, and SLN metastasis number were independent predictors of non-SLN metastases in breast cancer after NAC. A predictive model based on these factors yielded an area under the curve of 0.838 (95% confidence interval 0.774-0.902, p less then 0.001) in the training set. When applied to the testing set, this model yielded an area under the curve of 0.808 (95% confidence interval 0.609-1.000, p= 0.003). Conclusion A new and simple model, which incorporated factors that could be determined prior to breast surgery, was developed to predict non-SLN metastasis in invasive breast cancer following NAC. Although this model performed excellently in internal validation, it requires external validation before it can be widely utilized in the clinical setting. © 2020 Zhang et al.Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is an endemic disease with a high prevalence in Southeast Asia, Mediterranean countries, and Northern Africa. With substantial advances in screening and diagnosis, increasingly more early-stage (stage I~II) patients are being diagnosed. The undebated treatment modality for stage I patients is radiotherapy alone. However, controversies exist for patients with stage II disease, mostly revolving around the management of chemotherapy. However, the use of intensity-modulated radiotherapy for the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma has increased recently, which has drastically improved survival outcomes. Thus, many oncologists have considered omitting chemotherapy for stage II patients in the intensity-modulated radiotherapy era. Unfortunately, prospective studies comparing concurrent radio-chemotherapy with intensity-modulated radiotherapy alone are limited. Notably, stage II nasopharyngeal carcinoma consists of three subgroups, among which stage T2N1M0 disease is unique and potentially warrants additional treatment including chemotherapy. Additionally, molecular biology techniques are advancing at an incredible speed. Instead of adopting a one-size-fits-all recommendation, exploring potential predictive biomarkers to select patients who are likely to derive benefit from chemotherapy is a better choice. In this review, we summarize the data from studies and reviews regarding chemotherapy for stage II nasopharyngeal carcinoma in the intensity-modulated radiotherapy era and discuss chemotherapy utility. Eventually, we conclude that IMRT alone may be sufficient for stage II nasopharyngeal carcinoma, but this needs to be verified by prospective studies in the near future, the evidence collected thus far suggests that concurrent chemo-radiotherapy without induction or adjuvant chemotherapy is yet to be necessary for patients with stage II disease. © 2020 Wu et al.Purpose This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety between transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) with CalliSpheres® microspheres (CSM-TACE) and conventional TACE (cTACE) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Patients and Methods Three hundred and thirty-five HCC patients receiving CSM-TACE or cTACE were consecutively enrolled in this multi-center, retrospective cohort study, and then divided into CSM-TACE group and cTACE group accordingly. Complete response (CR), objective response (ORR) and disease control response (DCR) was assessed according to mRECIST criteria at 1 month (M1), 3 months(M3) and 6 months(M6) after treatment. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were assessed. Liver function indexes and adverse events (AEs) were also evaluated. Results CR at M3 (P=0.020) and ORR at M1 (P0.05), except that ALP (P=0.005), total bilirubin (P=0.031), pain during procedure (P=0.034) and occurrence of fever post(treatment (P=0.017) were significantly elevated in the CSM-TACE compared with cTACE group. Conclusion CSM-TACE presents with a better treatment response and similar survival profile compared with cTACE in HCC patients. © 2020 Liang et al.Tumor recurrences or metastases remain a major hurdle in improving overall cancer survival. In the perioperative period, the balance between the ability of the cancer to seed and grow at the metastatic site and the ability of the patient to fight against the tumor (i.e. the host antitumor immunity) may determine the development of clinically evident metastases and influence the patient outcome. Up to 80% of oncological patients receive anesthesia and/or analgesia for diagnostic, therapeutic or palliative interventions. Therefore, anesthesiologists are asked to administer drugs such as opiates and volatile or intravenous anesthetics, which may determine different effects on immunomodulation and cancer recurrence. For instance, some studies suggest that intravenous drugs, such as propofol, may inhibit the host immunity to a lower extent as compared to volatile anesthetics. Similarly, some studies suggest that analgesia assured by local anesthetics may provide a reduction of cancer recurrence rate; whilst on the opposite side, opioids may exert negative consequences in patients undergoing cancer surgery, by interacting with the immune system response via the modulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and autonomic nervous system, or directly through the opioid receptors on the surface of immune cells. In this review, we summarize the main findings on the effects induced by different drugs on immunomodulation and cancer recurrence. link3 © 2020 Longhini et al.