Thorupbendtsen5918

Subjects with impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance or any OGTT glucose concentration ≥200mg/dL were excluded.

Cases (10.5y [8, 15]) exhibited reduced DI (p<0.001) due to a simultaneous reduction in both φtotal (p<0.001) and SI (p=0.008) compared to controls (11.5y [10.4, 14.9]). CL0 and CL180 were lower in cases than controls (p=0.005 and p=0.019).

Pre-symptomatic Stage 1 T1D in youth is associated with reduced insulin sensitivity and lower β-cell responsiveness, and the presence of blunted insulin clearance.

Pre-symptomatic Stage 1 T1D in youth is associated with reduced insulin sensitivity and lower β-cell responsiveness, and the presence of blunted insulin clearance.Neck cannulation is the most common cannulation strategy performed to provide veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support in paediatric patients, especially in small children. Upper limb ischaemia is a rare complication of neck cannulation and is likely caused by arterial cannula malposition. We describe a case of right arm ischaemia caused by extrinsic compression of the right subclavian artery by the venous drainage cannula inserted through the right internal jugular vein. Upper limb hypoperfusion was resolved immediately after changing the venous drainage cannula from the right jugular vein to the right femoral vein.

Arch height is one important aspect of foot posture. An estimated 20% of the population has pes planus and 20% has pes cavus. These abnormal foot postures can alter lower extremity kinematics and plantar loading and contribute to injury risk. Ankle bracing is commonly used in sport to prevent these injuries, but no researchers have examined the effects of ankle bracing on plantar loading.

To evaluate the effects of ankle braces on plantar loading during athletic tasks.

Cross-sectional study.

Laboratory.

A total of 36 participants (11 men, 25 women; age = 23.1 ± 2.5 years, height = 1.72 ± 0.09 m, mass = 66.3 ± 14.7 kg) were recruited for this study.

Participants completed walking, running, and cutting tasks in 3 bracing conditions no brace, lace-up ankle-support brace, and semirigid brace.

We analyzed the plantar-loading variables of contact area, maximum force, and force-time integral for 2 midfoot and 3 forefoot regions and assessed the displacement of the center of pressure. A 3 × 3 mixed-model repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to determine the effects of brace and foot type (α = .05).

Foot type affected force measures in the middle (P range = .003-.047) and the medial side of the foot (P range = .004-.04) in all tasks. Brace type affected contact area in the medial midfoot during walking (P = .005) and cutting (P = .01) tasks, maximum force in the medial and lateral midfoot during all tasks (P < .001), and force-time integral in the medial midfoot during all tasks (P < .001). Portions of the center-of-pressure displacement were affected by brace wear in both the medial-lateral and anterior-posterior directions (P range = .001-.049).

Ankle braces can be worn to redistribute plantar loading. Additional research should be done to evaluate their effectiveness in injury prevention.

Ankle braces can be worn to redistribute plantar loading. Additional research should be done to evaluate their effectiveness in injury prevention.

Athletes are often exposed to pain due to injury and competition. Using preliminary evidence, researchers have shown that cardiovascular measures could be an objective measure of pain, but the cardiovascular response can be influenced by psychological factors, such as catastrophizing.

To use a painful cold-pressor test (CPT) to measure the relationship among catastrophizing, pain, and cardiovascular variables in athletes.

Cohort study.

Laboratory.

A total of 36 male rugby athletes (age = 24.0 ± 4.6 years, height = 180.0 ± 6.1 cm, mass = 90.5 ± 13.8 kg).

We measured catastrophizing using the Pain Catastrophizing Scale and pain using a numeric pain rating scale. Cardiovascular measures were heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and heart rate variability.

During the CPT, participants experienced increases in pain (from 0 to 4.1 ± 2.2), systolic blood pressure (from 126.7 ± 16.5 to 149.7 ± 23.4 mm Hg), diastolic blood pressure (from 76.9 ± 8.3 to 91.9 ± 11.5 mm Hg), and heart rate variability (from 0.0164 ± 0.0121 to 0.0400 ± 0.0323 milliseconds; all P values < .001). In addition, we observed a decrease in heart rate after the CPT (P = .04). selleck We found a correlation between athletes' pain catastrophizing and both pain intensity and change in heart rate during the CPT (P = .02 and P = .003, respectively). Linear regression indicated that pain and catastrophizing explained 29% of the variance in the change in heart rate (P = .003).

Athletes who had catastrophizing thoughts were more likely to experience higher levels of pain and a greater cardiovascular response during a painful stimulus. The change in cardiovascular variables may be a good objective measure of pain in athletes in the future.

Athletes who had catastrophizing thoughts were more likely to experience higher levels of pain and a greater cardiovascular response during a painful stimulus. The change in cardiovascular variables may be a good objective measure of pain in athletes in the future.

The transition to practice of newly credentialed athletic trainers (ATs) has become an area of focus in the athletic training literature. However, no theoretical model has been developed to describe the phenomenon and drive investigation.

To better understand the lived experience of the transition to practice and develop a theoretical model of transition to practice for ATs.

Qualitative study.

Telephone interviews.

Fourteen professional master's athletic training students (7 men, 7 women, age = 25.6 ± 3.7 years, from 9 higher education institutions) in the first year of clinical practice as newly credentialed ATs.

Participants completed semistructured phone interviews at 3 timepoints over 12 to 15 months. The first interview was conducted just before graduation, the second 4 to 6 months later, and the third at 10 to 12 months. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed using a grounded theory approach.

We developed a theoretical model to explain the causal conditions that triggered transition, how the causal conditions were experienced, the coping strategies used to persist through the first year of practice, and the consequences of those strategies.