Espensenholgersen8892
Communication with patients, families, and nurses was the highest factor related to interruptions. Nurses may cause interruptions and be subjected to interruptions simultaneously. Therefore, nurses in the emergency department should work with caution not to cause interruptions.
Communication with patients, families, and nurses was the highest factor related to interruptions. Nurses may cause interruptions and be subjected to interruptions simultaneously. Therefore, nurses in the emergency department should work with caution not to cause interruptions.
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) skills decline rapidly and rescuers' physical characteristics could impact on their performance. Our aim was to analyse the effects of deliberate practice using a feedback device (FD) on the CPR performance of nursing students prior to, immediately after, and three months after training, considering their physical characteristics.
Sixty nursing students participated in this randomized clinical trial (control group n=28; training group n=32). Their physical characteristics (weight, height, forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC)% index, handgrip strength, and CPR position strength) were measured before starting the trial. The training group followed a CPR training programme based on deliberate practice, providing feedback on their performance using an FD. All participants were evaluated during two-minute CPR compression/ventilation cycles.
The training group showed an improved ability to perform chest compressions (F
=13.3; p<.001; ω
=0.17) and ventilations (F
=102.1; p<.001; ω
=0.63), improving their overall quality of CPR (F
=40.1; p<.001; ω
=0.40). The physical characteristics of the participants did not affect CPR performance in any study phase.
A structured training programme based on deliberate practice using an FD had a positive effect on the acquisition of CPR skills by participants, while their physical characteristics had no impact on performance.
A structured training programme based on deliberate practice using an FD had a positive effect on the acquisition of CPR skills by participants, while their physical characteristics had no impact on performance.
Emergency departments are faced with a high influx of patients presenting for various complaints. The aim of the present study was to assess the basic characteristics of elderly patients presenting to a rural hospital emergency department in inland Croatia in 2017.
Retrospective data collected from the Hospital Information System and by analysis of medical records on patients presenting to emergency department in 2017 were used in the study.
Study results indicated that a lower proportion of elderly individuals aged 65-74 were hospitalized following emergency department workup. A statistically significantly higher proportion of patients older than 74years was presented to ED due to various discomforts and diseases (ICD-10 group I; χ2=324.85; p<0.01) than due to cardiorespiratory diseases and acute abdomen (χ2=285.04; p<0.01).
Our findings highlight the need for a complex approach in care for elderly people, given that they are a fragile population with multiple comorbidities, chronic diseases, atypical symptoms, and often with cognitive and functional impairments.
Our findings highlight the need for a complex approach in care for elderly people, given that they are a fragile population with multiple comorbidities, chronic diseases, atypical symptoms, and often with cognitive and functional impairments.Elastic arteries are idealised as being incompressible orthotropic nonlinearly elastic cylinders. They are further idealised as being membranes in order to analyse the effect of the experimentally observed pre-stressing of arterial tissue on inflation. The pre-stress is modelled here using the opening-angle method. It is shown that there can be multiple unloaded states of arterial segments of Fung materials, suggesting the corresponding set of material parameters will not yield reliable predictions of arterial stress in three dimensions as there is no experimental evidence to support this non-uniqueness. It is also shown that the circumferential pre-strain has a simple magnifying scaling effect on the pressure-radial strain relation and on the axial force needed to maintain the membrane length during inflation; the effect of the axial pre-strain is more nuanced.An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) is a promising therapeutic modality because selective and effective delivery of an anti-cancer drug is achieved by drug-conjugated antibody-targeting cancer antigen. Glypican 1 (GPC1) is highly expressed in malignant tumors, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Herein, we describe the usefulness of GPC1-targeting ADC. Humanized anti-GPC1 antibody (clone T2) was developed and conjugated with monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) via maleimidocaproyl-valine-citrulline-p-aminobenzyloxycarbonyl (mc-vc-PABC) linkers (humanized GPC1-ADC[MMAE]). Humanized GPC1-ADC(MMAE) inhibited the growth of GPC1-positive PDAC and ESCC cell lines via inducing cycle arrest in the G2/M phase and apoptosis in vitro. The binding activity of humanized GPC1-ADC(MMAE) with GPC1 was comparable with that of the unconjugated anti-GPC1 antibody. The humanized GPC1-ADC(MMAE) was effective in GPC1-positive BxPC-3 subcutaneously xenografted mice but not in GPC1-negative BxPC-3-GPC1-KO xenografted mice. To assess the bystander killing activity of the humanized GPC1-ADC(MMAE), a mixture of GPC1-positive BxPC-3 and GPC1-negative BxPC-3-GPC1-KO-Luc cells were subcutaneously inoculated, and a heterogenous GPC1-expressing tumor model was developed. The humanized GPC1-ADC(MMAE) inhibited the tumor growth and decreased the luciferase signal, measured with an in vivo imaging system (IVIS), which suggests that the suppression of the BxPC-3-GPC1-KO-Luc population. The humanized GPC1-ADC(MMAE) also inhibited the established liver metastases of BxPC-3 cells and significantly improved the overall survival of the mice. It exhibited a potent antitumor effect on the GPC1-positive PDAC and ESCC patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. Our preclinical data demonstrate that GPC1 is a promising therapeutic target for ADC.Tremendous population growth and industrialization have increased energy consumption unprecedentedly. The depletion of fossil-based energy supplies necessitates the exploration of solar, geothermal, wind, hydrogen, biodiesel, etc. as a clean and renewable energy source. Most of these energy sources are intermittent, while bioelectricity, biodiesel, and biohydrogen can be produced using abundantly available organic wastes regularly. The production of various energy resources requires materials that are costly and affect the applicability at a large scale. Biomass-derived materials (biochar) are getting attention in the field of bioenergy due to their simple method of synthesis, high surface area, porosity, and availability of functional groups for easy modification. Biochar synthesis using various techniques is discussed and their use as an electrode (anodic/cathodic) in a microbial fuel cell (MFC), catalysts in transesterification, and anaerobic digestion for energy production are reviewed. Renewable energy production using biochar would be a sustainable approach to create an energy secure world.A novel experimental method based on the combination of bio-oil composition inversion and function fitting was purposed and verified for describing the componential evolution curves during the liquefaction of biomass pyrolysis vapors. The evolution curves of representative condensable components were fitted by linear and Slogistic function in the short, middle and long three condensing fields. Linear function exhibited a significant effectiveness for the description and prediction of low-boiling water and furfural and the relative deviations were no more than 5% between actual values in long condenser and predictive values from the elongation of curves in short and middle condensers. For high-boiling phenolic compounds, linear function failed to fit their evolutions in long condenser but Slogistic fitting remained effective despite the relative deviation increasing to about 10%. This investigation provided a unique and effective prediction method for the vapor evolution in industrial shell and tube heat exchanger according to laboratory-scale experiment.Waste activated sludge (WAS) can be treated using anaerobic digestion (AD) for biogas recovery and volume reduction. However, the poor digestibility and hydrolysis of WAS limit AD applications. The current study investigated the feasibility of applying calcium hypochlorite as a WAS pretreatment strategy to improve AD treatment efficiency using laboratory reactors. The results showed that pretreatment with 5 - 20% Ca(ClO)2 (total suspended solids basis) significantly enhanced WAS anaerobic digestibility, and led to significantly enhanced methane production rate and biomethane yield comparing to the AD of raw WAS (P 20%) reduced microbial activities, leading to slow release of dissolved organic compounds and prolonged methane production lag phase. In addition, high Ca(ClO)2 removed 82.7% of the initial phosphate by calcium-phosphate binding, reducing the phosphorus in liquid digestate.A study was designed to isolate cellulolytic bacteria from termite-gut and soil, optimizing their cellulase production to enhance biogas generation, using Lantana camara as a substrate. Out of 57 bacteria screened, two isolates DSB1 and DSB12, showed significant cellulolytic activity. 16S rRNA based methods identified these isolates as Microbacterium sp. GLX351322 and Arthrobacter sp. respectively. Maximum cellulase activity of 1.26 ± 0.044 U/ml and 1.31 ± 0.052 U/ml for DSB1 and DSB12 was observed at pH 7 and 7.2 under 35⁰C and 37⁰C, respectively. The L. camara biomass substrate with cow dung as an inoculum, bioaugmented with DSB1 and DSB12 separately, was tested for biogas production, producing 950 l/kg and 980 l/kg VS biogas with 57% and 60% methane, respectively. DSB1 and DSB12 revealed as potent cellulase producers that can be harnessed in the anaerobic digester for biomass conversion practices for enhanced biogas production.The study aimed to isolate a novel strain with heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification ability and evaluate the nitrogen removal characteristics. Results showed that Ochrobactrum anthropi HND19 could remove approximately 98.6% of NH4+-N (104.3 mg·L-1) and 97.6% of NO3--N (98.6 mg·L-1), and the removal rates achieved 4.28 and 4.01 mg-N/(L·h) by heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification. The optimal incubate conditions of strain HND19 were 120 rpm (shaking speed), 5 ‰ (salinity), 30 °C (temperature), 7.5 (C/N ratio) with sodium acetate as carbon resource. And the removal efficiency of the total nitrogen (TN) realized 73.4% under the optimal conditions. Functional genes (hao, napA, nirK, norB, and nosZ) involved in the nitrogen removal processes were successfully amplified from strain HND19. These findings indicate that the strain HND19 possesses great application feasibility in treating wastewater with high-intensity nitrogen.
