Vilhelmsenlaugesen5966

Majority of the residents (99.1%) completed the ERTP. The overall satisfaction rate of residents and instructors were 4.29 and 4.67 (min 1 so bad, max 5 so good). An assessment exam was performed to urology residents at the end of the ERTP and the mean score was calculated as 57.99 points (min 20, max 82).

As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, most of the educational programmes had to move online platforms. We used this reliable and easily accessible e-learning platform for the standardisation of training in urology on national basis. We aim to share this model with international residency training programmes.

As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, most of the educational programmes had to move online platforms. We used this reliable and easily accessible e-learning platform for the standardisation of training in urology on national basis. We aim to share this model with international residency training programmes.Hydatid cyst, caused by Echinococcus granulosus, is a parasitic disease which is frequently seen in endemic areas. The disease can be seen as an isolated entity or simultaneously with other diseases. Treatment of hydatid cyst in patients with malignancy as well as in patients in need of transplantation is still unclear. Although there is information in the form of case reports, a large number of patient data are needed to create a consensus on the management of these patients. We reviewed two cases with the need of autologuous stem cell transplantation which underwent liver hydatic cystectomy before transplantation.

Many people with new-onset focal epilepsy initially seek evaluation in emergency departments (EDs), and treatment decisions in EDs can influence likelihood of seizure recurrence. Using data collected for the Human Epilepsy Project (HEP), we assessed the effect of clinical seizure characteristics on ED clinical management.

There were 447 participants with new-onset focal epilepsy seen within 4months of treatment initiation who were eligible and enrolled in HEP. Seizure calendars and medical records were collected. Based on clinical descriptions, seizures were categorized by semiology according to International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) classifications as either focal nonmotor or focal motor seizures.

Overall, 279 of 447(62%) of participants had presented to an ED prior to or at time of epilepsy diagnosis. A total of 132 of 246 (53%) with initial nonmotor seizures presented to an ED. Of these, eight (6%) presented with a first-lifetime nonmotor seizure. The other 124 (94%) presented after multiple setion, and treatment in ED settings.

This study contributes to evidence of underrecognition of nonmotor focal seizure semiologies in ED settings, which can support large-scale interventions aimed at improving recognition, specialist consultation, and treatment in ED settings.

To report a series of benign ovarian seromucinous neoplasms, an uncommon and hitherto poorly described category of tumours included in the current 2014 World Health Organisation classification of tumours of the female reproductive organs.

We report the clinicopathological features of a series of 22 benign ovarian seromucinous neoplasms (cystadenomas and adenofibromas or admixtures). The neoplasms occurred in patients aged 32-83years (mean=62, median=65.5) and involved the left ovary (n=14), the right ovary (n=6) or both ovaries (n=2). There was a common association with endometrioid elements (endometrioid differentiation within the cystadenoma/adenofibroma and/or endometriosis) and other endometriosis-associated neoplasms.

We speculate that some of these represent benign ovarian endometrioid neoplasms with foci of mucinous and/or serous differentiation, while others represent true mixed neoplasms.

We speculate that some of these represent benign ovarian endometrioid neoplasms with foci of mucinous and/or serous differentiation, while others represent true mixed neoplasms.Finite nucleos(t)ide analogue (Nuc) therapy in HBV suppressed hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-negative patients with chronic hepatitis B may substantially increase hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss rate after cessation of therapy, in which "no retreatment" is a strong predictor for HBsAg loss. However, the main safety concern of no retreatment is hepatitis flare leading to hepatic decompensation or even fatality. Hence it is crucial to make retreatment decision that is not too soon to allow sufficient immune clearance facilitating further HBsAg decline towards HBsAg loss and, more importantly, not too late to prevent adverse outcomes. This review discussed and evaluated the presentations and pathogenesis of hepatitis B flare, with emphasis on issues surrounding off-Nuc hepatitis B flare in HBeAg-negative patients. The advantage and deficiency of retreatment decision based on current biochemical marker(s) alone were reviewed. The concept of immune clearance and its clinical application of combined HBsAg/ALT kinetics during hepatitis flare in the differentiation between two types of hepatitis flare were also reviewed. The utility of combined HBsAg/ALT kinetics for retreatment decision was proposed and elaborated in detail. INCB059872 ic50 The feasibility, application and underlying pathobiologic mechanism(s) of this approach require further investigation. Studies on the role of immunologic and/or other viral markers in retreatment decision are also needed. In conclusion, combined qHBsAg/ALT kinetics seems to be better than current biochemical marker(s) alone in the differentiation of types of hepatitis flare for better decision that retreatment is not necessary or not too soon for "host-dominating flare" to allow sufficient immune clearance response facilitating further HBsAg decline towards HBsAg loss, and not too late for "virus-dominating flare", to prevent adverse outcome such as hepatic decompensation.

To improve the specific absorption rate (SAR) compression model capability in parallel transmission (pTx) MRI systems.

A k-means clustering method is proposed to group voxels with similar SAR behaviors in the scanned object, providing a controlled upper-bounded estimation of peak local SARs. This k-means compression model and the conventional virtual observation point (VOP) model were tested in a pTx MRI framework. The pTx pulse design with different SAR controlling schemes was simulated using a numerical human head model and an eight-channel 7T coil array. Multiple criteria (including RF power, global and peak local SARs, and excitation accuracy) were compared for the performance testing.

The k-means compression model generated a narrower overestimation bound, leading to a more accurate local SAR estimation. Among different pTx pulse design approaches, the k-means compression model showed the best trade-off between the SAR and excitation accuracy.

The developed SAR compression model is advantageous for pTx framework given the narrower overestimation bound and control over the compression ratio. Results also illustrate that a moderate increase of maximum RF power can be useful for reducing the maximum local SAR deposition.

The developed SAR compression model is advantageous for pTx framework given the narrower overestimation bound and control over the compression ratio. Results also illustrate that a moderate increase of maximum RF power can be useful for reducing the maximum local SAR deposition.

To achieve high-resolution mapping of brain tissue susceptibility in simultaneous QSM and metabolic imaging.

Simultaneous QSM and metabolic imaging was first achieved using SPICE (spectroscopic imaging by exploiting spatiospectral correlation), but the QSM maps thus obtained were at relatively low-resolution (2.0×3.0×3.0 mm

). We overcome this limitation using an improved SPICE data acquisition method with the following novel features 1) sampling (k, t)-space in dual densities, 2) sampling central k-space fully to achieve nominal spatial resolution of 3.0×3.0×3.0 mm

for metabolic imaging, and 3) sampling outer k-space sparsely to achieve spatial resolution of 1.0×1.0×1.9 mm

for QSM. To keep the scan time short, we acquired spatiospectral encodings in echo-planar spectroscopic imaging trajectories in central k-space but in CAIPIRINHA (controlled aliasing in parallel imaging results in higher acceleration) trajectories in outer k-space using blipped phase encodings. For data processing and image reconstruction, a union-of-subspaces model was used, effectively incorporating sensitivity encoding, spatial priors, and spectral priors of individual molecules.

In vivo experiments were carried out to evaluate the feasibility and potential of the proposed method. In a 6-min scan, QSM maps at 1.0×1.0×1.9 mm

resolution and metabolic maps at 3.0×3.0×3.0 mm

nominal resolution were obtained simultaneously. Compared with the original method, the QSM maps obtained using the new method reveal fine-scale brain structures more clearly.

We demonstrated the feasibility of achieving high-resolution QSM simultaneously with metabolic imaging using a modified SPICE acquisition method. The improved capability of SPICE may further enhance its practical utility in brain mapping.

We demonstrated the feasibility of achieving high-resolution QSM simultaneously with metabolic imaging using a modified SPICE acquisition method. The improved capability of SPICE may further enhance its practical utility in brain mapping.Peacekeeping missions involve experiences that may impact the mental health of participating soldiers. However, research on the long-term mental health consequences of peacekeeping is sparse. The present study aimed to find the prevalence of mental health problems (MHPs), possible MHP predictors, and associations between predictors and MHPs in Norwegian peacekeepers 18-38 years after deployment to a United Nations peacekeeping mission. We used data from a cross-sectional, postdeployment survey of Norwegian peacekeepers who served in Lebanon between 1978 and 1998 (N = 10,605). Participants were assessed for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD); anxiety; depression; insomnia; alcohol misuse; drug misuse; and exposure to pre-, peri-, and postdeployment stressors. Logistic regressions were executed to explore key variables associated with MHPs. Total MHP prevalence was 15.1%, 95% CI [14.4, 15.8]. The estimates for specific disorders were 0.1% for drug misuse, 3.4% for alcohol misuse, 4.0% for depression, 6.2% for PTSD, 6.4% for anxiety, and 9.3% for insomnia. Postdeployment stressors, OR = 1.91, 95% CI [1.79, 2.04]; employment status, OR = 1.41, 95% CI [1.33, 1.48]; and traumatic exposure during deployment, OR = 1.11, 95% CI [1.09, 1.12], were positively related to PTSD, χ2(17, N = 8,568) = 1,791.299, p less then .001. Similar patterns were found for the other MHPs. Considering that most participants (84.9%) reported low symptom levels, our findings challenge the widespread public perception that most peacekeepers have MHPs. Moreover, our results indicate that future peacekeepers should be prepared for challenges they may face not only during deployment but also in the years following their homecoming.Cyclic alkyl(amino) carbene (cAAC)-supported, structurally diverse alkali metal-phosphinidenides 2-5 of general formula ((cAAC)P-M)n (THF)x [2 M=K, n=2, x=4; 3 M=K, n=6, x=2; 4 M=K, n=4, x=4; 5 M=Na, n=3, x=1] have been synthesized by the reduction of cAAC-stabilized chloro-phosphinidene cAAC=P-Cl (1) utilizing metallic K or KC8 and Na-naphthalenide as reducing agents. Complexes 2-5 have been structurally characterized in solid state by NMR studies and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The proposed mechanism for the electron transfer process has been well-supported by cyclic voltammetry (CV) studies and Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The solid state oligomerization process has been observed to be largely dependent on the ionic radii of alkali metal ions, steric bulk of cAAC ligands and solvation/de-solvation/recombination of the dimeric unit [(cAAC)P-M(THF)x ]2 .