Magnussonmckinley4156

intervention to reduce cancer burden.

Residential greenness may reduce the risk for lung, bladder, breast, prostate, and skin cancers. If our observations will be replicated, it may present a useful avenue for public-health intervention to reduce cancer burden.To investigate the effect of residual coagulant after coagulation pretreatment on activated sludge system of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), comparative evaluation of lab-scale sequencing batch reactors under different poly-aluminum chloride (PAC) concentrations (20 and 55 mg/L), presenting the performance differences of reactors. Results showed that the PAC concentration of 20 mg/L slightly enhanced the average removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total nitrogen (TN), up to 93.43% and 72.52%. Whereas, an inhibition effect was exerted at the PAC concentration of 55 mg/L, the average removal efficiencies decreased to 88.56% and 57.80% respectively. Similarly, the residual aluminum salts showed a concentration effect of low promotion and high inhibition on sludge activity index. The content of specific oxygen utilization rate (SOUR) and dehydrogenase (DHA) sharply decreased by 30.17% and 53.56% under the high PAC concentration of 55 mg/L. Activity recovery phase showed that the suppression of aluminum salt coagulant on biological system was reversible. High-throughput sequencing presented that the relative abundance of microbes showed obvious variations at different PAC concentrations, and certain bacteria in Chloroflexi and Bacteroidota exhibited better adaptability to the high PAC concentration environment. Nevertheless, the antagonism action between denitrifying genera and other genera as well as the downregulation of functional enzymes regarding nitrogen metabolism gave rise to the deterioration of denitrification under the high PAC concentration of 55 mg/L. This study revealed the influence mechanism of residual aluminum salt coagulant on activated sludge system, providing strategies for efficient decontamination and long-term stable operation of biological system in wastewater treatment plant under the condition of adding PAC.Residential airborne culturable bacteria (RAB) are commonly used to assess indoor microbial loads, which is a very effective and recognized indicator of public concern about residential air quality. Many countries and organizations have set exposure limits for residential bacteria. Nevertheless, few studies have been conducted in multicenter cities about the distribution and influencing factors of RAB. It is a challenge to investigate the distribution of RAB and identify the association between indoor influencing variables and RAB in China. The current finding implied the comparative results from a one-year on-site survey of 12 cities in China. The concentration of RAB ranged from 0 CFU/m3 to 18,078 CFU/m3, with an arithmetic median of 350 CFU/m3. RAB concentrations were more in the warm season than those in the cold season, and were more in the bedrooms than those in the living rooms. Indoor environmental indicators (including PM2.5 and PM10) showed the mediating role in the process of temperature and relative humidity effects on RAB. . Influential factors including family-related information (income), architectural characteristics (house type, building history, living floor, the layers of window glass, and decoration) and lifestyle behaviors (heating, new furniture, incense-burned, insecticides-used, air condition-used, and plants-growed) were related with the concentration of RAB. This study presents essential data on the distribution of RAB in some Chinese cities, and reveals the residential influential factors that might minimize health risk from RAB.The valorization of sewage sludge by black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) has gained attentions for sewage sludge management since the sludge can be reduced securely as well as larval biomass can be used for biorefineries application. Nevertheless, the BSFL growth was impeded while assimilating nutrition from sewage sludge due to the presence of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) that had entrapped the essential nutrients inside. Accordingly, the pre-treatment of sewage sludge via anaerobic digestion at different pH was employed in this work to rupture the EPS structure and release more nutrients for larval growth. The results showed that larvae fed with raw sewage sludge had attained the lowest final larval weight (2.05 ± 0.38 mg/larva) as opposed to batches fed with pre-treated sewage sludges. This was because the soluble carbohydrate (more than 6.81 ± 1.31 mg of glucose/g sewage sludge) in EPS was released after anaerobic pre-treatment, facilitating larval assimilation for growth. Furthermore, it was observed that further increasing of pH for sewage sludge pre-treatment had led to lower final larval weight gained due to the inhibitory effect stemming from ammonia production at higher pH. The anaerobic pre-treatment of sewage sludge being executed at pH 3 for 8 days had achieved the highest final larval weight at 7.34 ± 0.97 mg/larva. The still low quality of sewage sludges after the pre-treatment also offered benefit, where high sewage sludge reduction and waste reduction index were recorded due to the necessity of BSFL to consume more sewage sludge in compensating the nutrients destitution in sludge. ML264 research buy Lastly, the possibility of predicting final larval weight was successfully materialized via a statistical model derived from the multiple linear regression method. The derived model incorporated the interactive parameters of anaerobic pre-treated pH and durations at various combinations could predict the final larval weight.Rapid urbanization has considerably altered carbon biogeochemical cycle and river hydrology. However, the influences of urban land use and urban-induced nutrient increase on dissolved organic matter (DOM) characteristics are poorly understood. Here we hypothesize that the alterations significantly change sources and levels of DOM in river systems that drain the urban areas. To test the hypothesis, we investigated DOM in headwater rivers with varied urban intensities in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area (TGRA), China, through field sampling conducted in the dry and wet seasons. We found positive relationships of urban land (%Urban) with DOC concentration and chromophoric DOM (CDOM) absorption coefficients a254, a280 and a350, as well as fluorescence index (FI370), indicating the significantly increased levels of DOM and autochthonous sources along an urbanization gradient. A stepwise regression analysis demonstrated that occurrences of DOC and CDOM can be predicted by %Urban, while increasing autochthonous source is predictable by the increase in riverine nitrogen. Moreover, a254, a280 and FI370 values showed distinct seasonal variations, with significantly higher CDOM concentration in the wet season and with much higher autochthonous signal in the dry season with high nitrogen loading. Based on the findings, we conclude that urbanization influences occurrences and sources of DOM, with increasing urbanization making an important and direct contribution to DOM, and an indirect effect of urban induced nutrient enrichment, i.e., enhanced nutrient loadings increase autochthonous DOM production in rivers.Heterogeneous photo-Fenton technology has drawn tremendous attention for removal of recalcitrant pollutants. Fe-based metal-organic frameworks (Fe-MOFs) are regarded to be superior candidates in wastewater treatment technology. However, the central metal sites of the MOFs are coordinated with the linkers, which reduces active site exposure and decelerates H2O2 activation. In this study, a series of 2, 5-dioxido-1, 4-benzenedicarboxylate (H2DOBDC)-functionalized MIL-100(Fe) with enhanced degradation performance was successfully constructed via solvothermal strategy. The modified MIL-100(Fe) displayed an improvement in photo-Fenton behaviors. The photocatalytic rate constant of optimized MIL-100(Fe)-1/2/3 are 2.3, 3.6 and 4.4 times higher compared with the original MIL-100(Fe). The introduced H2DOBDC accelerates the separation and transfer in photo-induced charges and promotes Fe(II)/Fe(III) cycle, thus improving the performance. •OH and •O2- are main reactive radicals in tetracycline (TCH) degradation. Dealkylation, hydroxylation, dehydration and dealdehyding are the main pathways for TCH degradation.Microbes (e.g., bacteria and archaea) are indispensable components for the key biological processes of estuarine ecosystems and three main habitats (sediment, particle, and water) are harboring diverse estuarine microbes. However, we still know little about how the microbial community structures, potential keystone species, and network properties change among these three habitats in estuarine ecosystems. In this study, we collected size-fractioned water and sediment samples from the Pearl River Estuary to reveal their microbial diversity, community structures, network properties, and potential keystone taxa. We found that the sediment microbial community was remarkably more diverse than particle-attached (PA) and free-living (FL) communities, whereas its ecological network was less complex in terms of node distance and connectivity. TOC was determined as the main driver of sediment community, while the PA and FL communities were predominantly shaped by NO2-, non-ionic ammonia (NH) and pH. Among the bulk waterrobes and facilitated the environment monitoring based on microbial community.Although environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure is considered to be a severe public health problem and a modifiable risk factor for preterm birth (PTB), we still lack a comprehensive understanding of the PTB risk associated with trimester-specific prenatal ETS exposure. This study aimed to examine the accumulation of risk across trimester ETS exposure and the critical window of the association between maternal ETS exposure during pregnancy and PTB. A total of 63,038 mother-child pairs were involved in the analysis of the 2017 survey of Longhua Child Cohort Study. Information about socio-demographic characteristics, prenatal ETS exposure, and birth outcomes were collected using a self-report questionnaire. A series of logistic regression models were employed to assess the associations between prenatal ETS exposure and PTB. We found that maternal ETS exposure during pregnancy significantly increased the risk of PTB and this association increased with both the average level of daily ETS exposure and the number of trimesters of ETS exposure. Moreover, mothers who were initially exposed to ETS in the 1st trimester of pregnancy had significant higher risk of PTB (OR = 1.34, 95% CI 1.25-1.44). Furthermore, mothers exposed to ETS in the 1st trimester only (OR = 1.26, 95%CI 1.04-1.50), in both 1st and 2nd trimester (OR = 1.35, 95%CI 1.08-1.67) and throughout pregnancy (OR = 1.35, 95%CI 1.24-1.46) experienced a significantly high risk of PTB. Prenatal maternal ETS exposure during only the 2nd trimester also resulted in a high risk of PTB with marginal significance (OR = 1.33, 95% CI0.78-2.13). To conclude, the 1st and early 2nd trimester might be the critical window for prenatal ETS exposure causing PTB.