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Next, we confirmed that DNJ acted as the main active component in CBP and detected the dose-dependent DNJ uptake in vital metabolic tissues, which may explain the dose-dependent alteration in the metabolic parameters and related gene expressions following the CBP intake in this study. Collectively, our results suggested that DNJ intake in the form of CBP prevented the progression of HFD-induced metabolic disorders through regulation of adipocyte gene expression involved in lipid metabolism and insulin signaling.The current work aimed at investigating the effects of the dietary supplementation of N-carbamylglutamate (NCG) or l-arginine (Arg) on the duodenal mitophagy, mitochondrial function, inflammation, and barrier function in suckling lambs suffering from intrauterine-growth-retardation (IUGR). Forty-eight neonate Hu lambs were used in this study 12 lambs with normal birth weight (NBW 4.25 ± 0.14 kg) and 36 lambs with IUGR (3.01 ± 0.13 kg). Seven day old lambs were assigned to 4 treatment groups (12 lambs in each group) as follows control group (CON), IUGR group, IUGR + Arg, and IUGR + NCG. Lambs were fed the experimental diets for 21 days from 7 days to 28 days of age. Compared with IUGR lambs, the Arg or NCG-treated IUGR lambs had a markedly higher duodenal transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) and lower fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FD4) (P less then 0.05), respectively. The duodenal mitochondrial membrane potential change (ΔΨm), relative mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content, adenosine triphosphate (NF-α) were reduced (P less then 0.05) in NCG or Arg-supplemented IUGR lambs compared with non-supplemented IUGR lambs. These results demonstrated that the dietary supplementation of Arg or NCG enhanced the duodenal barrier function and mitochondrial function, mitigated duodenal inflammation, and suppressed mitophagy in suckling lambs suffering from IUGR.In order to avoid the discomfort of digesting milk protein and make full use of the gastrointestinal digestive function, a milk macromolecular peptide was prepared with ACE inhibitory activity after gastrointestinal digestion as the index. Then, the antihypertensive activity of the milk macromolecular peptide in rats was evaluated. The results showed that the ACE inhibitory activity of hydrolysate after simulated gastrointestinal digestion was the highest in which the degree of hydrolysis was 17% and the ACE inhibitory activity reached 78.48%. The optimum enzymatic parameters were obtained with the protein concentration of 3.4%, enzymatic temperature of 55 °C, pH value of 7.0, and 7% enzyme amount using neutral protease. Under these conditions, the ACE inhibitory activity of hydrolysate after simulated gastrointestinal digestion was as high as 89.49%. Compared to traditional peptides, the ACE inhibitory activity of the macromolecular peptide increased after simulated gastrointestinal digestion. After 4 weeks of gavage tests of the milk macromolecular peptide, the blood pressure of rats with spontaneous hypertension dropped to below 140 mmHg, with a decrease of 60 mmHg. The antihypertensive effect of the milk macromolecular peptide was similar to that of captopril. The milk macromolecular peptide decreased the blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rats by inhibiting the ACE activity of the lung, kidney and arteries, and regulating the content of the signal factors of endothelin, NO, angiotensin II and renin in serum indicators. These results indicated that the macromolecular ACE inhibitory peptide with an antihypertensive effect could be prepared by the enzymatic hydrolysis of milk protein to realize the full utilization of protein resources.Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) bearing coordinatively unsaturated metal centers, exemplified by the MOF-74 family of frameworks, are promising for applications ranging from gas separations and storage to Lewis acid catalysis. However, the scalable synthesis of MOF-74 analogues remains a significant challenge. Recently, mechanochemistry has emerged as a sustainable strategy for the preparation of MOFs in the solid state with minimal solvent waste. Mechanochemical methods typically rely on metal salts bearing basic anions to deprotonate the conjugate acid of the organic linker and a small amount of organic solvent or water to facilitate liquid assisted grinding. Here, we demonstrate that the liquid exogenous organic base Hünig's base (N,N-diisopropylethylamine) can fulfill both roles, enabling the mechanochemical synthesis of M2(dobdc) analogues (M = Mg, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn; dobdc4- = 2,5-dioxidobenzene-1,4-dicarboxylate) using metal nitrate salts in only 5 minutes at room temperature. Importantly, we demonstrate that this straightforward method can be generalized to prepare the isomeric framework Mg2(m-dobdc) (m-dobdc4- = 2,4-dioxidobenzene-1,5-dicarboxylate) and the expanded framework Mg2(dobpdc) (dobpdc4- = 4,4'-dioxidobiphenyl-3,3'-dicarboxylate) under solvent-free conditions for the first time. The MOFs prepared using this method possess high crystallinities and surface areas, with the Mg2(m-dobdc) prepared herein representing the first reported permanently porous variant of this framework. This new sustainable mechanochemical synthesis of MOF-74 analogues should enable their preparation on a large scale for industrial applications.Pressure has become a useful parameter to prepare novel functional materials. Considering the excellent performance of ZnO and Zn3N2 and the formation of strong Zn-O, Zn-N, and N-O bonds in the known compounds, we explored potential Zn-N-O ternary compounds with interesting properties. With the aid of first-principles swarm-intelligence search calculations, we identified a hitherto unknown ZnN2O3 ternary compound with a symmetry of P21. Tanespimycin Its remarkable feature is that N pairs interconnect the distorted Zn-centered decahedrons, in which the Zn atom forms bonds with one N and six O atoms. The compression of ZnO + NO2 + N2 might be an easy way to synthesize ZnN2O3. Electronic property calculations disclose that ZnN2O3 is a wide band gap semiconductor with a gap value of 3.48 eV, which is larger than those of ZnO and Zn3N2. Tanespimycin Moreover, the high-pressure phase diagram of Zn-N binary compounds was explored with a wide range of chemical compositions. Two metallic N-rich zinc nitrides (e.g., ZnN2 and ZnN4) are proposed, containing intriguing N2 dimers and zigzag N chains.