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ntial of (bench) terraces to sustainably reduce soil erosion rates when established within an integrated approach, paying attention to correct installation and fertility-supporting agronomic practices. More attention should be given to riser installation (e.g. EVP4593 manufacturer distance) and maintenance of PT. Adoption of these erosion control measures can be recommended to similar agro-ecological zones for sustainably protecting the lands while mitigating or adapting the effects of climate change.Studies on soil degradation are essential for environmental preservation. Since almost 30% of the global soils are degraded, it is important to study and map them for improving their management and use. We aimed to obtain a Soil Degradation Index (SDI) based on multi-temporal satellite images associated with climate variables, land use, terrain and soil attributes. The study was conducted in a 2598 km2 area in São Paulo State, Brazil, where 1562 soil samples (0-20 cm) were collected and analyzed by conventional methods. Spatial predictions of soil attributes such as clay, cation exchange capacity (CEC) and soil organic matter (OM) were performed using machine learning algorithms. A collection of 35-year Landsat images was used to obtain a multi-temporal bare soil image, whose spectral bands were used as soil attributes predictors. The maps of clay, CEC, climate variables, terrain attributes and land use were overlaid and the K-means clustering algorithm was applied to obtain five groups, which represented levels of soil degradation (classes from 1 to 5 representing very low to very high soil degradation). The SDI was validated using the predicted map of OM. The highest degradation level obtained in 15% of the area had the lowest OM content. Levels 1 and 4 of SDI were the most representative covering 24% and 23% of the area, respectively. Therefore, satellite images combined with environmental information significantly contributed to the SDI development, which supports decision-making on land use planning and management.The treatment of chronic wounds is a major challenge in regenerative medicine, and angiogenesis is known to be critical for chronic wound healing. Hot springs with temperature in the range of 30-45 °C can promote blood circulation, and some hot spring elements including iron and silicon are also known to be active in promoting angiogenesis. Inspired by the hot spring function, we designed a novel bioactive photothermal hydrogel with "hot spring effect" based on fayalite (FA) and N, O-carboxymethyl chitosan (NOCS), which releases bioactive ions and has heating function to create hot ion environment in wound area. The hot spring-mimetic hydrogel showed significant enhancement of angiogenesis and chronic wound healing in vivo due to the in situ heating through photothermal effect combined with the bioactive ions (Fe2+ and SiO44-) released from the hydrogel. It is further confirmed that the synergetic effect of the mild heating and bioactive ions on angiogenesis was mainly because of the activation of different angiogenic factors and signaling pathways. Our study suggests that the hot spring-mimetic approach may be an effective strategy to design bioactive materials for promoting angiogenesis and tissue regeneration.Infiltration of inflammatory cells, especially the M1 macrophages that secrete various types of inflammation cytokines, play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). To relief synovial inflammation, M1 macrophages must be eliminated or switched to anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. We herein developed folic acid modified silver nanoparticles (FA-AgNPs) that can actively deliver into M1 macrophages to synergistically induce M1 macrophages reduction and M2 macrophages polarization for effective RA treatment. The AgNPs was facilely prepared, PEGylated and modified with FA to realize M1 macrophages targeting delivery via folate receptor overexpressed on M1 macrophages surface. After entering cells, FA-AgNPs dissolved and released Ag+ in response to intracellular glutathione (GSH), which is the key element to exert a series of anti-inflammatory functions, such as M1 macrophages apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging to facilitate M2 macrophages polarization, both of which contributed to RA treatment. This nano-system could passively accumulate into inflamed joints, permit potent anti-inflammatory activity, and impose strong therapeutic efficacy in mice RA models with high biosafety. After treatment, FA-AgNPs could be gradually cleared from the body mainly via feces without tissue accumulation, and did not show any appreciable long-term toxicity. This work declares the first example of using bio-active nanoparticles for RA treatment without loading any drugs, and highlights the potential of FA-AgNPs for targeted RA therapy via simultaneous M1 macrophage apoptosis and M1-to-M2 macrophages re-polarization.When walking alongside someone, you may feel that your legs move in synchrony with theirs. Recent studies have shown that walk-in-synch behaviour observed in natural settings occurs at a rate significantly greater than would be expected by chance, and that the amount of this synchrony is related to interpersonal impressions. However, in such natural settings, the existence of verbal conversations between paired walkers should affect the interpersonal impressions and the effect is not distinguished from the effect of walk-in-synch on the impressions so far. In the current study, we used the analysis of conversation and path analysis to discriminate these two effects (i.e., the effects of synchronization of walking and conversation on interpersonal impressions). Analysis of conversation during the walk revealed that the amount of utterance overlap and the number of turn-takings between two walkers as well as the synchronization of steps predicted their positive interpersonal impression, while synchronization of steps and these two conversational indices were not correlated with each other. We propose that interpersonal synchronization of body movements, such as synchronization of steps itself in paired walking, plays a role in fostering the development of interpersonal relationships.Deontic assertions concern what people should and shouldn't do. One sort concern moral principles, such as People should care for the environment; and another sort concern social conventions, such as People should knock before entering an office. The present research examined such deontic assertions and their corresponding factual assertions, such as People care for the environment and People knock before entering an office. Experiment 1 showed a correlation between emotions and beliefs for both sorts of deontic assertion, but not for their factual counterparts in which the word "should" had been deleted (as in the preceding examples). Experiment 2 showed that changing the pleasantness of participants' emotions about social conventions changed their strength of belief in them. Experiment 3 showed conversely that changing the participants' strength of belief in social conventions changed the pleasantness of their emotions about them. These results corroborate the mental model theory of deontic assertions, which postulates that emotions and beliefs about deontics depend on parallel systems that interact with one another.Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV), a member of Caliciviridae family, causes a highly contagious disease in rabbits. The RHDV replication mechanism is poorly understood due to the lack of a suitable culture system in vitro. This study identified RHDV 5' and 3' extremities (Ex) RNA binding proteins from the rabbit kidney cell line RK-13 based on a pull-down assay by applying a tRNA scaffold streptavidin aptamer. Using mass spectrometry (MS), several host proteins were discovered which interact with RHDV 5' and 3' Ex RNA. The ribosomal protein S5 (RPS5) was shown to interact with RHDV 3' Ex RNA directly by RNA-pulldown and confocal microscopy. To further investigate the role of RPS5 in RHDV replication, small interfering RNAs for RPS5 and RPS5 eukaryotic expression plasmids were used to change the expression level of RPS5 in RK-13 cells and the results showed that the RHDV replication and translation levels were positively correlated with the expression level of RPS5. It was also verified that RPS5 promoted RHDV replication by constructing RPS5 stable overexpression cell lines and RPS5 knockdown cell lines. In summary, it has been identified that RPS5 interacted with the RHDV 3' Ex RNA region and played a role in virus replication. These results will help to understand the mechanism of RHDV replication.Salmonella is a type of zoonotic bacteria that represents an economic and public health concern worldwide. Difficulties in sample collection from migratory birds mean little is known about their importance as a reservoir of Salmonella. The present study evaluated the prevalence and potential risk of Salmonella enterica in migratory birds. From 2012-2017, 3661 cloacal swabs from migratory birds were collected in South Korea and tested to isolate S. enterica. Strains were tested for antimicrobial resistance and the presence of virulence genes. Thirty-six S. enterica strains, including S. enterica serovar Typhimurium (n = 19), S. Berta (n = 16), and S. Virchow (n = 1), were isolated from 34 birds. Two migratory birds were simultaneously co-infected with two serotypes. S. enterica was isolated from the Mallard duck, Northern pintail, Eurasian wigeon, Spot-billed duck, Eastern great egret, and Intermediate egret. S. Virchow was resistant to ciprofloxacin, with a point mutation (Ser-83-Phe) in the gyrA gene. Ten virulence genes were detected; sixteen strains were positive for all ten virulence genes. Salmonella was isolated from different migratory bird species and geographic locations with up to 100 % similarity of PFGE type. Eight S. Virchow strains taken from migratory birds, poultry farms, and chicken meat showed the same PFGE type. Salmonella was transmitted across species, space, and time in migratory birds. These birds may play a role in the dispersal of pathogenic and antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella and sporadic Salmonella infections in poultry; therefore, they may represent a direct or indirect public health threat.

Congenital heart disease (CHD) survivors are at risk for cardiovascular comorbidities exacerbated by obesity.

Determine relationships between overweight/obesity and medical factors across the lifespan of CHD.

Lesion severity, weight, blood pressure, cardiac and other comorbidities, and cardiac medications were abstracted from the medical records of 3790 CHD patients, aged ≥6 years, who attended CHD care in the Midwestern U.S.

The proportion of patients with overweight/obesity increased across the lifespan, with 73% of adults affected by overweight/obesity. Obesity was more prevalent among patients with moderate lesions (29%). Overweight/obesity was associated with elevated blood pressure across age and lesion severity. Young adults with obesity and simple or moderate lesions had more comorbidities (simple IRR=3.1, moderate IRR=2.3) and cardiac medications (simple IRR=2.2, moderate IRR=1.7).

Obesity and its cardiovascular correlates are present across the lifespan for CHD survivors, highlighting the need for early prevention and intervention.