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043, P = 0.001), HbA1c (β = 0.029, P = 0.029), and urinary albumin excretion (β = 0.033, P = 0.025), irrespective of age, sex, and BMI. Thus, the Chinese-specific low-frequency variant increased the risk of T2D through reducing insulin sensitivity rather than islet β-cell function, which should be considered in the clinical use of GCK activators in the future.

Resilience represents adaptability and empowerment and can buffer against the consequences of traumatic events. Cisgender and transgender women in street-based sex work are at high risk for trauma, yet data on their resilience are sparse. A clearer understanding of resilience and its correlates is useful for informing sex worker-centered interventions.

Using the Connor-Davidson 10-item Resilience Scale (range, 0-40), we describe resilience among 165 cisgender and 42 transgender street-based women sex workers in Baltimore, Maryland. Longitudinal cohort data were used to examine correlates of resilience in each population. Analyses are conducted using multiple linear regression.

The mean resilience score was 24.2 (95% confidence interval, 23.6-24.8) among cisgender women sex workers and 32.2 among transgender women sex workers (95% confidence interval, 30.8-32.7). Among cisgender participants, positive correlates of resilience were being Black, Hispanic, or other race (ß=2.7; p=.004), having housing (ß=1.ting mental health and safety among a uniquely vulnerable population of women.Over the last decades, a plethora of nature connectedness measures have been developed, including unidimensional scales and others claiming to be multidimensional scales. Recently, Ives et al. (2018) conceptualised connection with nature as five general categories including attachment, cognition/identity, materialistic consumption, experiential components, and spiritual connection to nature. The current research presents a theory-driven approach to scale construction capturing the five factors similar to those described by Ives et al. (2018); the AIMES scale. The scale was developed in cooperation with practitioners and academics working in the field of human-nature interactions and its construct validity was tested with a representative sample of 3090 Victorians. Confirmatory factor analysis reinforced the five-factor model, showing that all factors correlated but were statistically distinct from one another. The second-order factor model also provided support for connection with nature as an overarching variable that can find expression to various degrees in the five primary factors. Finally, we found associations between the AIMES-factors and conceptually related measures of environmental values, environmental behaviours, environmental awareness, and time spent in nature. A short version of the scale is also presented for use in evaluation where brevity is required without compromising reliability and validity.Exotic invasive plants endanger the integrity of agricultural and natural systems throughout the world. Thus, the development of cost-effective and economic application of invasive plants is warranted. Here, we characterized fifteen biochars derived from five invasive plants at different temperatures (300, 500, and 700 °C) by determining their yield, ash content, pH, CEC, surface area, elementary composition, functional groups, and mineral composition. We conducted batch adsorption experiments to investigate the adsorption capacity and efficiency for Cd2+ and Cu2+ in wastewater. Our results suggest that all invasive plants are appropriate for biochar production, temperature and plant species had interacting effects on biochar properties, and the biochars pyrolyzed at 500 and 700 °C exhibited high metal adsorption capacity in neutral (pH = 7) solutions. PI3K inhibitor The adsorption kinetics can be explained adequately by a pseudo-second-order model. BBC500 (Bidens pilosa L. derived biochar at 500 °C) and MBC500 (Mikania micrantha) exhibited higher metal equilibrium adsorption capacities (38.10 and 38.02 mg g-1 for Cd2+, 20.01 and 20.10 mg g-1 for Cu2+) and buffer abilities to pH than other biochars pyrolyzed at 500 °C. The Langmuir model was a better fit for IBC500 (Ipomoea cairica), MBC500, and LBC500 (Lantana camara L.) compared to the Freundlich model, whereas the opposite was true for BBC500 and PBC500 (Praxelis clematidea). These results suggest that the adsorption of metals by IBC500, MBC500, and LBC500 was mainly monolayer adsorption, while that by BBC500 and PBC500 was mainly chemical adsorption. Our results are important for the utilization and control of invasive plants as well as the decontamination of aqueous pollution.Tropical montane grasslands (TMG) support biodiverse and endemic taxa and provide vital ecosystem services to downstream communities. Nevertheless, invasive alien tree species across the world have threatened tropical grasslands and grassland endemic species. In India, TMG in the Shola Sky Islands of the Western Ghats have been reduced due to exotic tree invasions (Acacias, Pines, and Eucalyptus species). The loss of grassland habitat has, in turn, reduced the range sizes of species endemic to grasslands (plants, birds, amphibians, and mammals), driving some populations to local extinction. Grassland conversion to exotic trees has also impacted ecosystem services in the Western Ghats. Conserving existing grassland and restoring invaded habitat is critical to reverse these losses. This research focused on identifying grassland restoration sites using satellite images with a high spatial resolution (RapidEye). We used an object-oriented Random Forest classification to map the area for grassland restoration. We identified an area of 254 sq. km. as suitable for grassland restoration and an area of 362 sq. km. for grassland conservation and preventing invasion by exotic tree species. For restoration, we recommend careful removal of young and isolated exotic trees at the invasion front and restoring grasslands, instead of removing dense stands of mature exotic trees. Although our limited data indicate that areas with low fire frequency tend to be invaded, and areas invaded by exotic trees tend to burn at higher intensities, we recommend a broader investigation of these patterns to critically examine a potential role for the use of fire in invasive species management. We assume that removing exotic tree species in the identified restoration sites and restoring the grassland will help recover lost habitat and ensure the viability of indigenous and endemic species and increase streamflow.