Banksandreassen7067

Notably, the TbIII-containing CP-1-CP-3 display distinct luminescence quenching upon continuous exposure to UV and X-ray irradiation. To our best knowledge, CP-2-Tb represents one of the most sensitive UV dosage probes (3.2 × 10-7 J) among all CPs.Food freshness monitoring, which can reflect the quality of the product at the time of use, remains a great challenge for consumers and the food industry. Herein, we report the development of a cost-effective enzyme-based paper biosensor, which can monitor fish freshness and predict spoilage. The biosensor measures the release of hypoxanthine (HX), an indicator of meat and fish degradation, using the enzymatic conversion of HX by xanthine oxidase (XOD). We demonstrate that the entrapment of XOD and an organic dye, nitro blue tetrazolium chloride (NBT), within a sol-gel biohybrid enables their stabilization on paper and promotes the enzymatic reaction with further retention of the reaction products within the cellulosic network . Linearity in the micromolar concentration range with a detection limit of 3.7 μM for HX is obtained. The biosensor has high selectivity toward HX and is manufactured in few steps from inexpensive widely available materials. The applicability of the biosensor is demonstrated by following fish degradation over time and measuring HX concentrations ranging from 117 (±9) to 198 (±5) μM within 24 h of degradation, at levels that are comparable with those measured by a commercial enzymatic kit for HX detection. As compared to the commercial kit, our biosensors are more cost-effective, do not require addition of exogenous reagents and are portable, having all of the reagents needed for analysis embedded within the sensing platform. This proof-of-concept work demonstrates that the paper-based HX biosensor has potential as a robust reagentless device for real-time monitoring of food freshness and for other applications in which HX plays an important role.To understand the mechanisms responsible for thermal decomposition of a Zr-MOF (MIL-140C), we perform atomistic-scale molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and discuss the simulation data in comparison with the TEM images obtained for the decomposed Zr-MOF. selleck compound First, we introduce the ReaxFF parameters suitable for the Zr/C/H/O chemistry and then apply them to investigate the thermal stability and morphological changes in the MIL-140C during heating. Based on the performed simulations we propose an atomic mechanism for the collapse of the MIL-140C and the molecular pathways for carbon monoxide formation, the main product of the MIL-140C thermal degradation. We also determine that the oxidation state of the ZrO x clusters, evolved due to the thermal degradation, approximates the tetragonal phase of ZrO2. link2 Both simulations and experiments show a distribution of very small ZrO x clusters embedded in the disrupted organic sheet that could contribute to the unusual high catalytic activity of the decomposed MIL-140C.In view of the depletion of fossil fuel reserves and climatic effects of greenhouse gas emissions, Ni,Fe-containing carbon monoxide dehydrogenase (Ni-CODH) enzymes have attracted increasing interest in recent years for their capability to selectively catalyze the reversible reduction of CO2 to CO (CO2 + 2H+ + 2e- ⇌ CO + H2O). The possibility of converting the greenhouse gas CO2 into useful materials that can be used as synthetic building blocks or, remarkably, as carbon fuels makes Ni-CODH a very promising target for reverse-engineering studies. In this context, in order to provide insights into the chemical principles underlying the biological catalysis of CO2 activation and reduction, quantum mechanics calculations have been carried out in the framework of density functional theory (DFT) on different-sized models of the Ni-CODH active site. With the aim of uncovering which stereoelectronic properties of the active site (known as the C-cluster) are crucial for the efficient binding and release of CO2, different coordination modes of CO2 to different forms and redox states of the C-cluster have been investigated. The results obtained from this study highlight the key role of the protein environment in tuning the reactivity and the geometry of the C-cluster. In particular, the protonation state of His93 is found to be crucial for promoting the binding or the dissociation of CO2. The oxidation state of the C-cluster is also shown to be critical. CO2 binds to Cred2 according to a dissociative mechanism (i.e., CO2 binds to the C-cluster after the release of possible ligands from Feu) when His93 is doubly protonated. CO2 can also bind noncatalytically to Cred1 according to an associative mechanism (i.e., CO2 binding is preceded by the binding of H2O to Feu). Conversely, CO2 dissociates when His93 is singly protonated and the C-cluster is oxidized at least to the Cint redox state.We report on the kinetic mechanism of the catalytically synthesized Prussian Blue nanoparticles denoted as "artificial peroxidase". In contrast to the enzyme, whose active site first interacts with hydrogen peroxide forming the so-called Compound I, in the case of the nanozymes, H2O2 oxidizes their complex with reducing substrate. Slow release of the product (oxidized form of the latter) from the nanozymes has been registered. The interaction of substrates with the nanozymes is 100 times faster than with enzyme peroxidases, and the rate-limiting constant for the nanozymes is also 2 orders of magnitude greater for pyrogallol k2 = 1.3 ± 0.1 × 108 M-1 s-1 and for ferrocyanide k2 = 1.9 ± 0.1 × 108 M-1 s-1. Thus, the discovered novel advantage of nanozymes over the corresponding enzymes is the 100-fold greater bimolecular rate constants, resulting, most probably, from their uniformly accessible surface, avoiding the effect of rotation on the diffusion-controlled rate.

Whipple's disease is a rare, multi-organ disease caused by Tropheryma Whipplei. A classic presentation is characterized by arthropathy, diarrhea and weight loss but a broad spectrum of manifestations is possible. We present a case of a patient with mesenteric panniculitis as a manifestation of WD. A comprehensive review of the literature is provided.

A 50 year old male presented at the outpatient clinic after an episode of fever and abdominal pain abroad. CT scan showed mesenteric infiltration with associated lymphadenopathies consistent with mesenteric panniculitis. After receiving 6 months of antibiotic therapy abdominal and joint pains improved.

Clinicians should be aware of Whipple's disease. Mesenteric panniculitis is a rare presentation of this possible lethal infection. The golden standard for diagnosing WD is a PAS positive small bowel biopsy. Adequate antibiotic therapy is the cornerstone of treatment and usually leads to an amelioration of symptoms.

Clinicians should be aware of Whipple's disease. Mesenteric panniculitis is a rare presentation of this possible lethal infection. The golden standard for diagnosing WD is a PAS positive small bowel biopsy. Adequate antibiotic therapy is the cornerstone of treatment and usually leads to an amelioration of symptoms.Covered oesophageal stents are often used to treat dysphagia in patients with inoperable oesophageal cancer. Stent migration is a well-known but usually benign complication. We report the case of a patient whose esophageal stent migrated into the distal ileum with perforation hereof. A laparoscopic stent extraction and intestinal repair was necessary to treat the perforation.Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (ACPO) or Ogilvie's syndrome is characterized by acute colonic dilatation in the absence of mechanical obstruction. It usually occurs in hospitalized patients with acute illness or following surgical procedures, but several medications such as cytotoxic chemotherapy can also induce ACPO. We report three cases of patients with Ogilvie's syndrome after induction therapy with vincristine-containing chemotherapy. Conservative management failed in all three cases. link3 Awareness for this syndrome is necessary when administrating vincristine, because delay in diagnosis may lead to colonic ischaemia and perforation.Discontinuation of treatment in children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in long-term remission remains debatable. The risk of relapse is one of the main concerns in the consideration of reduction or cessation of treatment. In 2017 all paediatric IBD patients treated with originator infliximab at the Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Ghent University Hospital, were switched to biosimilar Remsima®. Faecal calprotectin, infliximab through levels and antibodies, white cell count, haemoglobin and C-reactive protein were measured before and after switching to biosimilar. In total 21 IBD patients (3 Ulcerative Colitis - 19 CD) between 7 and 15 years old were switched. Three (14%) patients with CD in clinical, biochemical and histological remission had an unmeasurable through level and antibodies for infliximab, after 22 to 82 months of use. Switching to another treatment or cessation was discussed with patients and parents, all 3 patients decided to stop treatment. All 3 are still in clinical remission 21 to 24 months after treatment stop. Six-monthly follow-up is foreseen.The Boerhaave syndrome is a spontaneous, post-emetic rupture of the esophagus and a rare but potentially fatal cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. There are currently no guidelines on the optimal treatment of these patients, although there is a strong tendency towards a surgical approach. We present 2 cases of male patients, 66- and 77-year old respectively, both admitted to the emergency department with hematemesis. Unexpectedly, these turned out to be caused by the Boerhaave syndrome. Based on the severity of presentation, either a conservative or endoscopic treatment was adopted, both with good outcome.

Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are relatively rare, with marked clinical and biological heterogeneity. Consequently, many controversial areas remain in diagnosis and optimal treatment stratification for NEN patients. We wanted to describe current clinical practice regarding controversial NEN topics and stimulate critical thinking and mutual learning among a Belgian multidisciplinary expert panel.

A 3-round, Delphi method based project, coordinated by a steering committee (SC), was applied to a predefined multidisciplinary NEN expert panel studying the following controversial topics factors guiding therapeutic decision making, the use of somatostatin analogues (SSA) in adjuvant setting, the interference between non-radioactive and radioactive SSAs, challenging small intestine neuroendocrine tumor (NET) cases, the approach of the carcinoid syndrome, the role of chemotherapy in well differentiated NET, the relevance of NET G3 and neuroendocrine carcinoma subclassification and the role of imaging techniquesulate mutual learning in the absence of high-level scientific guidance.

Bifurcation of the pancreatic duct is a very rare anomaly and clinical significance is not known. Literature on this topic is scarce. We present two similar case reports with bifurcation of the main pancreatic duct from the body to the tail of the pancreas. Both cases were symptomatic, one had acute pancreatitis and the other recurrent pancreatitis. In both cases the most ventral duct was aberrant as a consequence of pancreatitis.

We performed a literature study and found 22 relevant articles containing 26 case reports, of these cases, 12 were considered asymptomatic and were found incidentally, the other 14 cases were symptomatic with signs of acute, chronic or recurrent pancreatitis. To our knowledge this is the first article with a summary of previous published data on the subject.

Bifurcation of the pancreatic duct seems to be a possible cause of pancreatitis, but a large group remains asymptomatic. Since diagnosis is often difficult, the incidence is probably underestimated. More attention to this anomaly is recommended.