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Under high dynamic strain more output voltage is generated than under low dynamic strain. The maximum current density shown by the device is 172.5 nA/cm2. The developed piezoelectric nanofiber sensor was then integrated into a knitted fabric through stitching to be used for angle measurement. With increasing bending angle, the output voltage increased. The promising results show that the textile-based piezoelectric sensor developed in this study has a great potential to be used as an angle measuring wearable device for the human body due to its high current density output and flexibility.[This corrects the article DOI 10.1097/GOX.0000000000004045.].Since its first emergence, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) took the world by surprise, causing more than two million deaths and 100 million infections to date. The virus's most prevalent clinical symptoms have become well known, yet the rarer symptoms, on the other hand, need to be more widely recognized. Various studies have reflected the possibilities of potential skin lesions being the presenting signs of COVID-19 infection. Acquaintance with the cutaneous presentations of COVID-19 may help in early diagnosis and management of infected patients. Herein we report two cases that presented for plastic surgical interventions in which skin manifestations were the first indicators of COVID-19 infection or postvaccination sequel. The cases were operated upon in different hospitals by different surgical teams.Diagnosis of trigger sites for migraine surgery relies on history to detect a constellation of symptoms and secondarily, nerve blocks, imaging studies, and Doppler probe examination. The scratch collapse test (SCT) has been described for localization of compressive neuropathies in the upper and lower extremities. In this study, we hypothesized that the SCT could also be used to diagnose trigger sites for surgical planning in migraine surgery. Eleven consecutive patients presenting for migraine surgery, and four patients presenting with recurrent headaches and secondary trigger sites after initial successful migraine surgery were examined with the SCT using a standard protocol to assess involvement of bilateral sites I, II, IV, V, and VI, with the carpal tunnel as a negative control. The SCT was positive bilaterally at sites I, II, IV, V, and VI for all patients presenting primarily for migraine surgery, regardless of trigger sites localized by history and other secondary modalities. The SCT, however, correlated with secondary trigger sites localized through history and examination for patients presenting with recurrent migraine headaches after previous primary surgery. The SCT is not reliable for localization of trigger sites in patients presenting primarily for migraine surgery. This likely relates to central sensitization of migraine headaches, leading to global cutaneous allodynia in the head and neck. In patients with recurrent migraine headaches, abrogation of central sensitization following the initial surgery allows diagnosis of secondary trigger sites through the SCT.Atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) and atypical lobular hyperplasia (ALH) of the breast are premalignant lesions. Although the literature on ADH and ALH as a whole is well-developed, research on ADH and ALH incidentally discovered during breast reduction is less robust.

In this study, 355 patients undergoing bilateral reduction mammoplasty at West Virginia University were retrospectively reviewed. A variety of demographic and clinicopathologic variables were collected for each patient, and the incidence of atypical hyperplasia was calculated. Four patients (1.13%) were found to have atypical hyperplasia, three ALH, and one ADH, which is within the range reported in the literature. For patients incidentally found to have atypical hyperplasia, an in-depth analysis of postoperative management was performed.

Of the four patients with atypical hyperplasia, three were referred to a cancer center, and one patient followed only with plastic surgery. The three patients who were referred to a cancer center saw a breaypical hyperplasia found after biopsy for suspicion of malignancy.As part of the engineering of bone grafts, wrapping constructs in well-vascularized tissue, such as fascial flaps, improves bone formation. Our aim was to understand the cross-sectional vascularization pattern of human adipofascial flaps for this application.

Seven adipofascial anterolateral thigh (ALT) flaps were harvested from five human cadaveric specimens. Axial vessel density was analyzed by immunohistochemistry and quantitative histology.

We found a high density of blood vessels directly superficial to and close to the fascia. A secondary plexus in between this first suprafascial plexus and the subdermal plexus was also identified. In all specimens, this second plexus showed less vascular density, and appeared to be at a constant level within the suprafascial fat throughout the flaps. The peak measurements for this secondary plexus varied between 1.2 and 2 mm above the deep fascia, depending on the donor's body mass index.

Quantitative immunohistochemistry is a reliable method to quantify and locatbetween subcutaneous tissue thickness and distance of the second plexus to the fascia should be further investigated. For the moment, we recommend maintaining at least 2-3 mm of subcutaneous fatty tissue on the fascia, to profit from both plexuses. Engineered constructs should be wrapped on the superficial medial side of the fascial flap to enhance vascularization.Lips play an important role in the function of the oral stoma. Lips also have a vital aesthetic role in the face. Lips are typically reconstructed by local, regional, or free flaps. Tongue flaps have been used for reconstruction of oral and palate defects resulting from congenital disorders, trauma, infection, and surgery. Because of its versatility, rich blood supply, and position, the tongue flap is reliable for defect reconstruction. In this study, we report a case of an upper lip full thickness defect managed with a tongue flap. The results were functionally and aesthetically excellent. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to reconstruct a full upper lip defect using the tongue.Several studies over the past decade have investigated diversity within the field of plastic surgery, yet it remains unclear if an increase has resulted. This study sought to review the status of diversity within plastic surgery over the last decade and form strategies for residency programs to increase diversity recruitment.

Data analysis of racial demographics from the Association of American Medical Colleges databases was completed for all medical students, integrated plastic surgery residency applicants, integrated plastic surgery residents, and academic faculty from 2010 to 2020. Proportional averages were analyzed comparing 5 year durations with heteroscedastic

-tests. Interviews were then conducted with medical school diversity and inclusion officers across the country and subsequent thematic analysis was completed. Finally, diversity recruitment recommendations were synthesized from interview data.

There was no significant change in demographics of integrated plastic surgery applicants between 2010-2014 and 2015-2020. The only significant finding among integrated plastic surgery residents yielded a reduction in the "Hispanic/ Latino" group (4% -3%,

= 0.01). Faculty data showed an increase in "Hispanic/ Latino" (4% -5%,

< 0.01) and "other" (4% -5%, P = 0.02) groups with a reduction in "White" faculty members (74% -70%,

< 0.01). Final recommendations for diversity recruitment were then formed from diversity and inclusion officer interviews.

Continuous and sustainable work with respect to diversity and inclusion within plastic surgery has an opportunity for growth. Implementation of key recommendations by residency programs can change the face of our specialty going forward.

Continuous and sustainable work with respect to diversity and inclusion within plastic surgery has an opportunity for growth. Implementation of key recommendations by residency programs can change the face of our specialty going forward.Locally advanced ulcerated breast neoplasm is a condition that frequently occurs in developing countries. Generally, it is centrally localized and submitted to neoadjuvant therapy; thereafter, upon disappearance of the ulceration, it is submitted to radical mastectomy. Presence of axillary infiltration and ulceration with incomplete response makes it necessary for the use of surgical flaps for skin closure. We report a case in which primary reconstructive surgical procedure and skin closure was necessary, where we used double myocutaneous flaps-the latissimus dorsi and VRAM (vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous) flap. We discussed treatment of the ulcerated lesions, possible surgical solutions, and the conditions associated with the use of double flaps. For primary closure of extensive areas, double myocutaneous flaps can be used as a solution in cases where skin grafts or surgical microsurgical flaps are not able to serve as a surgical solution. Myocutaneous flaps are associated with lower rates of complication, allowing for rapid recovery without increasing the time necessary before the next adjuvant therapy.Implant-based breast reconstruction in postmastectomy patients is commonly performed in a submuscular plane. Following reconstruction, animation deformity can be a displeasing aesthetic result for patients. In addition, patients may experience more postoperative pain with a submuscular reconstruction. Prepectoral conversion of submuscular implant position is an option for addressing these concerns. We describe a detailed technique and review our results.

A retrospective review was conducted of all prepectoral conversions performed by the senior author (DSW) from 2017 to 2019 after IRB approval. All patients presented with animation deformity and another symptom such as asymmetry, pain, and/or capsular contracture. Patients underwent prepectoral conversion with smooth silicone gel implants. SZL P1-41 Demographic data, outcomes, and patient satisfaction were reviewed.

Prepectoral conversion was performed in 33 consecutive patients (57 breasts) with animation deformity. Twelve patients had capsular contracture, seven c these issues. The conversion to a prepectoral plane will effectively eliminate animation deformity, resolve pain, and yield satisfactory results in these patients.There are different approaches for reconstruction of little finger and dorsal hand defects. The ulnar parametacarpal flap, first introduced by Backhach et al in 1995, is considered a good option for reconstructing such defects. In this study, we elevated this flap on one perforator and applied it as a propeller flap. We then discussed the reliability of this flap and which perforator (the proximal or the distal one) is more reliable.

This study was carried out on 20 patients with different little finger and dorsal hand defects between June 2017 and March 2019. All defects were covered by perforator-based ulnar parametacarpal flaps. Ten flaps were based on the proximal perforator, whereas the other 10 were based on the distal perforator.

With a period of follow-up ranging from 6 months to 1 year, all flaps that were raised on the proximal perforator survived completely, whereas two of 10 flaps raised on the distal perforator showed venous congestion and also one flap showed partial necrosis of the distal one-third due to ischemia.