Damgaardzimmermann6733

Duration of labor of vaginal birth after cesarean (7.05±1.25 vs 7.13±2.02, p=0.8362) and mean fetal weight of vaginal birth after cesarean baby (2818.71±686.37 vs 2820.79±511.78, p=0.9867) were not much different.

Over the years, vaginal birth after cesarean rate is decreased.

Over the years, vaginal birth after cesarean rate is decreased.

Birth asphyxia is one of the important causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality, accounting up to 30% of neonatal death in Nepal. It is also an important cause of long term neurological disability and impairment. Thompson encephalopathy score is a clinical score which can be used to assess the newborn with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy for the prognosis and their neurodevelopmental outcome. The aim of the study was to assess the role of Thompson score in predicting the early outcome of neonates with birth asphyxia.

A prospective study was conducted from May 2019 to April 2020 in Nepal Medical College. All the term babies during the period with Apgar score of less than seven at five minutes were considered to have birth asphyxia and included in the study. Neurological examination was done on first, second and third day using HIE score proposed by Thompson and severity of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy was classified accordingly. Outcome was measured as normal, morbidity with encephalopathy, seizure, organ dysfunction and death.

Out of 391 newborn admitted to neonatal unit, 84 (21.4%) had birth asphyxia. Mild Thompson score on day 1,2,3 were 49(58.3%), 49 (58.3%), 51(60.7%); moderate Thompson score on day 1,2,3 were 21 (25%), 21 (25%), 18(21.4%) and severe Thompson score on day 1, 2, 3 were 14 (16.7%), 14 (16.7%), 15(17.9%) respectively. Out of 14 babies who had severe Thompson score on day 1, 11(91.7%) expired and 3 (16.7%) developed encephalopathy.

There was strong correlation of severity of Thompson score with the outcome.

There was strong correlation of severity of Thompson score with the outcome.

High risk pregnant women have increased risk of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Antepartum surveillance is important and should be effective in such conditions. Modified biophysical profile is the method of antepartum surveillance which comprises of cardiotocography and amniotic fluid index.

A cross-sectional study was carried out in Paropakar Maternity and Women's Hospital from February 2019 to January 2020 to determine the effectiveness of modified biophysical profile. Cardiotocography was interpreted as reactive, equivocal and non-reactive. AFI was considered normal if it was 5 to 24 cm. In the study 172 high risk cases at term and not in labor were included. Each case was subjected to cardiotocography then amniotic fluid index was obtained using real time sonography where it was measured from all four quadrants. Selleck PD-0332991 Modified biophysical results were obtained and then were divided into 2 arms as normal modified biophysical profile and abnormal modified biophysical profile then analysis was done.

Of 172 cases, there were 97 (56.4%) cases in normal modified biophysical profile and remaining 75 (43.6%) in abnormal modified biophysical profile group. The rate of cesarean section increased when there was abnormal modified biophysical profile. Neonatal resuscitation and admission was increased in abnormal modified biophysical profile.

Normal modified biophysical profile in high risk pregnancy had more cases of vaginal delivery and less adverse fetal outcome like low APGAR score, neonatal resuscitation and neonatal intensive care admission.

Normal modified biophysical profile in high risk pregnancy had more cases of vaginal delivery and less adverse fetal outcome like low APGAR score, neonatal resuscitation and neonatal intensive care admission.

The problem of infertility is an increasing issue worldwide, among married reproductive age couples, particularly women. Infertility can affect every aspect of quality of life among infertile women. This study aimed to assess the quality of life of infertile women attending an infertility treatment center.

A crossectional study of 385 infertile women age 25-50 years attending an infertility treatment center was carried out from 8th July 2018 to 4th January 2019. Data were collected using the Short Form Health Survey (Rand SF-36), containing 36 questions by interview technique and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.

The higher proportion (63.38%) of primary infertility was involved in this study compared to secondary infertility without baby (24.93%) and with the baby (11.69%). More than half (54.5%) of infertile women had low-level quality of life whereas 45.5% of them had a high level of quality of life. The mean scores of quality of life subscales were not significantly different between primary and secondary infertility (p-value >0.05). There was no statistically significant association between socio-demographic variables and quality of life of primary and secondary infertility (p-value >0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between the duration of infertility and quality of life of primary and secondary infertility with baby (p-value 0.020), and between the reason of infertility and quality of life of secondary infertility without a baby (p-value 0.010).

A high proportion of infertile women had low-level quality of life. Therefore, it is necessary to provide them information, education, and counseling regarding infertility.

A high proportion of infertile women had low-level quality of life. Therefore, it is necessary to provide them information, education, and counseling regarding infertility.

Certain characteristics of the primary dentition have been described that may be required in the smooth transition from primary to permanent dentition and therefore development of ideal occlusion in permanent dentition. The objectives of this study were to assess different occlusal characteristics of primary dentition among school going children of Dharan, Nepal and to compare these occlusal characteristics based on gender and race.

A community based cross-sectional study was conducted among 625 school children of Mongolian and Caucasian race, aged 3 to 7 years, and having complete set of primary dentition. A close-ended questionnaire was developed to gather demographic information followed by the examination of occlusal and soft tissue parameters.

The result showed 77.2% of the children had developmental spaces and 83.1% had primate spaces. Flush terminal plane molar and class I canine relationships were present in 68.8% and 81.6%, respectively with normal overjet (53.5%), normal overbite (41.1%), straight facial profile (86.