Cunninghamthorup2155

For the sources of PAHs, the stable carbon isotope ratio analysis and diagnostic ratios consistently pointed to petroleum and fossil fuel combustion as major sources. In conclusion, our findings suggest that particulates-bound PAHs deserve serious concerns for a cancer risk in such environment, and the development of new power sources for reducing fossil fuel combustion is highly encouraged.Here, an easy to prepare, environmentally friendly, and highly efficient biosorbent was synthesized for the selective recovery of glyphosine from glyphosate mother liquor. Batch adsorption and continuous fixed-bed column experiments were conducted to determine its adsorption properties and evaluate its potential towards practical applications. The results showed that the biosorbent exhibited a fast adsorption rate and high adsorption capacity (296.1 mg/g) toward glyphosine. Further, the biosorbent performed better under acidic conditions, and was easily regenerated using an alkaline solution, maintaining a high removal efficiency even after 5 adsorption-desorption cycles. Competitive adsorption experiments in binary and ternary systems revealed that the biosorbent showed a higher adsorption affinity toward the target glyphosine compared with glyphosate and phosphorous acid (which are the other main constituents of glyphosate mother liquor), enabling the selective recycling of glyphosine. These observations were further supported through density functional theory (DFT) calculations of the adsorption energy. Moreover, fixed-bed column experiments showed that the prepared biosorbent could maintain its high performance in actual glyphosate mother liquor. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses revealed that the adsorption mechanism is strongly associated with electrostatic attraction and hydrogen bonding between -NH3+ and glyphosine. Overall, the prepared biosorbent can be considered as an excellent candidate for the selective recovery of glyphosine from complicated industrial wastewater systems.In northern China, central heating, as an important source of urban particulate matter (UPM), causes more than half of the air pollution during the heating season and has significant spatial-temporal heterogeneity. Owing to the limitations of stationary air monitoring networks, few studies distinguish between heating/non-heating seasons and few have been conducted in urban areas. However, fixed monitoring cannot accurately capture the dynamic exposure of residents to UPM, and there is a lack of comprehensive evaluation of the factors affecting UPM. Therefore, this study used wearable Sniffer 4D equipment to monitor the concentrations of UPM (PM1, PM2.5, and PM10) in selected typical areas of Shenyang City from March 2019 to February 2020. A random forest model was combined with land use and point-of-interest data to analyze the contributions and marginal effects of multiple influences on UPM, in both heating and non-heating seasons. The results showed that in the eastern part of the study area, UPM showed completely opposite spatial distribution characteristics during the two seasons. The concentrations of UPM were higher during the heating season than during the non-heating season. The results indicated that temperature and humidity were important factors in diffusing UPM. The production and operation of boilers were important for the production of UPM. In two-dimensional landscape pattern indices, the percentage of forest and Shannon diversity index were the first and second most important factors, respectively. The three-dimensional pattern of buildings had important effects on the transport and diffusion of UPM (landscape height range >100, floor area ratio >1.3, and landscape volume density >5). Wearable devices could monitor the real situation of residents' exposure to UPM and quantify the factors influencing the spatial-temporal distribution of UPM in an ecological sense. These results provide a scientific basis for urban planning and for health risk reduction for residents.

Skiers and snowboarders apply waxes and solvents to their equipment to enhance glide across the snow. Waxing results in exposures to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and particulate matter, which have been associated with adverse health effects among professional wax technicians in Scandinavia. However, little is known about exposure among people who participate at other levels of sport, including recreationally, in other regions.

We sought to characterize wax-related exposures among US skiers and snowboarders who participate across numerous levels of sport to expand scientific understanding of environmental health risks among this population.

We used an anonymous electronic survey to evaluate wax-related exposures among US cross-country and downhill skiers and snowboarders. Specifically, we assessed (Fang et al., 2020) duration of time involved with each sport in any role (Freberg et al., 2013), intensity of wax-related exposures based on time spent in waxing areas, wax use, and wax type (Rogand snowboard community. learn more Efforts are needed to reduce these exposures through changes to wax use patterns and broader adoption of exposure reduction strategies.Nighttime use of artificial light is usual and essential in these modern times. Although light exposure at night (LAN) is reportedly a risk factor of several diseases, epidemiological studies on indoor LAN levels are still limited. Hence, the present study aimed to measure bedroom LAN levels by using light meters in a larger sample than in previous studies, and to evaluate the associations with comprehensive health outcomes. Out of 3012 participants, 2947 (mean age, 69.3 years; female, 60.6%) completed the bedroom LAN intensity measurement. The median bedroom LAN intensity was 1.0 lux (interquartile range, 0.2-4.0 lux). In a multivariable analysis adjusted for potential confounding factors, the highest quartile group of bedroom LAN intensity had significantly higher body weight, body mass index, abdominal circumference, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol than the lowest quartile group. The group with a median LAN intensity ≥10 lux had significantly higher white blood cell counts and had significantly lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels than the group with a median LAN intensity less then 10 lux. In addition, the groups with median LAN intensities ≥3 and ≥10 lux had significantly higher odds ratios for sleep disturbances and depressive symptoms than the group with less then 3 and less then 10 lux, respectively. Therefore, the present study provided real-world data on bedroom LAN levels as a marker for indoor light pollution in a large sample and suggested that higher bedroom LAN levels are significantly associated with parameters of obesity, dyslipidemia, systemic inflammation, sleep disturbances, and depressive symptoms.

Evidence showed organophosphorus (OPs) insecticide exposure is common in general population with endocrine-disrupting effects. However, the association between OPs metabolites and sex hormones remains unclear.

To investigate the association between OPs metabolites and sex hormones.

Data of 1438 participants from NHANES 2015-2016 was applied. Urinary OPs metabolites, dialkyl phosphates (DAPs), and serum sex hormones (total testosterone (TT), estradiol (E

), and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG)) were measured. Free androgen index (FAI) and TT/E

ratio were also calculated. The generalized linear regression model and restricted cubic spline (RCS) model were employed to evaluate the association and exposure-response curve of DAPs and sex hormones in males and females. The modulation effect of age on their associations in female participants was also explored.

After adjusting for confounding factors, DETP was negatively associated with E

(β=-0.03; 95% CI -0.05, -0.01) and FAI (β=-0.03; 95% CI -0.06,Ps metabolites had negative associations with androgen indicators, which was characterized as decreased FAI and E2 in males and decreased TT, FAI, and TT/E2 ratio in females, particularly among females ≤50 years old. Further studies are warranted in larger-scale populations.Sustainable bio-economics can be achieved by the processing of renewable biomass resources. Hence, this review article presents a detailed analysis of the effect of susceptors on microwave-assisted pyrolysis (MAP) of biomass. Biomass is categorized as lignocellulosic and algal biomass based on available sources. Selected seminal works reporting the MAP of pure biomasses are reviewed thoroughly. Focus is given to understanding the role of the susceptor used for pyrolysis on the characteristics of products produced. The goal is to curate the literature and report variation in the product characteristics for the combinations of the biomass and susceptor. The review explores the factors such as the susceptor to feed-stock ratio and its implications on the product compositions. The process parameters including microwave power, reaction temperature, heating rate, feedstock composition, and product formation are discussed in detail. A repository of such information would enable researchers to glance through the closest possible susceptors they should use for a chosen biomass of their interest for better oil yields. Further, a list of potential applications of MAP products of biomasses, along with the susceptor used, are reported. To this end, this review presents the possible opportunities and challenges for tapping valuable carbon resources from the MAP of biomass for sustainable energy needs.

Prenatal pesticide exposure has been associated with poorer neurodevelopment during childhood, which could lead to greater risk-taking behaviors and delinquency in adolescence. This association may be augmented by adversity exposure.

Evaluate the relationship between prenatal pesticide exposure and risk-taking behavior in young adults at 18-years of age. Assess whether adversity exposure modifies these associations.

Participants included mother-child dyads (n=467) enrolled in the Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children Of Salinas (CHAMACOS) study, a longitudinal birth cohort set in the agricultural Salinas Valley of California. We estimated agricultural pesticide use within one km of maternal residences during pregnancy using a geographic information system, residential addresses, and California's Pesticide Use Reporting data. We used Bayesian hierarchical regression to evaluate associations of prenatal exposure to a mixture of 11 neurotoxic pesticides with self-reported police encountese with having any police encounter and with all measures of delinquent acts that warrant confirmation in other studies.

We observed mostly null associations between prenatal residential proximity to agricultural pesticide use and risk-taking behaviors at age 18, with little evidence of effect modification by childhood adversity. There were suggestive associations for chlorpyrifos use with having any police encounter and with all measures of delinquent acts that warrant confirmation in other studies.The present work comprehensively reviews all the pertinent large-scale climate indices used to analyse the hydrological extremes in India; along with various non-linear models, which have utilized long-term past precipitation data, and global climate indices to produce forecasts at different temporal scales. We specifically enumerated various statistical operations that may provide better precision at modelling efficiency. Further, in the quest to discover the best-fit modelling technique for the Indian scenario, we compared various modelling techniques applied to decipher hydroclimatic tele-connections between extreme hydrological variables and the large-scale climate indices. Our analyses suggest that the global atmospheric phenomena have performed better than the traditional geospatial models pertaining to the accurate prediction of precipitation extremes for India. We also confirmed that the use of large-scale climate indices to predict the local scale hydrological dynamics had been steadily increasing owing to the advantage associated with it.