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comes.DNA methylation age acceleration (DNAmAA, derived from an epigenetic clock) and relative leukocyte telomere length (rLTL) are widely accepted biomarkers of aging. Nevertheless, it is still unclear which aspects of aging they represent best. Here we evaluated longitudinal associations between baseline rLTL and DNAmAA (estimated with 7-CpG clock) and functional assessments covering different domains of aging. Additionally, we made use of cross-sectional data on these assessments and examined their association with DNAmAA estimated by 5 different DNAm age measures. Two-wave longitudinal data were available for 1 083 participants of the Berlin Aging Study II who were reexamined on average 7.4 years after baseline as part of the GendAge study. Functional outcomes were assessed with Fried's frailty score, Tinetti mobility test, falls in the past 12 months (yes/no), finger-floor distance, Mini-Mental State Examination, Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale, activities of daily living, instrumented ADL, and mini nutritional assessment. Overall, we found no evidence for an association between the molecular biomarkers measured at baseline, rLTL, and DNAmAA (7-CpG clock), and functional assessments assessed at follow-up. Similarly, a cross-sectional analysis of follow-up data did also not show evidence for associations of the various DNAmAA measures (7-CpG clock, Horvath's clock, Hannum's clock PhenoAge, and GrimAge) with functional assessments. In conclusion, neither rLTL nor 7-CpG DNAmAA was able to predict impairment in the analyzed assessments over a ~7-year time course. Similarly, DNAmAA estimated from 5 epigenetic clocks was not a good cross-sectional marker of health deterioration either.

Fat transplantation is a common method employed to treat soft-tissue defects. The dedifferentiation of mature adipocytes has been well documented, but whether it occurs after fat transplantation remains unclear.

The major purpose of this project was to investigate the dedifferentiation of mature adipocytes after fat transplantation.

Human lipoaspirate tissue was obtained from 6 female patients who underwent esthetic liposuction. Mature adipocytes were extracted and labeled with PKH26, mixed with lipoaspirate, and injected into nude mice. In addition, PKH26+ adipocytes were subjected to a ceiling culture. Grafted fat was harvested from nude mice, and stromal vascular fragment cells were isolated. The immunophenotype of PKH26+ cells was detected by flow cytometry analysis at 2 days and 1 week. The PKH26+ cells were sorted and counted at 2 and 4 weeks to verify their proliferation and multilineage differentiation abilities.

Two days after transplantation, almost no PKH26+ cells were found in the stromal vascular fragment cells. The PKH26+ cells found 1 week after transplantation showed a positive expression of cluster of differentiation (CD) 90 (CD90) and CD105 and a negative expression of CD45. This indicates that the labeled adipocytes were dedifferentiated. Its pluripotency was further demonstrated by fluorescent cell sorting and differentiation culture in vitro. In addition, the number of live PKH26+ cells at week 4 [(6.83 ± 1.67) × 104] was similar with that at week 2 [(7.11 ± 1.82) × 104].

Human mature adipocytes can dedifferentiate into stem cell-like cells in vivo after fat transplantation.

Human mature adipocytes can dedifferentiate into stem cell-like cells in vivo after fat transplantation.

We aimed to determine if patient symptoms and computed tomography enterography (CTE) and magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) imaging findings can be used to predict near-term risk of surgery in patients with small bowel Crohn's disease (CD).

CD patients with small bowel strictures undergoing serial CTE or MRE were retrospectively identified. Strictures were defined by luminal narrowing, bowel wall thickening, and unequivocal proximal small bowel dilation. Harvey-Bradshaw index (HBI) was recorded. Stricture observations and measurements were performed on baseline CTE or MRE and compared to with prior and subsequent scans. Patients were divided into those who underwent surgery within 2 years and those who did not. LASSO (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) regression models were trained and validated using 5-fold cross-validation.

Eighty-five patients (43.7±15.3 years of age at baseline scan, majority male [57.6%]) had 137 small bowel strictures. Surgery was performed in 26 patients within 2 years from baseline CTE or MRE. In univariate analysis of patients with prior exams, development of stricture on the baseline exam was associated with near-term surgery (P = .006). A mathematical model using baseline features predicting surgery within 2 years included an HBI of 5 to 7 (odds ratio [OR], 1.7×105; P = .057), an HBI of 8 to 16 (OR, 3.1×105; P = .054), anastomotic stricture (OR, 0.002; P = .091), bowel wall thickness (OR, 4.7; P = .064), penetrating behavior (OR, 3.1×103; P = .096), and newly developed stricture (OR 7.2×107; P = .062). This model demonstrated sensitivity of 67% and specificity of 73% (area under the curve, 0.62).

CTE or MRE imaging findings in combination with HBI can potentially predict which patients will require surgery within 2 years.

CTE or MRE imaging findings in combination with HBI can potentially predict which patients will require surgery within 2 years.

Cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have emerged in discrete waves. We explored temporal trends in the reporting of COVID-19 in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients.

The Surveillance Epidemiology of Coronavirus Under Research Exclusion for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (SECURE-IBD) is an international registry of IBD patients diagnosed with COVID-19. selleck The average percent changes (APCs) were calculated in weekly reported cases of COVID-19 during the periods of March 22 to September 12, September 13 to December 12, 2020, and December 13 to July 31, 2021.

Across 73 countries, 6404 cases of COVID-19 were reported in IBD patients. COVID-19 reporting decreased globally by 4.2% per week (95% CI, -5.3% to -3.0%) from March 22 to September 12, 2020, then climbed by 10.2% per week (95% CI, 8.1%-12.3%) from September 13 to December 12, 2020, and then declined by 6.3% per week (95% CI, -7.8% to -4.7%). In the fall of 2020, weekly reporting climbed in North America (APC, 11.3%; 95% CI, 8.8-13.8) and Europe (APC, 17.7%; 95% CI, 12.1%-23.5%), whereas reporting was stable in Asia (APC, -8.1%; 95% CI, -15.6-0.1). From December 13, 2020, to July 31, 2021, reporting of COVID-19 in those with IBD declined in North America (APC, -8.5%; 95% CI, -10.2 to -6.7) and Europe (APC, -5.4%; 95% CI, -7.2 to -3.6) and was stable in Latin America (APC, -1.5%; 95% CI, -3.5% to 0.6%).

Temporal trends in reporting of COVID-19 in those with IBD are consistent with the epidemiological patterns COVID-19 globally.

Temporal trends in reporting of COVID-19 in those with IBD are consistent with the epidemiological patterns COVID-19 globally.

The mainstay of treatment for uterine endometrial cancer is surgery, and recurrent-risk cases require multidisciplinary treatment, including surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy.

The standard surgery for uterine endometrial cancer is hysterectomy and bilateral salpingooophorectomy, with additional retroperitoneal lymph node dissection and omentectomy, depending on the case. The appropriate treatment is determined based on the risk classification, such as the depth of invasion into the myometrium, diagnosis of histological type and grade, and risk assessment of lymph node metastasis.

Recently, minimally invasive surgery has been widely used not only in low-risk patients but also in intermediate- and high-risk patients. In low-risk patients, the possibility of ovarian preservation is discussed from a healthcare perspective for young women. Determining the need for retroperitoneal lymph node dissection based on sentinel lymph node evaluation may contribute in minimizing the incidence of post-operatiutcomes in the near future.Differential phase contrast (DPC) scanning transmission electron microscopy can directly visualize electromagnetic fields inside a specimen. However, their image contrast is not only sensitive to the electromagnetic fields in the sample, but also the changes in diffraction conditions such as sample bends or thickness changes. These additional contrasts are called diffraction contrasts, and sometimes make it difficult to extract pure electromagnetic field information from the experimental DPC images. In this study, we developed a beam scan system that can acquire many DPC images from the same sample region with arbitrarily varying incident beam tilt angles to the sample. Then, these images are precisely averaged to form tilt-scan averaged DPC images. It is shown that the diffraction contrast can be effectively reduced in the tilt-scan averaged DPC images.

The long-term outcomes after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer remain uncertain and the optimal surveillance strategy after curative surgery remains controversial.

In this study, the clinicopathological characteristics of patients who underwent curative thoracic esophagectomy between 1991 and 2015 at Toranomon Hospital were retrospectively analyzed and reviewed until December 2020. We evaluated the accumulated data regarding the pattern and rates of recurrence and second malignancy.

A total of 1054 patients were eligible for inclusion in the study. Of these, 97% were followed up for 5years, and the outcomes after 25years could be determined in 65.5%. Recurrence was diagnosed in 318 patients (30.2%), and the most common pattern was lymph node metastasis (n = 168, 52.8%). Recurrence was diagnosed within 1year in 174 patients (54.7%) and within 3years in 289 (90.9%). Second malignancy possibly occurred through the entire study period after esophagectomy even in early-stage cancer, keeping 2%-5% of the incidental risk. There was no significant difference in the prognosis between 3-year survivors with and without a second malignancy.

Most recurrences after resection of esophageal cancer occurred within 3years regardless of disease stage. However, these patients have an ongoing risk of developing a second malignancy after esophagectomy. Further consideration is required regarding the efficacy of long-term surveillance.

Most recurrences after resection of esophageal cancer occurred within 3 years regardless of disease stage. However, these patients have an ongoing risk of developing a second malignancy after esophagectomy. Further consideration is required regarding the efficacy of long-term surveillance.Mn-based layered transition metal oxides (TMOs) are promising cathodes for sodium ion batteries (SIBs) due to their eco-friendly character and abundant natural reserves. However, the complex phase changes and structural instability of the Mn-based layered TMO cathodes during electrochemical process are major hindrances to meet the commercial application. Cation substitution is an effective way to stabilize the structure and accelerate the Na+ kinetics of cathode materials. Herein, an intriguing layered P2-type Mn-based Na0.7 Li0.06 Zn0.06 Ni0.21 Mn0.67 O2 material is reported by substitution of Li and Zn for partial Ni. The occupation of inert elements on Ni sites could well maintain the crystal structure, giving rise to a prominent cycle life and improved electrochemical kinetics. The as-prepared electrode presents an initial discharge capacity of 131.8 mA h g-1 at 20 mA g-1 and preserves 91.9% capacity after 100 cycles, accompanied with enexcellent rate performance (108 mA h g-1 at 500 mA g-1 ). Furthermore, the single-phase reaction mechanism during the sodiation/desodiation process is verified by in situ X-ray diffraction.