Munchfaber8979
nes and helped guide immunotherapy strategies.The strong invasive and metastatic abilities of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells in the early stage are the main reason for its poor prognosis. The early diagnosis and treatment of OSCC may reduce the metastasis rate and improve the survival rate. The aim of this study was to explore candidate biomarkers related to the prognosis and progression of OSCC. We performed weighted gene coexpression network analysis to identify key modules and genes associated with OSCC and intersected the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-OSCC and GSE30784 datasets. Next, we performed survival analysis and immunohistochemistry to screen and validate the hub gene insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) mRNA binding protein 2 IGF2BP2. We also used TCGA pan-cancer data to verify that IGF2BP2 was expressed at high levels in a variety of cancers and was related to a poor prognosis in patients. Furthermore, we divided patients with OSCC into high and low expression groups based on the median expression level of IGF2BP2. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) showed that IGF2BP2 led to a poor prognosis in OSCC by affecting cancer-related (epithelial-mesenchymal transition, glycolysis, cell cycle, etc.) and immune-related biological functions and pathways. Single-sample GSEA (ssGSEA), CIBERSORT, and xCell algorithms helped reveal that high IGF2BP2 expression was accompanied by a significant reduction in the immune score, stromal score, and microenvironment score and a decrease in the number of infiltrating CD8+ T cells in OSCC. In addition, silencing IGF2BP2 suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of OSCC cells. In general, IGF2BP2 is a potential biomarker for the progression, immunotherapy response, and prognosis of OSCC.
With the rapid development of technology, artificial intelligence (AI) has been widely used in the diagnosis and prognosis prediction of a variety of diseases, including prostate cancer. Facts have proved that AI has broad prospects in the accurate diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer.
This study mainly summarizes the research on the application of artificial intelligence in the field of prostate cancer through bibliometric analysis and explores possible future research hotspots.
The articles and reviews regarding application of AI in prostate cancer between 1999 and 2020 were selected from Web of Science Core Collection on August 23, 2021. Microsoft Excel 2019 and GraphPad Prism 8 were applied to analyze the targeted variables. VOSviewer (version 1.6.16), Citespace (version 5.8.R2), and a widely used online bibliometric platform were used to conduct co-authorship, co-citation, and co-occurrence analysis of countries, institutions, authors, references, and keywords in this field.
A total of 2,74nvasive diagnosis and accurate minimally invasive treatment through deep learning technology will still be the research focus in the next few years.
Artificial intelligence has broad application prospects in prostate cancer, and a growing number of scholars are devoted to AI-related research on prostate cancer. Meanwhile, the cooperation among various countries and institutions needs to be strengthened in the future. It can be projected that noninvasive diagnosis and accurate minimally invasive treatment through deep learning technology will still be the research focus in the next few years.
This special cohort reveals the effect of smoking cessation in occupational miners exposed to radon and arsenic.
A total of 9,134 tin miners with at least 10 years of underground radon and arsenic exposure were enrolled beginning in 1992 and followed for up to 27 years. Detailed smoking information was collected at baseline, and information on smoking status was consecutively collected from 1992 to 1996. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to explore the relationship between time since smoking cessation and lung cancer.
A total of 1,324 lung cancer cases occurred in this cohort over 167,776 person-years of follow-up. Among populations exposed to radon and arsenic, miners after quitting smoking for 10 years or more had almost halved their lung cancer risk [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 0.55, 95% CI 0.38-0.79], compared with current smokers. Among miners after quitting smoking for 5 years or more, lung cancer incidence approximately halved (HR = 0.52, 95% CI 0.30-0.92) for squamous cell lung carcinoma, while it showed no significant decline for adenocarcinoma (HR = 0.79, 95% CI 0.34-1.85).
Smoking cessation for 10 years or more halved lung cancer incidence among miners exposed to radon and arsenic, and the benefit was more pronounced among squamous cell lung carcinoma.
Smoking cessation for 10 years or more halved lung cancer incidence among miners exposed to radon and arsenic, and the benefit was more pronounced among squamous cell lung carcinoma.The optimal management of intrahepatic malignancies involves a multidisciplinary approach. Although surgical resection has been considered the only curative approach, the use of several minimally invasive ablative techniques has dramatically increased the last two decades, mainly due to the fact that they provide similar oncological results with significantly decreased morbidity. Among these modalities, interstitial liver brachytherapy, probably the most flexible liver ablative method, with excellent clinical data on its safety and effectiveness, is frequently not even mentioned as an option in the current peer reviewed literature and guidelines. Brachytherapy is a type of radiotherapy utilizing radionuclides that are directly inserted into the tumor. Compared to external beam radiation therapy, brachytherapy has the potential to deliver an ablative radiation dose over a short period of time, with the advantage of a rapid dose fall-off, that allows for sparing of adjacent healthy tissue. For numerous malignancies such as skin, gynecological, breast, prostate, head and neck, bladder, liver and soft-tissue tumors, brachytherapy as a monotherapy or combined with external beam radiation therapy, has become a standard treatment for many decades. This review article aims to describe the high-dose-rate liver brachytherapy technique, its selection criteria, present its advantages and disadvantages, as well as the available clinical data, in order to help physicians to explore and hopefully introduce liver brachytherapy into their clinical routine.
To evaluate the preoperative predictive value of radiomics in the diagnosis of breast cancer (BC).
By searching PubMed and Embase libraries, our study identified 19 eligible studies. We conducted a meta-analysis to assess the differential value in the preoperative assessment of BC using radiomics methods.
Nineteen radiomics studies focusing on the diagnostic efficacy of BC and involving 5865 patients were enrolled. The integrated sensitivity and specificity were 0.84 (95% CI 0.80-0.87,
76.44%) and 0.83 (95% CI 0.78-0.87,
81.79%), respectively. The AUC based on the SROC curve was 0.91, indicating a high diagnostic value.
Radiomics has shown excellent diagnostic performance in the preoperative prediction of BC and is expected to be a promising method in clinical practice.
Radiomics has shown excellent diagnostic performance in the preoperative prediction of BC and is expected to be a promising method in clinical practice.
Aberrant activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling contributes to the maintenance of cancer stem cells and chemoresistance in colorectal cancer (CRC). Retinoic acid-induced 2 (RAI2) was proved to be a tumor suppressor in CRC in our previous report. In this study, the role of RAI2 in Wnt/β-catenin signaling was further investigated.
As a transcriptional co-regulator, C-terminal Binding Protein 2 (CtBP2) was reported to be involved in Wnt signaling in multiple and complex ways. The correlation of RAI2 and CtBP2 in CRC was analyzed by TCGA dataset, and the interaction between RAI2 and CtBP2 was explored by co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) in CRC cells. The effect of RAI2 on the activity of Wnt signaling and the location of β-catenin was detected by Dual-Luciferase reporter assay and Immunofluorescence respectively. Western blotting analysis was performed to detect the expression of target genes involved in Wnt signaling. Sphere formation assay was employed to detect the effect of RAI2 on stem cell like properties.ed chemosensitivity of these cells to oxaliplatin and fluorouracil.
Low expression of RAI2 can serve as an independent poor prognostic marker. RAI2 inhibits Wnt signaling by interacting with or down-regulating CtBP2, resulting in repression of stem cell-like properties and increased chemosensitivity of CRC cells.
Low expression of RAI2 can serve as an independent poor prognostic marker. RAI2 inhibits Wnt signaling by interacting with or down-regulating CtBP2, resulting in repression of stem cell-like properties and increased chemosensitivity of CRC cells.[This corrects the article DOI 10.3389/fonc.2021.714646.].Breast cancer (BC) is the most common type of cancer in women and, in most cases, it is hormone-dependent (HD), thus relying on ovarian hormone activation of intracellular receptors to stimulate tumor growth. Endocrine therapy (ET) aimed at preventing hormone receptor activation is the primary treatment strategy, however, about half of the patients, develop resistance in time. This involves the development of hormone independent tumors that initially are ET-responsive (HI), which may subsequently become resistant (HIR). The mechanisms that promote the conversion of HI to HIR tumors are varied and not completely understood. The aim of this work was to characterize the metabolic adaptations accompanying this conversion through the analysis of the polar metabolomes of tumor tissue and non-compromised mammary gland from mice implanted subcutaneously with HD, HI and HIR tumors from a medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA)-induced BC mouse model. This was carried out by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy of tissue polar extracts and data mining through multivariate and univariate statistical analysis. Initial results unveiled marked changes between global tumor profiles and non-compromised mammary gland tissues, as expected. More importantly, specific metabolic signatures were found to accompany progression from HD, through HI and to HIR tumors, impacting on amino acids, nucleotides, membrane percursors and metabolites related to oxidative stress protection mechanisms. For each transition, sets of polar metabolites are advanced as potential markers of progression, including acquisition of resistance to ET. Putative biochemical interpretation of such signatures are proposed and discussed.Enhancer RNAs (eRNAs) are present specifically in tumors, where they affect the expression of eRNA-regulated genes (ERGs). kira6 IRE1 inhibitor Owing to this characteristic, ERGs were hypothesized to improve prognosis of overall survival in heterogeneous low-grade and intermediate-grade gliomas. This study aimed to construct and validate an ERG prognostic tool to facilitate clinical management, and offer more effective diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers for glioma. Survival-related eRNAs were identified, and their ERGs were selected based on eRNA and target gene information. The ERG prognostic model was constructed and validated using internal and external validation cohorts. Finally, biological differences related to the ERG signature were analysed to explore the potential mechanisms influencing survival outcomes. Thirteen ERGs were identified and used to build an ERG risk signature, which included five super-enhancer RNA (seRNA)-regulated genes and five LGG-specific eRNA-regulated genes. The prognostic nomogram established based on combining the ERG score, age, and sex was evaluated by calibration curves, clinical utility, Harrell's concordance index (0.
