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Despite limitations of the study, the findings demonstrated that the use of a recently designed TI-FPD could be used for the tooth-implant connection in cases of partial edentulism and this may widen the treatment modalities by reducing the cost and need for extensive bone tissue augmentations. Further controlled longitudinal studies with larger patient groups are needed.

Tooth-implant connection, dental implant, fixed partial dentures, complications, implant prosthodontics.

Despite limitations of the study, the findings demonstrated that the use of a recently designed TI-FPD could be used for the tooth-implant connection in cases of partial edentulism and this may widen the treatment modalities by reducing the cost and need for extensive bone tissue augmentations. Further controlled longitudinal studies with larger patient groups are needed. Key wordsTooth-implant connection, dental implant, fixed partial dentures, complications, implant prosthodontics.

Silver diamine fluoride has attracted attention because of its clinical success in arresting dental caries. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different application times and concentrations of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) on deciduous tooth enamel remineralization.

Blocks of deciduous tooth enamel were categorized into six groups of 11 each 2 control groups intact enamel, and demineralized enamel; 38% SDF and 30% SDF which were subdivided according to application times (1 and 3 min). The microhardness of samples was determined, and all groups except the intact enamel group were subjected to pH cycling to produce initial carious lesions. The 38% and 30% SDF solutions were applied to the enamel for 1 or 3 min. After pH cycling and SDF treatments, the microhardness was again determined. Samples were sectioned to evaluate the cross-sectional microhardness. Furthermore, internal porosity of the samples was examined using micro-CT. Data were statistically analyzed by analysis of variance followed by Tukey's test, and linear regression analyses were performed.

There was no difference in enamel remineralization based on surface and cross-sectional microhardness. The 30% SDF solution applied for 3 min promoted significantly less pores than the other groups.

The 1-min application time promoted enamel remineralization regardless of the SDF concentration (30% or 38%).

Cariostatic agents, dental caries, primary tooth, tooth remineralization.

The 1-min application time promoted enamel remineralization regardless of the SDF concentration (30% or 38%). Key wordsCariostatic agents, dental caries, primary tooth, tooth remineralization.

The objective of this study was to assess the attitude, practice, and knowledge of Croatian dentists regarding infective endocarditis (IE) prophylaxis.

A cross-sectional, self-reporting questionnaire survey was conducted with the participation of 348 Croatian dentists. The questionnaire was designed to collect information on participants' work experience, place of work, their attitudes related to the treatment of IE-risk patients, knowledge and adherence to IE antibiotic prophylaxis guidelines.

Knowledge and adherence to the current guidelines decreased with the higher years of experience. Compliance with the current guidelines varied, mostly because of respondents' insecurity regarding which guidelines to follow. AHA guidelines have been most frequently the first choice (25% participants). Surprisingly, 23% of dentists didn't follow any of the official guidelines. The majority of participants (68%) have declared a lack of preparedness or willingness to treat the patients at risk of IE. Dentists with specialty or working at university/hospital have shown a higher level of knowledge and preparedness to treat IE-risk patients.

The lack of knowledge of guidelines and consequent inconsistencies in IE antibiotic prophylaxis in Croatian dental practice indicates the need for urgent improvement.

Antibiotic prophylaxis, dentistry, infective endocarditis.

The lack of knowledge of guidelines and consequent inconsistencies in IE antibiotic prophylaxis in Croatian dental practice indicates the need for urgent improvement. Key wordsAntibiotic prophylaxis, dentistry, infective endocarditis.

The aim of this study was to assess the anatomic aspects of the maxillary sinus septa, by means of computed tomography images, in a Brazilian population. The results might be of clinical significance in sinus lift surgery planning.

In the study, 123 computed tomographs obtained from a private radiology clinic were used. They were analyzed by a single, trained and calibrated observer in order to evaluate the presence, quantity, localizations, dimensions, orientations and different characteristics in dentate, partially edentulous and completely edentulous individuals of the sinus septa.

Of the individuals analyzed, 26% had a septum in the maxillary sinus, with 59.6% being classified as complete, 44.2% showed prevalence for the middle region of the maxillary sinus. There was no statistically significant difference between the right and left sides (

>0.05).

The majority of patients in the sample analyzed presented to septa in the maxillary sinuses, and when septa were present, a higher number of occurrence was noted in the middle region of the maxillary sinus. (This region is normally the choice of sinus lift surgery). There was no predilection relative to age, sex and type of dentition.

Multislice computed tomography, maxillary antrum, anatomic variation.

The majority of patients in the sample analyzed presented to septa in the maxillary sinuses, and when septa were present, a higher number of occurrence was noted in the middle region of the maxillary sinus. (This region is normally the choice of sinus lift surgery). There was no predilection relative to age, sex and type of dentition. Key wordsMultislice computed tomography, maxillary antrum, anatomic variation.

We aim to report a serie of odontogenic myxoma over a 40-year period.

We conducted a retrospective and sectional review of OM cases. The clinical, radiographic and treatment data were collected from clinical records included cases whose medical records contained clinical, radiographic, histopathological, follow-up data of at least six months.

There was a mild preference for the male with a mean age of 22.8 years. Seventy-seven percent of the lesions occurred in the posterior region of the mandible, presenting a multilocular radiolucent aspect (54%) with one presenting symptomatology. Conservative treatment was performed in all patients initially and recurrence was observed in two cases.

Odontogenic myxoma has a well-defined clinical profile and the choice of treatment should consider aspects such as patient's age, lesion size, and location.

Myxoma, odontogenic tumors, diagnosis, treatment.

Odontogenic myxoma has a well-defined clinical profile and the choice of treatment should consider aspects such as patient's age, lesion size, and location. Key wordsMyxoma, odontogenic tumors, diagnosis, treatment.

Oral Lichen Planus (OLP) is an inflammatory chronic disease. Modified World Health Organization (WHO) diagnostic criteria (2003) suggest diagnosing OLP both clinically and histologically. Furthermore, it is known the potential of malignant transformation of OLP, especially those affecting mucosa. Aims of this retrospective study on 100 patients were i) to estimate the timing of transformation of OLP lesions in OSCC in a cohort of patients observed between 2008 and 2018; ii) to assess risk factors of OLP patients diagnosed with OSCC; iii) to analyse forms of OLP evolved in cancer.

A database of 100 patients diagnosed with OLP was evaluated and clinical, histological features of lesions, habits of patients and systemic diseases were analysed in a follow up ranged between 5 and 10 years.

Mean time of malignant transformation was 31,62± 18,26 months; however, 4 malignant transformations out of 8 occurred about after 4 years of observation. Furthermore, Odds ratios for risk factors showed an association between malignant transformation and location.

More focused attention on follow-up scheduling and designing could be a valuable resource in early diagnosis and cancer prevention in OLP patients.

Oral Lichen Planus, Oral Cancer, Malignant transformation, risk factors.

More focused attention on follow-up scheduling and designing could be a valuable resource in early diagnosis and cancer prevention in OLP patients. Key wordsOral Lichen Planus, Oral Cancer, Malignant transformation, risk factors.The SARS-CoV-2 virus, caused a novel emerged coronavirus disease, is growing rapidly worldwide. Few studies have evaluated the efficacy and safety of Chloroquine (CQ), an old antimalarial drug, and Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in the treatment of COVID-19 infection. HCQ is derived from CQ by adding a hydroxyl group into it and is a less toxic derivative of CQ for the treatment of COVID-19 infection because it is more soluble. This article summarizes pharmacokinetic properties and toxicity considerations for CQ and HCQ, drug interactions, and their potential efficacy against COVID-19. The authors also look at the biochemistry changes and clinical uses of CQ and HCQ, and supportive treatments following toxicity occurs. It was believed that CQ and HCQ may provide few benefits to COVID-19 patients. this website A number of factors should be considered to keep the drug safe, such as dose, in vivo animal toxicological findings, and gathering of metabolites in plasma and/or tissues. The main conclusion of this review is that CQ and HCQ with considered to their ADMET properties has major shortcomings and fully irresponsible.The multi-bounce laser microphone utilizes optical methods to detect the displacement of a gold-covered thin film diaphragm caused by ultrasound signal pressure waves. This sensitive all-optical sensing technique provides new opportunities for advanced ultrasound imaging as it is expected to achieve a higher detection signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in a broader spectrum, as compared to conventional ultrasonic transducers. The technique does not involve signal time-averaging and the real-time enhancement in detection SNR stems from the amplification of signal strength due to multiple bouncing off the diaphragm. The system was previously developed for detecting acoustic signatures generated by explosives and were limited to lower than 10 kHz in frequency. To demonstrate its feasibility for biomedical imaging applications, preliminary experiments were conducted to show high fidelity detection of ultrasound waves with frequencies ranging from 100 kHz to in excess of 1 MHz. Experimental results are also presented in this work demonstrating the improved detection sensitivity of the multi-bounce laser microphone in detecting ultrasound signals when compared with a commercial Fabry-Perot type optical hydrophone. Furthermore, we also applied the multi-bounce laser microphone to detect photoacoustic signatures emitted by India ink when a LED bar is used as the excitation source without signal averaging.Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a common long-term complication of pulmonary embolism characterized by thromboembolic obstruction of the pulmonary arteries, vascular arteriopathy, vascular remodeling, and ultimately pulmonary hypertension (PH). Although pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) surgery is the standard of care, approximately 40% of patients in the international CTEPH registry were deemed inoperable. In addition to lifelong anticoagulation, the cornerstone of PH-specific medical management is riociguat, a soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator. Medical management should be started early in CTEPH patients and may be used as a bridge to PEA surgery or balloon pulmonary angiography. Medical management is indicated for inoperable CTEPH patients and patients who have recurrence of PH after PEA surgery.