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Femtosecond excited-state dynamics inside chlorosomal carotenoids from the photosynthetic germs Chloroflexus aurantiacus exposed simply by around infra-red pump-probe spectroscopy.
[Association regarding cadmium internal exposure along with long-term kidney condition within Chinese language adults].
To examine the psychological mediators of exercise adherence among older adults in a group-based physical activity randomized controlled trial.
Older adults (≥65 years) were randomized to one of three conditions as part of the "GrOup-based physical Activity for oLder adults" (GOAL) randomized controlled trial. These included similar age same gender (SASG) and similar age mixed gender (SAMG) exercise programs that were informed by the tenets of self-categorization theory, and a "standard" mixed age mixed gender (MAMG) exercise program. Participants represented a subgroup (n = 483, Mage = 71.41 years) from the larger trial (n = 627) who completed measures of the trial's putative psychological mediators (i.e., group cohesion and affective attitudes) over the course of the 24-week exercise programs.
Piecewise latent growth modeling revealed different trajectories between participants in the two intervention conditions (SASG, SAMG) when compared with the comparison MAMG condition with regard to perceptions oote older adults' exercise adherence behaviors. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
Numerous studies have found evidence of a link between perceived discrimination and unhealthy behavior, especially substance use. Within this body of literature, however, several studies have found unexpected evidence of a positive relation between perceived racial discrimination among African Americans-mostly women-and certain types of healthy behavior, primarily exercise and healthy eating. BTK inhibitor The current study further examined this positive relation, including an anticipated moderator optimism. It also examined the relation between perceived racial discrimination and a correlate of unhealthy behavior BMI.
Six waves of data were collected over 14 years in three related samples of African Americans from families participating in the Family and Community Health Study. Each family included an adolescent (Mage = 10.5 at Wave 1), the adolescent's primary caregiver (Mage = 37), and, in some cases, an older sibling of that adolescent (Mage = 13). Wave 1 Ns were 889, 889, and 295, respectively. Healthy behavior was defined as diet and exercise.
There was very little evidence of a long-term relation between perceived racial discrimination and BMI in any sample, and no evidence of a relation between discrimination and healthy behavior among the males. However, correlational analyses revealed a positive prospective relation between discrimination and healthy behavior among all three groups of females; structural equation modeling indicated that this relation was stronger among women who were high in optimism.
Perceived racial discrimination does not appear to be related to BMI among African Americans, but it is related to healthy behavior among Black females who are high in dispositional optimism. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
Perceived racial discrimination does not appear to be related to BMI among African Americans, but it is related to healthy behavior among Black females who are high in dispositional optimism. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
Sexual assault (SA) among college women is widespread and is associated with negative consequences including heavy drinking. link= BTK inhibitor However, women with SA histories are rarely the target of alcohol interventions, and existing alcohol interventions do not address the distal factors that contribute to heavy drinking in this group, such as emotion regulation and distress tolerance. The goal of this study was to evaluate a newly developed web-based alcohol intervention targeting college women with SA histories.
Heavy-drinking college women with SA histories (N = 21) reviewed a series of brief web-based alcohol reduction and regulatory (i.e., emotion regulation, distress tolerance) skill modules and provided feedback on each module.
Directed content analysis of open-ended survey responses resulted in three themes intervention content (i.e., what was said in the intervention), intervention delivery (i.e., the look and feel of the intervention), and areas for improvement (i.e., how to enhance the intervention). Quantitative ratings indicated that participants found skill modules moderately relevant and engaging, and qualitative themes and subthemes highlighted important areas for improvement.
Incorporating user feedback early in the intervention development process provides critical information for content and delivery modifications that may enhance the target population's engagement and satisfaction with the final product. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
Incorporating user feedback early in the intervention development process provides critical information for content and delivery modifications that may enhance the target population's engagement and satisfaction with the final product. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).[Correction Notice An Erratum for this article was reported in Vol 14(3) of Psychological Trauma Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy (see record 2022-33825-001). In this article, the length of time in which service dogs had been paired with Veterans was reported incorrectly in the third paragraph under the "Participants" heading of the "Methods" section whereby the sentence "Participants with a service dog had received their PTSD service dog an average of 51.5 months prior to participating in the study (range = 3-121.7 months, SD = 33.3)." should have read "Participants with a service dog had received their PTSD service dog an average of 20.9 months prior to participating in the study (range = 1.2-46.23 months, SD = 13.18)." All versions of this article have been corrected.] Objective The objective of this study was twofold to describe the benefits and drawbacks of a posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) service dog from the perspective of Veterans with service dogs and to compare these reports to the expecsuggest that the drawbacks expected from service dogs differ from the drawbacks experienced. Conclusion Understanding expectations versus experiences provides critical information for mental health professionals who are informing Veterans on individualized interventions for PTSD. This knowledge will enable professionals to temper expectations and educate Veterans on specific benefits and drawbacks so that they have a more rounded view of PTSD service dogs. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).Skills in emotional regulation are vitally important for enabling homeless young adults to navigate the complex and chaotic settings associated with homelessness. The current study seeks to test the construct, concurrent, and predictive validity of the Difficulties in Emotional Regulation Scale (DERS-18) in a sample of formerly and currently homeless young adults. link2 Data come from a study of HIV risk among young adults who have experienced homelessness, including both those currently experiencing homelessness (n = 99) and in permanent housing (n = 120), collected between 2017 and 2019 in Los Angeles, CA. link3 Structural Equation Modeling was used to complete Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Path Models focused on the relationship between mental health symptomatology and emotional regulation. Linear regression models tested the link between affective intensity and instability and the DERS-18. Model fit indices pointed to the five-factor solution of the DERS-18, excluding the Awareness subscale. Clinical scores of anxiety, depression, and PTSD were found to have a significant, positive correlation with DERS. BTK inhibitor Both intensity and instability of negative affect were associated with greater difficulty in emotional regulation, while the increased intensity of positive affect was associated with increased skills in emotional regulation. This study addressed several gaps in both homelessness and emotional regulation literature. The DERS-18 was found to have construct, concurrent, and predictive validity in our sample. Future work should consider the use of the DERS-18 to assess skills in emotional regulation, understand outcomes, and better tailor interventions for young adults who have experienced homelessness. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).The current study utilized an experimental design to investigate the utility of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)-3 Validity Scales for detecting overreporting and underreporting and the impact of these response sets on substantive scale scores. College students completed a battery of criterion measures before assignment to a Standard Instructions (SIs) Group (n = 288), an Overreporting Group (n = 250), or an Underreporting Group (n = 215). t tests demonstrated that scores on MMPI-3 overreporting indicators and most substantive scales were higher among the Overreporting Group relative to the SI group with very large effect sizes, and scores on MMPI-3 underreporting indicators were higher and most substantive scales scores were lower among the Underreporting Group relative to the SI group, with moderate to large effects. Classification accuracy estimates documented the effectiveness of MMPI-3 Validity Scales in detecting overreporting and underreporting. Bivariate correlations between MMPI-3 substantive scale scores and criterion measures (which were completed under SIs for all three groups) were substantially attenuated for both simulation groups relative to the SI Group. Bivariate correlations were also attenuated for groups identified as overreporting or underreporting using MMPI-3 Validity Scale scores relative to individuals with valid MMPI-3 protocols, highlighting the need for and importance of appraising threats to protocol validity when assessing personality and psychopathology by self-report. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).Contemporary conceptualizations of mindfulness refer to paying attention to the present moment with an open and nonjudgmental attitude. Empirical research is increasingly focusing on mindfulness as a dynamic and multifaceted state that can fluctuate across situations and time. The present study aimed to extend existing knowledge by using experience-sampling methodology to examine state-level mindfulness, pleasant/unpleasant event occurrence, and affective well-being in the everyday lives of middle-aged and older adults. A community-based sample of 157 participants aged 53-86 (M = 69.36, SD = 5.80) was recruited in May-June 2020. Participants completed assessments of multidimensional state mindfulness, hassle and uplift occurrence, and positive and negative affect on their smartphones, four times a day over 10 consecutive days. (Total observations 4,761; M = 30.32, SD = 8.78.) Multilevel models indicated that the state mindfulness-facets present-moment attention and nonjudgmental acceptance were predictive of greater affective well-being in older adulthood. Furthermore, nonjudgmental acceptance appeared to buffer affective reactivity to daily hassles, and importantly, this effect was stronger at older ages. link2 Mindful states did not appear to provide any further boost to uplift-related mood. The findings suggest that occasions characterized by relatively high present-moment attention and nonjudgmental acceptance may contribute to enhanced emotional well-being in later adulthood. Furthermore, adopting a nonevaluative and accepting orientation toward momentary experiences may be a psychological strategy that has particular utility for mitigating emotional reactivity to daily stressors with increasing age. Future research should investigate multidimensional state mindfulness and affective well-being for middle-aged and older adults participating in mindfulness-based interventions. link3 (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
