Enemarkrivas6588

This article documents the impact of a Nurse Practitioner-led primary health service for disadvantaged children living in housing instability or homelessness. It identifies that First Nations children miss out on essential primary care, particularly immunisation, but have less severe health conditions than non-First Nations children living in housing insecurity.

Health services for homeless populations focus on the 11% of rough sleepers, little is done for the 22% of children in Australia living in housing instability; many of whom are from First Nations families. Little is known of the health status of these children or their connections to appropriate primary health care.

This research implemented an innovative model of extended health care delivery, embedding a Nurse Practitioner in a homeless service to work with families providing health assessments and referrals, using clinically validated assessment tools. This article reports on proof of concept findings on the service that measured immunisation cultural norms of reciprocity.

Forty-three children were referred by the service to the Nurse Practitioner over a 6-month period, with nine identifying as First Nations children. Differences in severity levels between First Nations/non-First Nations children were Level 1, First Nations/non-First Nations 0/15%; Level 2, 10/17%; and Level 3, 45/29%. Forty-five percent of First Nations children had no health problems, as compared to 29% on non-First Nations children. Immunisation rates were low for both cohorts. No First Nations child was immunised and only 9% of the non-First Nations children. While numbers for both cohorts are too low for valid statistical analysis, the lower levels of severity for First Nations children suggest stronger extended family support and the positive impact of cultural norms of reciprocity.

Different methods of dietary intake assessment are frequently used to assess a population's diet. In this study, we aimed to compare the adherence to Swiss food-based dietary guidelines as depicted in two Swiss population-based surveys using different methods of dietary assessment.

Two population-based, cross-sectional surveys were compared. In the Swiss Health Survey, diet was assessed via a short set of questions on specific food groups, while in menuCH by two non-consecutive 24-hour dietary recall interviews.

To compare the diet depicted in these surveys, we used the Swiss food-based dietary guidelines on vegetable, fruit, dairy product, meat and meat product, fish, and alcohol. The weighted proportion of responders meeting these guidelines was calculated for both surveys and was compared overall and by selected characteristics.

Residents of Switzerland, selected from a stratified random sample of the non-institutionalized residents, who agreed to participate in the respective survey. To ensure comparability between the surveys, the age of the study populations was restricted to 18-75 years.

In menuCH, approximately 2% of responders met ≥4 of the selected Swiss food-based dietary guidelines. In the Swiss Health Survey, using a cruder dietary assessment, the corresponding percentage was 20%. In both surveys, more women and never smokers were meeting ≥4 food-based dietary guidelines compared to men and current or former smokers, respectively.

Our study comparing the diet in two population-based, representative surveys detected large variations in guideline adherence depending on the dietary assessment method used.

Our study comparing the diet in two population-based, representative surveys detected large variations in guideline adherence depending on the dietary assessment method used.

Around one in ten people who contract COVID-19 report persistent symptoms or 'long COVID'. Impaired mental health and well-being is commonly reported, including anxiety, depression and reduced quality of life. However, there is limited in-depth research exploring why mental health and well-being are affected in people experiencing long COVID.

To explore factors affecting mental health and well-being from the perspective of people with long COVID.

Semi-structured qualitative interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Twenty-one people with long COVID participated in the study. Participants were eligible if they self-reported a positive swab test/antibody test or one or more commonly reported COVID-19 symptoms at illness onset. and experiences of one or more long COVID symptoms ≥3 weeks following illness onset.

Five themes were identified across participant accounts regarding factors affecting mental health and well-being, including symptoms causing severe disruption to daily life, lack of service and treatment options, uncertainty of illness trajectories, experiences of care and understanding from others and changes to identity.

People with long COVID experience a range of factors that negatively affect their mental health and well-being. Providing patient-centred health services that integrate rapidly evolving research in this area is important, as are peer support groups and supported approaches to self-management.

People with long COVID experience a range of factors that negatively affect their mental health and well-being. Providing patient-centred health services that integrate rapidly evolving research in this area is important, as are peer support groups and supported approaches to self-management.

To examine the associations between adherence to plant-based diets and mortality.

prospective study. We calculated a plant-based diet index (PDI) by assigning positive scores to plant foods and reverse scores to animal foods. We also created a healthful PDI (hPDI) and an unhealthful PDI (uPDI) by further separate the healthy plant foods from less-healthy plant foods.

the VA Million Veteran Program.

315,919 men and women aged 19 to 104 years who completed a food frequency questionnaire at the baseline.

We documented 31,136 deaths during the follow-up. A higher PDI was significantly associated with lower total mortality [hazard ratio (HR) comparing extreme deciles =0.75, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.71 to 0.79, Ptrend <0.001]. We observed an inverse association between hPDI and total mortality (HR comparing extreme deciles =0.64, 95% CI 0.61 to 0.68, Ptrend <0.001), whereas uPDI was positively associated with total mortality (HR comparing extreme deciles =1.41, 95% CI 1.33 to 1.49, Ptrend <0.001). Similar significant associations of PDI, hPDI, and uPDI were also observed for CVD and cancer mortality. The associations between the plant-based diet indices and total mortality were consistent among African and European American participants, and participants free from CVD and cancer and those who were diagnosed with major chronic disease at baseline.

A greater adherence to a plant-based diet was associated with substantially lower total mortality in this large population of veterans. These findings support recommending plant-rich dietary patterns for the prevention of major chronic diseases.

A greater adherence to a plant-based diet was associated with substantially lower total mortality in this large population of veterans. These findings support recommending plant-rich dietary patterns for the prevention of major chronic diseases.The main aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of sodium intake and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) on body composition. The study was also intended to assess whether sodium intake and/or CRF mediate the genetic susceptibility to obesity. Analyses were performed on a sample of 526 adult participants from the Quebec Family Study for whom a complete data set was available for nutrient and energy intake, CRF, and body composition variables. The effects of sodium, CRF, and their interaction were analyzed by comparing sex-specific tertiles using general linear mixed models. In both males and females, we observed a significant effect of sodium intake and CRF on all body composition variables. However, in females only, we found that the effect of sodium intake on body composition variables varies according to CRF level such that high sodium intake was associated with increased body fatness, but only in females with low CRF. This interaction effect remained significant after statistical adjustment for total sugar, fat, and energy intake. Using mediation analysis, we also found sodium intake and CRF to be significant mediators of the relationship between a polygenic risk score of obesity based on >500,000 genetic variants and BMI or waist circumference. In conclusion, this study shows that sodium intake influences body composition via mechanisms that interact with aerobic fitness, especially in females. Furthermore, both sodium intake and CRF seem to be involved in the expression of the genetic susceptibility to obesity.The nineteenth-century museum and auction house are seemingly distinct spaces with opposing functions while the former represents a contemplative space that accumulates objects of art and science, the latter provides a forum for lively sales events that disperse wares to the highest bidders. This contribution blurs the border between museums and marketplaces by studying the Berlin Zoological Museum's duplicate specimen auctions between 1818 and the 1840s. It attends to the operations and tools involved in commodifying specimens as duplicates, particularly the auction catalogue. The paper furthermore contextualizes the museum's sales in a broader history of duplicate auctions across Berlin's collection landscape.

Severe paediatric obstructive sleep apnoea in typically developing children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy is primarily managed surgically. Non-emergency ENT surgery was paused early in the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and children were offered medical management for obstructive sleep apnoea.

A service evaluation was performed to assess the impact of continuous positive airway pressure alongside medical management for severe obstructive sleep apnoea.

Over 5 months during 2020, in a tertiary care setting, two children (one boy and one girl), aged 2.7 years and 4.1 years, were offered continuous positive airway pressure and medical treatments for severe obstructive sleep apnoea whilst surgery was paused during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Both children failed to establish continuous positive airway pressure therapy because of ongoing disturbed sleep on ventilation, and they proceeded to adenotonsillectomy. Selleckchem Deutivacaftor Sleep-Related Breathing Disorder scale scores improved following surgical intervention.

Continuous positive airway pressure therapy is poorly tolerated in children with severe obstructive sleep apnoea secondary to adenotonsillar hypertrophy. Surgery remains the most appropriate treatment.

Continuous positive airway pressure therapy is poorly tolerated in children with severe obstructive sleep apnoea secondary to adenotonsillar hypertrophy. Surgery remains the most appropriate treatment.

E-cigarettes (ECs) are gaining popularity in Turkey among smokers. With the rapid increase of EC consumption, it is important to ascertain how family physicians (FPs) perceive ECs as they play a key role in providing smoking cessation services.

Our main objectives were to determine FPs' level of awareness and harm reduction perceptions of ECs and to delineate the factors associated with their counseling practices.

This was a cross-sectional study with descriptive and analytical components. Data were collected through questionnaires. Questions mainly focused on demographic characteristics, knowledge and own use of ECs, general attitudes towards ECs, and daily practices while performing counseling on tobacco use. In order to control confounding factors, logistic regression analysis was performed.

Among a total of 271 FPs, 49.1% (n = 133) were males and the median age (IQR) was 41 years (32-46). Almost one-fifth of the FPs (n = 52) reported that they did not provide counseling services to their smoking patients.