Gordondriscoll6642

Single crystals of a non-centrosymmetric and polar Cs2Bi2O(Ge2O7) compound were grown from melt. This material was characterized by polarized Raman scattering at room temperature. The comparison to the polycrystalline IR and Raman spectra has been made and assignment of all observed modes to the respective vibrations and their symmetry has been proposed. Our results show that this crystal is promising SRS-active nonlinear optical material for up- and down-Raman laser-frequency converters with the most intense lasing line at 481 cm-1. Optical studies show that Cs2Bi2O(Ge2O7) exhibits intense absorption bands with peaks maxima at 260 and 293 nm (77 K) typical for 1S0→1,3P1 transitions of Bi3+ ions, which are parity-allowed due to spin-orbit coupling as well as unexpected band centered at 360 nm that was assigned to intervalence charge transfer transition.Exosomes and their internal components have been proven to play critical roles in cell-cell interactions and intrinsic cellular regulations, showing promising prospects in both biomedical and clinical fields. Although conventional methods have so far been utilized to great effect, accurate bioanalysis remains a major challenge. In recent years, the fast-paced development of nanomaterials with unique physiochemical properties has led to a boom in the potential bioapplications of such materials. In particular, the application of nanomaterials in exosome bioanalysis provides a great opportunity to overcome the current challenges and limitations of conventional methods. A timely review of the research progress in this field is thus of great significance to the continued development of new methods. This review outlines the properties and potential uses of exosomes, and discusses the conventional methods currently used for their analysis. We then focus on exploring the current state of the art regarding the use of nanomaterials for the isolation, detection and even the subsequent profiling of exosomes. The main methods are based on principles including fluorescence, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, colorimetry, electrochemistry, and surface plasmon resonance. Additionally, research on exosome-based nanomaterials tumor therapy is also promising from a clinical perspective, so the research progress in this branch is also summarized. Finally, we look at ways in which the field might develop in the future.Naltrexone (NTX) is a nonspecific opioid antagonist that exerts pharmacological effects on the opioid axis by blocking opioid receptors distributed in cytoplastic and nuclear regions. NTX has been used in opioid use disorder (OUD), immune-associated diseases, alcoholism, obesity, and chronic pain for decades. However, low-dose naltrexone (LDN) also exhibits remarkable inhibition of DNA synthesis, viability, and other functions in numerous cancers and is involved in immune remodeling against tumor invasion and chemical toxicity. The potential anticancer activity of LDN is a focus of basic research. Herein, we summarize the associated studies on LDN oncotherapy to highlight the potential mechanisms and prospective clinical applications.

Radiation therapy is one of the main cancer treatment modalities applied in 50-70% of cancer patients. Despite the many advantages of this treatment, such as non-invasiveness, organ-preservation, and spatiotemporal flexibility in tumor targeting, it can lead to complications in irradiated healthy cells/tissues. In this regard, the use of radio-protective agents can alleviate radiation-induced complications. This study aimed to review the potential role of alpha-lipoic acid in the prevention/reduction of radiation-induced toxicities on healthy cells/tissues.

A systematic search was performed following PRISMA guidelines to identify relevant literature on the "role of alpha-lipoic acid in the treatment of radiotherapy-induced toxicity" in the electronic databases of Web of Science, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus up to January 2021. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the present study, 278 articles were screened. Finally, 29 articles were included in this systematic review.

The obtained results showed that in experimental in vivo models, the radiation-treated groups had decreased survival rate and body weight compared to the control groups. It was also found that radiation can induce mild to severe toxicities on gastrointestinal, circulatory, reproductive, central nervous, respiratory, endocrine, exocrine systems, etc. However, the use of alpha-lipoic acid could alleviate the radiation-induced toxicities in most cases. This radio-protective agent exerts its effects through mechanisms of anti-oxidant, anti-apoptosis, anti-inflammatory, and so on.

According to the obtained results, it can be mentioned that co-treatment of alpha-lipoic acid with radiotherapy ameliorates the radiation-induced toxicities in healthy cells/tissues.

According to the obtained results, it can be mentioned that co-treatment of alpha-lipoic acid with radiotherapy ameliorates the radiation-induced toxicities in healthy cells/tissues.There is significant association between obesity and depression. Naltrexone/Bupropion (NB) is indicated for treatment of overweight and obesity (BMI ≥27 kg/m2 with a comorbidity or ≥30 kg/m2). This post-hoc analysis examines safety and efficacy of NB and placebo among individuals with overweight or obesity who were also taking antidepressant therapy during the LIGHT trial (N=8910). Momelotinib JAK inhibitor Subjects were divided into four subgroups NB + antidepressants (n=1150), NB without antidepressants (n=3300), placebo + antidepressants (n=1127) and placebo without antidepressants (n=3317). Among subjects taking NB, the combined incidence of serious adverse events (AEs) and AEs leading to treatment discontinuation was not significantly different between those on antidepressants and those who were not. The key weight-loss efficacy analyses were performed on NB or placebo-treated subjects who remained on study therapy through 104 weeks and who did or did not have documented antidepressant use at each of the baseline, week 52 and week 104 visits (Completers N=1811; 47.0% female, 86.9% white, mean age of 61 years, mean baseline BMI 37.4 kg/m2). The mean adjusted weight change in subjects taking antidepressants was numerically, but not significantly greater for NB vs. placebo (-6.3% vs. -4.3%). For those subjects not on antidepressants, weight loss was significantly greater for NB vs. PL (-6.8% vs. -3.6%). NB is generally well tolerated in patients with overweight or obesity who are on antidepressants and is effective in promoting weight loss regardless of antidepressant use. These results show that for patients on antidepressant therapy, NB may be an effective option for obesity management.

To compare physicians' ability to read Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) in patients with a large vessel occlusion within 6 hours of symptom onset when assisted by a machine learning-based automatic software tool, compared with their unassisted score.

50 baseline CT scans selected from two prior studies (CRISP and GAMES-RP) were read by 3 experienced neuroradiologists who were provided access to a follow-up MRI. The average ASPECT score of these reads was used as the reference standard. Two additional neuroradiologists and 6 non-neuroradiologist readers then read the scans both with and without assistance from the software reader-augmentation program and reader improvement was determined. The primary hypothesis was that the agreement between typical readers and the consensus of 3 expert neuroradiologists would be improved with software augmented vs. unassisted reads. Agreement was based on the percentage of the individual ASPECT regions (50 cases, 10 regions each; N=500) where agreement was achieved.

Typical non-neuroradiologist readers agreed with the expert consensus read in 72% of the 500 ASPECTS regions, evaluated without software assistance. The automated software alone agreed in 77%. When the typical readers read the scan in conjunction with the software, agreement improved to 78% (P<0.0001, test of proportions). The software program alone achieved correlations for total ASPECT scores that were similar to the expert readers who had access to the follow-up MRI scan to help enhance the quality of their reads.

Typical readers had statistically significant improvement in their scoring of scans when the scan was read in conjunction with the automated software, achieving agreement rates that were comparable to neuroradiologists.

Typical readers had statistically significant improvement in their scoring of scans when the scan was read in conjunction with the automated software, achieving agreement rates that were comparable to neuroradiologists.

To compare image quality, radiation, and contrast medium (CM) doses between individualized and conventional scan protocols in combined coronary CT angiography (CCTA) and iliac artery CTA for kidney transplantation patients.

148 patients needing assessment for coronary and iliac arteries before kidney transplantation were prospectively enrolled and randomly divided into the conventional and individualized groups. All patients underwent one-stop combined scans on a 256-row CT scanner with automatic tube current modulation, 50 % pre-ASIR-V to control radiation dose. CCTA was performed first using one heartbeat axial scan mode with bolus tracking technique and iliac CTA was performed 3 s after CCTA using a spiral scan. The conventional group (n = 72) used the standard protocol 100 kVp, 60 mL of 350 mgI/mL CM at 4.5 mL/s flow rate. The individualized group (n = 76) used a body-mass-index (BMI)-dependent protocol kVp 80 (BMI < 24) and 100 (BMI ≥ 24) and CM 19 mgI/kg (BMI < 18); 21 mgI/kg (18 ≤ BMI < 24hile maintaining image quality in iliac artery CTA and providing better coronary artery images in CCTA.

The individualized scanning protocol in the one-stop assessment of coronary and iliac arteries before kidney transplantation significantly reduces both radiation and CM doses while maintaining image quality in iliac artery CTA and providing better coronary artery images in CCTA.

To compare the diagnostic performance of texture analysis (TA) against visual qualitative assessment in the differentiation of spondyloarthritis (SpA) from degenerative changes in the sacroiliac joints (SIJ).

Ninety patients referred for suspected inflammatory lower back pain from the rheumatology department were retrospectively included at our university hospital institution. MRI at 3 T of the lumbar spine and SIJ was performed with oblique coronal T1-weighted (w), fluid-sensitive fat-saturated (fs) TIRM and fsT1w intravenously contrast-enhanced (CE) images. Subjects were divided into three age- and gender-matched groups (30 each) based on definite clinical diagnosis serving as clinical reference standard with either degenerative, inflammatory (SpA) or no changes of the SIJ. SIJ were rated qualitatively by two independent radiologists and quantitatively by region-of-interest-based TA with 304 features subjected to machine learning logistic regression with randomized ten-fold selection of training and validation data. Qualitative and quantitative results were evaluated for diagnostic performance and compared against clinical reference standard.

Agreement of radiologist's diagnose with clinical reference was fair for both readers (κ = 0.32 and 0.44). ROC statistics revealed significant outperformance of TA compared to qualitative ratings for differentiation of SpA from remainder (AUC = 0.89 vs. 0.75), SpA from degenerative (AUC = 0.91 vs. 0.67) and TIRM-positive SpA (i.e. with bone marrow edema) from remainder cases (AUC = 0.95 vs. 0.76). T1w-CE images were the most important discriminator for detection of SpA.

TA is superior to qualitative assessment for the differentiation of inflammatory from degenerative changes of the SIJ. Intravenous CE-images increase diagnostic yield in quantitative TA.

TA is superior to qualitative assessment for the differentiation of inflammatory from degenerative changes of the SIJ. Intravenous CE-images increase diagnostic yield in quantitative TA.