Mcnallycharles7725

Key Points• A styrene-derived pathway was established in yeast for 2-phenylethanol productions; membrane-associated styrene oxide isomerase was functional in yeast.• Transporter engineering to improve the L-phenylalanine importation with enhanced 2-phenylethanol productions.

To demonstrate the technique and effectiveness of the bridle operation for oculomotor nerve paralysis with maintained elevation.

The bridle operation includes transposition of the lateral rectus muscle (passing behind inferior oblique and rectus muscles) and the superior rectus muscle (behind superior oblique tendon and medial rectus muscle) to the nasal inferior surface of the globe.

In the reported case, this procedure corrected exo-hypertropia of 30-40°/20-30° without inducing cyclotropia.

The bridle operation expands the surgical arsenal for paralytic strabismus.

The bridle operation expands the surgical arsenal for paralytic strabismus.

Prostate cancer leads to worse quality of life due to treatment and consequences of disease; benefits of physical exercise remain unclear on the improvement of quality of life in this population. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of physical exercise in improving quality of life in patients with prostate cancer.

A systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out. For the search of studies, we used electronics databases such as Cochrane Library, MEDLINE via PUBMED, Regional Health Portal, and EMBASE, without language restrictions or year of publication. The descriptors used were as follows "prostatic neoplasms," "exercise," and "quality of life." The risk analysis of bias in the meta-analysis was based on the Cochrane Collaboration Tool. For statistical analysis, the fixed effects model was used. Randomized controlled trials were included, which had a sample of patients with stage I-IV prostate cancer and that the intervention was aerobic physical exercise (AE) or resistance physicathe studies increase the analysis bias.

Radiation esophagitis is a critical adverse event that needs to be appropriately managed while administering thoracic irradiation. This trial aimed to investigate whether sodium alginate has preventative effects on esophagitis in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT).

Patients with untreated stage III NSCLC who were eligible for concurrent CRT were randomly assigned at a 111 ratio to receive one of the following treatments initial or late use of oral sodium alginate (arms A and B) or water as control (arm C). The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients developing G3 or worse esophagitis.

Overall, 94 patients were randomly assigned between February 2014 and September 2018. The study was prematurely terminated because of slow accrual. The proportions of patients with G3 or worse esophagitis were 12.5%, 9.8%, and 19.4% in arms A, B, and C, respectively. Patients receiving sodium alginate had fewer onsets of G3 esophagitis; however, differences compared with arm C were not significant (A vs. C p = 0.46; B vs. C p = 0.28). The rates of grade 3 or worse non-hematologic toxicities besides esophagitis were 29%, 26%, and 43% in arms A, B, and C, respectively. Interestingly, compared with arm C, a low rate of febrile neutropenia was observed in arm A (3.1% vs. 19.4% p = 0.04).

Sodium alginate did not show significant preventative effects on radiation-induced esophagitis in patients with NSCLC. The frequency of CRT-induced febrile neutropenia was lower in the early use sodium alginate arm.

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier Registry number UMIN000013133.

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier Registry number UMIN000013133.

To discuss the role of benzydamine in the prevention and treatment of radiation-induced oral mucositis (OM) in head and neck (H&N) cancer patients. This document represents an expert opinion paper on indications and key-role aspects in OM pathogenesis, prevention and treatment.

OM represents a common side effect of chemotherapy (CHT) and radiotherapy (RT). It consists in a painful erythema involving the oral cavity mucosa, which may progress to ulceration. Five biologically dynamic phases are considered crucial in mucositis "initiation, signalling, amplification, ulceration and healing". Oral environment and microbiota are fundamental in mucositis development being involved in susceptibility to infections and in ulceration consequences. Different agents against mucositis have been studied and the use of benzydamine is strongly supported in literature. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/od36.html The Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer and International Society for Oral Oncology (MASCC/ISOO) guidelines recommend its use for the for OM prevention and treatment in H&N cancer patients, but further "real world" trials should be designed.

To assess postoperative complications and control of hormone secretions following pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) performed on multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) patients with duodenopancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (DP-NETs).

The use of PD to treat MEN1 remains controversial, and evaluating the right place of PD in MEN1 disease makes sense.

Thirty-one MEN1 patients from the Groupe d'étude des Tumeurs Endocrines MEN1 cohort who underwent PD for DP-NETs between 1971 and 2013 were included. Early and late postoperative complications, secretory control and overall survival were analyzed.

Indication for surgery was Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (n = 18; 58%), nonfunctioning tumor (n = 9; 29%), insulinoma (n = 2; 7%), VIPoma (n = 1; 3%) and glucagonoma (n = 1; 3%). Mean follow-up was 141months (range 0-433). Pancreatic fistulas occurred in 5 patients (16.1%), distant metastases in 6 (mean onset of 43months; range 13-110months), postoperative diabetes mellitus in 7 (22%), and pancreatic exocrine insufficiency in 6 (19%). Five-year overall survival was 93.3% [CI 75.8-98.3] and ten-year overall survival was 89.1% [CI 69.6-96.4]. After a mean follow-up of 151months (range 0-433), the biochemical cure rate for MEN-1 related gastrinomas was 61%.

In MEN1 patients, pancreatoduodenectomy can be used to control hormone secretions (gastrin, glucagon, VIP) and to remove large NETs. PD was found to control gastrin secretions in about 60% of cases.

In MEN1 patients, pancreatoduodenectomy can be used to control hormone secretions (gastrin, glucagon, VIP) and to remove large NETs. PD was found to control gastrin secretions in about 60% of cases.

To determine the characteristics of eyes with treatment-naïve quiescent choroidal neovascularization (CNV) detected by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Thirty-eight eyes of 37 treatment-naïve consecutive patients (30 men, 7 women, average 69.8 years) were studied. Quiescent CNVs were detected by OCTA (RTVue XR Avanti, Optovue, Fremont, CA) in all eyes. Swept-source OCT (SS-OCT; DRI-OCT, Topcon, Japan) confirmed the absence of exudation. The symptoms, visual acuity, CNV size, and status of the fellow eye were evaluated. link2 Patients were followed longitudinally and the length of follow-up period and development of exudation were recorded for each patient. We also investigated patients' medical records from their referral hospitals in search of prior exudation.

All eyes with quiescent CNV were diagnosed at the initial visit with sub-retinal pigment epithelium CNVs, i.e., type 1 CNV, from the OCT and OCTA images. Prior exudation was confirmed in 15 eyes (39.5%) from their medical records of the referral hospitals. Symptoms were present in 18 eyes (47.3%). An exudative CNV was present in 12 of the fellow eyes. link3 Exudation developed in 12 eyes (31.6%) during an average follow-up period of 25.1 months. One-half of the eyes had a prior exudation. The CNV at the baseline in eyes that developed exudation during the follow-up period was larger than eyes without exudation; however, the difference was not significant (0.59±0.47 vs 0.48±0.32 mm

, P = 0.50).

Quiescent CNVs will develop exudation in approximately 30% of the eyes during a mean 2-year follow-up period. These findings must be remembered when investigating quiescent CNVs that could not be distinguished from eyes with former active CNV and naturally deactivate CNV.

Quiescent CNVs will develop exudation in approximately 30% of the eyes during a mean 2-year follow-up period. These findings must be remembered when investigating quiescent CNVs that could not be distinguished from eyes with former active CNV and naturally deactivate CNV.

To describe the ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) findings of extremely rare ciliary body lymphoma.

This was a retrospective noncomparative case series study. Five patients (8 affected eyes) diagnosed with ciliary body lymphoma at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 2008 to 2019 were included. The UBM findings, including the location, height, and acoustic features, were documented to assess the tumour characteristics.

UBM in all 8 (100%) affected eyes revealed 360° ring-like, solid infiltration of the ciliary body with low and homogeneous internal reflectivity. The continuity of the tumours could be most vividly demonstrated by transverse sections.

Ciliary body lymphoma tends to grow in a characteristic circumferential 360° pattern, and the name "ring lymphoma of the ciliary body" is proposed.

Ciliary body lymphoma tends to grow in a characteristic circumferential 360° pattern, and the name "ring lymphoma of the ciliary body" is proposed.

The aim of this study was to give a systematic overview over the rate and location of concomitant injuries, the probability of suffering from neurological deficits, and to give evidence of the timing of surgery in severely injured patients with unstable thoracic vertebral body fractures.

This review is based on articles retrieved by a systematic search in the PubMed and Web of Science database for publications up to November 2020 dealing with unstable fractures of the mid-thoracic spine.

Altogether, 1109 articles were retrieved from the literature search. A total of 1095 articles were excluded. Thus, 16 remaining original articles were included in this systematic review depicting the topics timing of surgery in polytraumatized patients, outcome neurologic deficits, and impact of concomitant injuries. The overall level of evidence of the vast majority of studies is low.

The evidence of the available literature is low. The cited studies reveal that thoracic spinal fractures are associated with a high number of neurological deficits and concomitant injuries, particularly of the thoracic cage and the lung. Thereby, diagnostic algorithm should include computer tomography of the whole thoracic cage if there is any clinical sign of concomitant injuries. Patients with incomplete neurologic deficits benefit from early surgery consisting of decompression and long-segmental stabilization.

The evidence of the available literature is low. The cited studies reveal that thoracic spinal fractures are associated with a high number of neurological deficits and concomitant injuries, particularly of the thoracic cage and the lung. Thereby, diagnostic algorithm should include computer tomography of the whole thoracic cage if there is any clinical sign of concomitant injuries. Patients with incomplete neurologic deficits benefit from early surgery consisting of decompression and long-segmental stabilization.