Mahmoodgould0457
Converging evidence has demonstrated that there is aberrant connectivity of the default-mode network (DMN) in left temporal lobe epilepsy (lTLE) yet changes in the network homogeneity (NH) of the DMN in people with first-episode, treatment-naive lTLE remains unclear. In this study, we used an NH method to investigate the NH of the DMN in people with first-episode, treatment-naive, lTLE, at rest.
We collected resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI), and attention network test (ANT) data from 43 people with lTLE and 42well-matched, healthy control subjects. An NH approach was used to analyze the data.
People with lTLE have decreased NH in the right inferior temporal gyrus (ITG) and the left middle temporal lobe (MTG), and increased NH in the bilateral precuneus (PCu) and right inferior parietal lobe (IPL), as compared with the controls. We also found that people with lTLE had a longer executive control reaction time (RT). No significant correlations were found between abnormal NH values and clinical variables in the subjects.
These findings suggest that abnormal NH of the DMN exists in lTLE subjects and highlight the significance of the DMN in the pathophysiology of cognitive problems occurring in lTLE.
These findings suggest that abnormal NH of the DMN exists in lTLE subjects and highlight the significance of the DMN in the pathophysiology of cognitive problems occurring in lTLE.
The attention network is the structural basis of cognitive function. As one of the two known attention networks, the ventral attention network (VAN) has a significant impact on the cognitive impairment of patients with epilepsy. Nevertheless, changes in network homogeneity (NH) are rarely reported in the VAN of right temporal lobe epilepsy (rTLE) patients. Therefore, we explored the NH of the VAN in rTLE patients in this study.
Seventy rTLE patients and 69 healthy controls were recruited. All participants underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), which was the primary method of evaluation. The executive control reaction time (ECRT) was examined via the attentional network test. The Data Processing Assistant for Resting-State fMRI (DPARSF) was used to analyze NH. selleck kinase inhibitor The independent component analysis (ICA) and correlation analysis were used in data analysis.
Compared to the control group, patients with right temporal lobe epilepsy showed a lower NH in the right superior temporal gyrus, and a longer ECRT. However, abnormal NH values had no significant association with the clinical measurements.
Patients with right temporal lobe epilepsy have abnormal NH values in the VAN, and the executive functions in rTLE patients are also altered. The altered NH values in VAN may help provide new insights into the pathophysiology of cognitive impairment in rTLE.
Patients with right temporal lobe epilepsy have abnormal NH values in the VAN, and the executive functions in rTLE patients are also altered. The altered NH values in VAN may help provide new insights into the pathophysiology of cognitive impairment in rTLE.
Neurocognitive impairment is one of the most common manifestations of multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the pathophysiology of this issue is still poorly understood. The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between vitamin D levels and cognitive function in patients with MS as assessed by the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB).
This was a cross-sectional, case-control study; the subjects were 39 Saudi patients diagnosed with MS. For all participants, demographic information, including age, sex, and educational level, was collected. Participants were also evaluated using the disease steps scale and the PHQ-9 scale. Their vitamin D levels were assessed, and the participants completed a computerized cognitive assessment using the CANTAB.
From the total sample of 39 patients with MS, 31 (79.5%) were female. Physical disability due to MS was insignificant in 25 (64.1%) of the subjects and significant in 14 (35.9%). Seventeen (43.6%) of the participants had normategy correlated with the number of relapses in the past 12 months (r = -0.355, p < 0.05).
Cognitive performance was impaired in patients with MS. Vitamin D deficiency, a potentially modifiable risk factor, independently predicted cognitive impairment in MS patients.
Cognitive performance was impaired in patients with MS. Vitamin D deficiency, a potentially modifiable risk factor, independently predicted cognitive impairment in MS patients.
LncRNA XIST has been reported to act as diverse function in different human diseases. Our study is designed to detect the role of lncRNA XIST and the regulatory mechanisms of XIST/miR-486-5p/GAB2 in cerebral I/R injury.
In our article, SH-SY5Y cells were treated with oxygen-glucose deprivation reperfusion (OGDR) to mimic I/R injury. RT-qPCR assay was performed to detect the mRNA expression of XIST, GAB2 and miR-486-5p. The correlation between XIST and miR-486-5p, miR-486-5p and GAB2 were verified by RT-qPCR assay and Dual-Luciferase reporter assay. MTT assay was used to detect cell viability of SH-SY5Y cells treated with I/R. The protein expression of GAB2, apoptosis-related proteins (Bax/Bcl-2) were explored by Western blot assay.
XIST and GAB2 were significantly highly expressed, while miR-486-5p was low expressed in SH-SY5Y cells under I/R. XIST exacerbated the oxidative damage of I/R cells. Moreover, XIST was found to restrain cell viability and induce cell apoptosis. For our experiment, miR-486-5p was a target of XIST, and GAB2 was a downstream gene of miR-486-5p. Furthermore, miR-486-5p mimic promoted cell proliferation and inhibited cell apoptosis, while XIST co-transfection reversed the effect of miR-486-5p. In addition, XIST was found to impair the inhibitory effect of miR-486-5p on expression of GAB2 in I/R cells.
Our results indicated that XIST promoted cerebral I/R injury via modulating miR-486-5p and GAB2.
Our results indicated that XIST promoted cerebral I/R injury via modulating miR-486-5p and GAB2.
To investigate the expression and clinical significance of microRNA-146a, Aβ1-42, and tau protein in the peripheral blood of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD).
A total of 98 AD patients admitted to our hospital were selected as the experimental group and 50 healthy individuals were selected as the control group. The correlations between microRNA-146a, Aβ1-42, and tau protein were analyzed using receiver operating curves to evaluate the value of microRNA-146a in predicting AD. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to preliminarily explore the possible mechanisms of microRNA-146a in the pathogenesis of AD.
MicroRNA-146a, Aβ1-42 and tau protein were differentially expressed between AD patients and healthy individuals (p<0.05). microRNA-146a was negatively correlated with Aβ1-42 (r=-0.882, p<0.05) but was not correlated with tau protein (p>0.05). The ROC curve showed that the area under the curve for microRNA-146a could be used to predict AD with an accuracy of 0.879 (95% CI 0.812-0.947). Bioinformatics analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of microRNA-146a may be involved in the pathogenesis of AD through the regulation of multiple signaling pathways, including the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, the neurotransmitter regulatory signaling pathways, and other pathways that affect the inflammatory response, synapse formation, and other biological processes.
MicroRNA-146a, Aβ1-42 and tau protein are differentially expressed in the peripheral blood of AD patients. These proteins may be involved in the pathogenesis of AD by regulating the activity of multiple signaling pathways and the expression of the Aβ1-42 protein.
MicroRNA-146a, Aβ1-42 and tau protein are differentially expressed in the peripheral blood of AD patients. These proteins may be involved in the pathogenesis of AD by regulating the activity of multiple signaling pathways and the expression of the Aβ1-42 protein.
Kallikrein-8 (KLK8) is a secreted serine protease related to learning and memory. Evidence has confirmed the important role of KLK8 in neuroplasticity. However, the role of KLK8 in vascular dementia (VaD) is unclear.
The study recruited 88 VaD patients and 72 normal controls. All subjects were tested for cognitive function by Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) upon admission, and their demographic and biochemical data were collected. A sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) test was used to detect serum KLK8 levels. The demographic and biochemical data of the two groups of subjects were compared. Spearman's correlation and multivariate regression analysis were used to determine whether serum KLK8 in VaD patients is a risk factor for cognitive function.
A total of 88 VaD patients and 72 controls with normal cognitive function were recruited and divided into VaD group and control group. Except for TT3 (p=0.002), there was no statistically significant difference in other demographic and biochemical data between the two groups (p>0.05). The results of ELISA indicated that the serum KLK8 in VaD patients was significantly higher than that of the control population (p<0.001). Spearman correlation analysis indicated that the serum KLK8 in VaD was significantly inversely correlated with the MMSE score. The results of Spearman's correlation analysis showed that the serum KLK8 level of VaD was significantly inversely correlated with the MMSE (r=-0.305, p=0.017). After correcting for interference factors, the correlation between the two is still significant (β=0.398, p=0.024).
Serum KLK8 may be an independent risk factor affecting the cognitive function of VaD, which is worthy of further research.
Serum KLK8 may be an independent risk factor affecting the cognitive function of VaD, which is worthy of further research.
To describe an approach that allows for a dedicated clinical assessment and accurate recognition of peripheral neuropathic pain in primary care and to provide an update on the available pharmacologic therapies MATERIALS AND METHODS Medline was searched using the key word "neuropathic pain". Searches were refined for each pathophysiological mechanism, diagnosis and treatment by adding appropriate key words.
The distinction between neuropathic and nociceptive pain is essential for an adequate treatment because these forms of pain differ in their underlying mechanisms and therefore in their response to different drugs.
Chronic pain with neuropathic characteristics presents a significant challenge as it is often unresponsive to conventional analgesics. The correct diagnosis and early management of peripheral neuropathic pain not only improve health-related outcomes, but also yield significant cost benefit to society.
Chronic pain with neuropathic characteristics presents a significant challenge as it is often unresponsive to conventional analgesics. The correct diagnosis and early management of peripheral neuropathic pain not only improve health-related outcomes, but also yield significant cost benefit to society.
When speaking of behavioral addictions (especially to the Internet and social media), it is emphasized that it is not the environment that is the main contributor to addiction, but rather certain behaviors and personality traits. The aim of this study was to assess the level of Internet and social media addiction on the example of Facebook with regard to psychological and social factors.
This survey-based study involved a group of women representing the female population in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland (N = 556). Research instruments were a self-developed questionnaire concerning sociodemographic data, the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale, the Beck Depression Inventory, the Internet Addiction Test, and the Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale.
Age, depressive symptoms, loneliness were the variable contributing to Internet and Facebook addiction among the studied. Available studies confirm the results of their own research.
Depressive symptoms and dependence on the Internet and Facebook were more common among single women.
