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During the pandemic, anxiety, stress, and depression may occur increasingly in the whole society. To evaluate the possible cause, incidence and levels of anxiety and depression in the relatives of the patients in the ICU in accordance with the patients' SARS-CoV-2 PCR result.
The study was prospectively conducted on relatives of patients admitted to tertiary intensive care units during COVID-19 pandemic. Sociodemographic characteristics of the patients and their relatives were recorded. "The Turkish version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale" survey was applied twice to the relatives of 120 patients to determine the symptoms of anxiety and depression in accordance with the PCR results of the patients (PCR positive n=60, PCR negative n=60).
The ratios above cut-off values for anxiety and depression among relatives of the patients were 45.8% and 67.5% for the first test and 46.7% and 62.5% for the second test respectively. The anxiety and depression in the relatives of PCR positive patients was COVID-19 is an independent risk factor for anxiety and restriction of patient visiting in the ICU is an independent risk factor for depression.
Visual snow syndrome (VSS) is a neurological condition characterized by flickering dots throughout the entire visual field. Both the pathophysiology and possible location of VSS are still under debate. White matter abnormalities were investigated using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in a patient with VSS.
A 28-year-old patient with VSS and 10 healthy controls were investigated with DTI. Diffusion parametric maps were calculated and reconstructed using q-space diffeomorphic reconstruction. White matter pathways of the dorsal, ventral, integrative visual streams and thalamic connectivity were tracked. Then, they were applied to each subject's parameter map, stretched to the same length, and sampled along the tracts for regional analyses of DTI parameters.
Compared with healthy controls, our patient displayed higher axial diffusivity (AD) and radial diffusivity (RD) in the dorsal visual stream (cingulum, arcuate fasciculus, horizontal indirect anterior segment of the superior longitudinal fasciculus), in the ventral visual stream (fronto-occipital fasciculus, inferior longitudinal fasciculus) and in the integrative visual stream (indirect posterior component of the superior longitudinal fasciculus, vertical occipital fasciculus). Higher AD and RD were also detected in acoustic and optic radiations, and in thalamic radiations distal to the thalamus.
This VSS patient displayed multiple, bilateral white matter changes in the temporo-parieto-occipital junction in white matter pathways related to vision. We encourage the study of white matter pathology using DTI in complex neurological syndromes including VSS.
This VSS patient displayed multiple, bilateral white matter changes in the temporo-parieto-occipital junction in white matter pathways related to vision. find more We encourage the study of white matter pathology using DTI in complex neurological syndromes including VSS.
To analyze developing infections after living donor hepatectomy (LDH) in living liver donors (LLDs).
Demographic and clinical characteristics of 1106 LLDs were retrospectively analyzed in terms of whether postoperative infection development. Therefore, LLDs were divided into two groups with (n=190) and without (n=916) antimicrobial agent use.
The median age was 29.5 (min-max 18-55). A total of 257 (23.2%) infection attacks (min-max 1-8) was developed in 190 (17.2%) LLDs. The patients with the infection that were longer intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital stays, higher hospital admissions, emergency transplantation, invasive procedures for ERCP, PTC biloma, and abscess drainage, and the presence of relaparatomies and transcystic catheters. Infection attacks are derived from a 58.3% hepatobiliary system, 13.2% urinary system, 6.6% surgical site, and 5.8% respiratory system. The most common onset symptoms were fever, abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. A total of 125 positive results was detected fromed complications in LLDs. These infections should be managed multidisciplinary without delay and carefully.Recent unprecedented fires in the Arctic during the past two decades have indicated a pressing need to understand the long-term ecological impacts of fire in this biome. Anecdotal evidence suggests that tundra fires can induce regime shifts that change tussock tundra to more shrub-dominated ecosystems. However, the ecological mechanisms regulating these shifts are poorly understood, but are hypothesized to involve changes to nutrient availability in this nutrient limited system. Here we conducted a 4-year two-factorial (control C, nitrogen along N+ , phosphorus alone P+ , nitrogen and phosphorus combined NP+ ) fertilization experiment in both unburned and burned tundra to test this hypothesis after a decade of post-fire recovery. A decade after fire, the burned site exhibited an increase in soil nitrogen and phosphorus availability and a transition toward taller, more productive, and more deciduous vegetation. This shift in vegetation structure, composition, and function was induced at the unburned site through the addition of both NP+ and the alleviation of their co-limitation. Both burned and unburned tundra responded similarly to fertilizer treatments by increasing leaf area index, greenness, and canopy height in NP+ treatments, and exhibited no significant response in individual N+ or P+ treatments. These results point to a greater need to understand coupled carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycles in this system, and suggest that post-fire regime shifts are regulated by the alleviation of nitrogen and phosphorus co-limitation in Arctic tundra.
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a metabolic disorder that is related to hyperglycaemia, hyperlipidaemia and liver dysfunction and has detrimental effects on a patient's mental health. Hence, the current study investigated the effects of saffron supplementation on dietary intake, anthropometric measures, mood, sleep quality and metabolic biomarkers in overweight/obese patients with T2D.
In a double-blind, randomised controlled trial, 70 overweight/obese patients with T2D were randomly allocated to two groups and received 100mg/day saffron or placebo for 8weeks. Participants completed the Beck depression inventory-II (BDI-II), Hurlbert index of sexual desire (HISD), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Diabetes-specific Quality-of-LifeBrief Clinical Inventory questionnaires (DQOL-BCI). Dietary intake, anthropometric measures, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), haemoglobin A1C (HbA1C), insulin, lipid profile and liver enzymes were determined at baseline and the end of the study.
At the end of the eighth week, safhether saffron is an effective complementary therapy for T2D.
Our results indicate that saffron notably reduced hyperglycaemia and hyperlipidaemia and improved liver function in patients with T2D in an 8-week randomised clinical trial. Saffron also significantly improved depression, sleep quality and overall quality of life in diabetic patients. However, further investigation is necessary to confirm whether saffron is an effective complementary therapy for T2D.
This was an investigation of treatment expectations and of the perception of therapy in adult patients with 5q-associated spinal muscular atrophy (5q-SMA) receiving nusinersen.
A prospective, non-interventional observational study of nusinersen treatment in adult 5q-SMA patients was conducted at nine SMA centers in Germany. The functional status, treatment expectations and perceived outcomes were assessed using the Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale-extended (ALS-FRS-ex), the Measure Yourself Medical Outcome Profile (MYMOP2), the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication (TSQM-9) and the Net Promoter Score (NPS).
In all, 151 patients were included with a median age of 36years (15-69years). SMA type 3 (n=90, 59.6%) prevailed, followed by type 2 (33.8%) and type 1 (6.6%). In SMA types 1-3, median ALS-FRS-ex scores were 25, 33 and 46 (of 60 scale points), respectively. MYMOP2 identified distinct treatment expectations head verticalization (n=13), bulbar function (n=16), arm funutcomes demonstrated a positive perception of nusinersen therapy in adult patients with 5q-SMA.The goji berry is widely used as tonics; however, the antihuman cervical carcinoma effect and underlying mechanism of goji berry peptide remain to be elucidated. The cyclic peptides are appealing targets in antitumor agent development, and in current study, three novel goji berry cyclic peptides (GCPs) were isolated and amino acid sequence identified. Among them, GCP-1 (Cycle-(Trp-Glu-His-Thr)) inhibited proliferation and induced human cervical cancer (HeLa) cells apoptosis and blocked the HeLa cells in G0/G1 phase significantly. Furthermore, the GCP-1 also inhibited the cervical carcinoma growth in vivo. Moreover, GCP-1 suppressed the cyclin expression and activated the caspase cascade and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase. Of note, GCP-1 may be a promising novel inhibitor of human cervical cancer.
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common clinical lung cancer. Polymorphonuclear-myeloid derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSCs), which are the major population of MDSCs, are involved in NSCLC progression. Recently, it was found that lectin-type oxidized LDL receptor 1 (LOX-1) could identify human PMN-MDSCs. However, the role of CD15
LOX-1
PMN-MDSCs in NSCLC early diagnosis has not been revealed. Here, we tried to confirm the application of the newly identified CD15
LOX-1
PMN-MDSCs in the early diagnosis of NSCLC.
Flow cytometry (FCM) was used to detect the proportion of CD15
LOX-1
PMN-MDSCs in the peripheral blood (PB) of healthy controls (HC) and NSCLC patients. The correlation of CD15
LOX-1
PMN-MDSC frequency with levels of cytokeratin 19-fragments (CYFRA21-1), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) was analysed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to estimate the diagnostic efficacy of CD15
LOX-1
PMN-MDSCs for NSCLC. Additionally, the association of CD15
LOX-1
PMN-MDSC frequency with NSCLC prognosis/recurrence after surgery was explored.
The proportion of CD15
LOX-1
PMN-MDSCs increased in PB of NSCLC patients. CD15
LOX-1
PMN-MDSC proportion was positively correlated with levels of CEA, CA125 and CYFRA21-1. Detection of PMN-MDSC percentage in PB owed high sensitivity and specificity for NSCLC diagnosis. The proportion of CD15
LOX-1
PMN-MDSCs decreased in patients after surgery. The frequency of CD15
LOX-1
PMN-MDSCs was lower in NSCLC patients without recurrence compared to those with recurrence after surgery.
Circulating CD15
LOX-1
PMN-MDSCs are a potential diagnostic marker for NSCLC, and are associated with NSCLC prognosis and recurrence after surgery.
Circulating CD15+ LOX-1+ PMN-MDSCs are a potential diagnostic marker for NSCLC, and are associated with NSCLC prognosis and recurrence after surgery.
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) often presents in the elderly with an insidious onset of symptoms and aggressive progression. There have been anecdotal cases of very late onset (VLO)-NMOSD, but case series reports are rare. The aim of this retrospective study was to clarify the clinical features of VLO-NMOSD.
According to the age at onset, we classified patients with NMOSD into three subgroups ≤49years, early onset NMOSD (EO-NMOSD); 50-69years, late onset NMOSD (LO-NMOSD); and ≥70years, VLO-NMOSD. We evaluated the clinical characteristics, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, laboratory data, and immunotherapies of the groups.
Overall, 12 men and 64 women with a median (interquartile range) age at onset and duration of disease of 42.0 (29.0-55.8) years and 70.0 (16.3-143.0)months, respectively, were included. Eight (11%) patients had VLO-NMOSD, 22 (29%) had LO-NMOSD, and 46 (61%) had EO-NMOSD. Patients with EO-NMOSD had a significantly longer interval between episodes as well as time between the first symptom and diagnosis of NMOSD than did those with VLO-NMOSD and LO-NMOSD (p=0.
