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We speculate that accelerated production of ROS helped rapidly degrade intermediates such as dioxymethylene, formate, and carbonate into CO2. In contrast, carbonate accumulation on P-Co3O4 surfaces containing less ROS may have caused P-Co3O4 inactivation. Compared with noble nanoparticles, this study provides a transition metal-based nanocomposite for HCHO oxidation with high efficiency, high selectivity, and low cost, which is meaningful for indoor air purification.Cationic magnetic Gemini surfactants (mag-G-surfs), [C14H29(CH3)2N(CH2)2N(CH3)2C14H29]2+·2[XCl3Br]- (14-2-14·2X, X = Ce, Gd, or Ho), efficiently induce the aggregation of glutathione-protected Au nanoclusters (NCs) (GSH-Au NCs). These magnetic luminescent aggregates not only possess aggregation-induced emission (AIE) behavior but also display aggregation-induced magnetic enhancement. In particular, 14-2-14·2Ce and 14-2-14·2Gd have a better effect on boosting the luminescence intensity, quantum yield (QY), and luminescence lifetime (τ). Pitavastatin price The luminescent aggregates of GSH-Au NCs triggered by 14-2-14·2Gd or 14-2-14·2Ho exhibit more favorable paramagnetic behavior. Other Au NCs containing a Au(I)-thiolate complex shell also exhibit the obvious AIE phenomenon after introducing 14-2-14·2Gd, demonstrating the luminescence enhancement effect of mag-G-surfs. The luminescent aggregate 14-2-14·2Ce@GSH-Au NCs can serve as a "light up" fluorometric probe to detect cysteine selectively with the detection limit (DL) of 36 μM, and the magnetic luminescent aggregate 14-2-14·2Gd@GSH-Au NCs has the potential to be a novel contrast agent in T1-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging due to its satisfactory contrasting ability.Autodock and its various variants are widely utilized docking approaches, which adopt optimization methods as search algorithms for flexible ligand docking and virtual screening. However, many of them have their limitations, such as poor accuracy for dockings with highly flexible ligands and low docking efficiency. In this paper, a multi-swarm optimization algorithm integrated with Autodock environment is proposed to design a high-performance and high-efficiency docking program, namely, MSLDOCK. The search algorithm is a combination of the random drift particle swarm optimization with a novel multi-swarm strategy and the Solis and Wets local search method with a modified implementation. Due to the algorithm's structure, MSLDOCK also has a multithread mode. The experimental results reveal that MSLDOCK outperforms other two Autodock-based approaches in many aspects, such as self-docking, cross-docking, and virtual screening accuracies as well as docking efficiency. Moreover, compared with three non-Autodock-based docking programs, MSLDOCK can be a reliable choice for self-docking and virtual screening, especially for dealing with highly flexible ligand docking problems. The source code of MSLDOCK can be downloaded for free from https//github.com/lcmeteor/MSLDOCK.The widespread biomedical applications of silver and gold nanoparticles (AgNPs and AuNPs, respectively) prompt the need for mechanistic evaluation of their interaction with biomolecules. In biological media, metallic NPs are known to transform by various pathways, especially in the presence of thiols. The interplay between metallic NPs and thiols may lead to unpredictable consequences for the health status of an organism. This study explored the potential events occurring during biotransformation, dissolution, and reformation of NPs in the thiol-rich biological media. The study employed a model system evaluating the interaction of cysteine with small-sized AgNPs and AuNPs. The interplay of cysteine on transformation and reformation pathways of these NPs was experimentally investigated by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and supported by light scattering techniques and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). As the main outcome, Ag- or Au-catalyzed oxidation of cysteine to cystine was found to occur through generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Computational simulations confirmed this mechanism and the role of ROS in the oxidative dimerization of biothiol during NPs reformation. The obtained results represent valuable mechanistic data about the complex events during the transport of metallic NPs in thiol-rich biological systems that should be considered for the future biomedical applications of metal-based nanomaterials.Hollow core-shell catalytic nanoreactors have received tremendous attention due to their high mass transfer in catalysis applications. Herein, we present a novel type of well-arranged, hollow core-shell nanoreactors featured with a bimetallic porous Zn/Ni-MOF-2 shell and a tiny Au nanoparticle core. The well-designed hollow Au@Zn/Ni-MOF-2 nanoreactors were constructed through the strategy of a facile one step from a rare crystal-structure transformation without any additional template. These nanoreactors exhibit outstanding multifunctional catalysis for a broad range of alcohol oxidation under the green oxidant environment. Moreover, such hollow nanoreactors show excellent recyclability toward the selective alcohol oxidation. These findings might provide a promising platform for a general construct of various metal-organic framework-based hollow core-shell nanostructures and further highly augmented catalytic applications.Layered double hydroxide (LDHs)-based mixed metal oxides (MMOs) are widely studied as the medium to high temperature (200-400 °C) CO2 capture sorbents. However, most of the studies are carried out using the powdered samples. To upgrade these sorbents for industrial-scale CO2 capture, it is important to move away from the powdered form and develop structured sorbents. Moreover, the CO2 capture properties of these sorbents need to be improved in terms of capture capacity and cycling stability. Here we are utilizing a modified amide hydrolysis method to improve the CO2 capture capacities of LDHs-based MMOs. Subsequently, aqueous exfoliation coupled with the freeze-drying technique was utilized to develop LDHs-based novel MMOs. Exfoliated LDH nano sheets were pelletized (2 mm) to circumvent the challenges associated with powder samples when used in industrial-scale applications. The obtained pellets have an average crushing load of 11.1 N and 4.3 MPa of compressive strength, which indicate their good mechanical stability. The MMOs pellets showed a narrow distribution of pores (8-10 nm) with very good surface area (264 m2/g) and pore volume (1.27 cm3/g). They also had much improved CO2 capture capacities at ambient pressure and both low (2.17 mmol/g, 30 °C) and medium temperature (1.43 mmol/g, 200 °C), as compared to previously reported pristine MMOs powder samples. The pelletized structured sorbents also outperformed commercial LDH-based pellets by several fold.Transition-metal selenides (TMSe) incorporate reversible multielectron Faradaic reactions that can deliver high specific capacitance. Unfortunately, they usually exhibit actual capacitance lower than their theoretical value and suffer from sluggish kinetics, which do not satisfy the demands of hybrid supercapacitors (HSCs), due to poor electron-transmission capability and inferior ion-transport rate. Herein, a kind of hollow biphase and bimetal cobalt nickel perselenide composed of metastable marcasite-type CoSe2 (m-CoSe2) and stable pyrite-type NiCoSe4 (p-NiCoSe4) is synthesized with metal glycerol alkoxide as precursors by regulating the Ni/Co ratios. This unique hollow biphase structure and bimetallic synergistic effect serves to boost electron-transmission capability and accelerate the ion/electron transfer rate, delivering an excellent specific capacitance of 1008 F g-1 at 0.5 A g-1 and a high discharge rate capability of 859 F g-1 at 20 A g-1. The capacitance remains around 80% of the initial capacitance after 5000 cycles. Consequently, a HSC based on the cobalt nickel perselenide cathode and a hierarchical porous carbon anode reveals a maximum energy density of 34.8 W h kg-1 and a maximum power density of 7272 W kg-1. This polymorphic bimetallic phase engineering provides an advanced and effective guidance for TMSe with high electrochemical properties.Various cancer metastasis models based on organ-on-a-chip platforms have been established to study molecular mechanisms and screen drugs. link2 However, current platforms can neither reveal hypoxia-induced cancer metastasis mechanisms nor allow drug screening under a hypoxia environment on a multiorgan level. link3 We have developed a three-dimensional-culture multiorgan microfluidic (3D-CMOM) platform in which the dissolved oxygen concentration can be precisely controlled. An organ-level lung cancer and liver linkage model was established under normoxic/hypoxic conditions. A transcriptomics analysis of the hypoxia-induced lung cancer cells (A549 cells) on the platform indicated that the hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) pathway could elevate epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) transcription factors (Snail 1 and Snail 2), which could promote cancer metastasis. Then, protein detection demonstrated that HIF-1α and EMT transcription factor expression levels were positively correlated with the secretion of cancer metastasis damage factors alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT) from liver cells. Furthermore, the cancer treatment effects of HIF-1α inhibitors (tirapazamine, SYP-5, and IDF-11774) were evaluated using the platform. The treatment effect of SYP-5 was enhanced under the hypoxic conditions with fewer side effects, similar to the findings of TPZ. We can envision its wide application in future investigations of cancer metastasis and screening of drugs under hypoxic conditions with the potential to replace animal experiments.Formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3) is a category of perovskite material with an ideal band gap and high thermal stability, which can be efficiently prepared by two-step spin-coating. Spin-coating organic salts and transforming intermediate phase at the second step involves a components' reaction and state transition, thus playing a crucial role in the film quality formed afterward and optoelectronic properties of the fabricated perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In this paper, a cooling stage (CO) is used to post-treat the as-prepared precursor after the second spin-coating. The procedure of intermediate phase transferring to other state is found to be retarded; hence, the appearing velocity of perovskite nucleation is decreased. As a result, components react more adequately and larger perovskite grains with fewer defects are obtained; charge transport as well as carrier recommbination behaviors are therefore optimized. The PSCs based on the CO process achieved a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 21.51% with enhanced stability. Moreover, CO treatment is observed to be beneficial for improving the film quality of perovskite in large-area preparation, which we anticipate can be further extended to the commercialized application of PSCs.Flexible solid-state zinc-air batteries (ZABs) generally suffer from poor electrolyte/electrode contact and mechanical degradation in practical applications. In addition, CO2 corrosion is also a common issue for ZABs with alkaline electrolyte. Herein, we report a thermoreversible alkaline hydrogel electrolyte that can simultaneously solve the aforementioned problems. Through a simple cooling process, the hydrogel electrolyte transforms from solid state to liquid state that can not only restore the deformed electrolyte layer to its original state but also rebuild intimate contact between electrode and electrolyte. Moreover, the ZAB based on this hydrogel electrolyte exhibits an unprecedented anti-CO2 property. As a result, such a battery shows almost 2.5 times discharge duration than that of ZAB based on liquid electrolyte.