Carsonnielsen7427

47 MoM). After accounting for each woman's age and BMI, 188 (87%) of those women were beyond the 90th centile of controls (2.20 MoM), a significant increase (P = .015). The adjusted AMH MoM levels fitted logarithmic normal distributions well (mean, standard deviation for controls and cases of 0.0000, 0.2765 and 0.6884, 0.2874, respectively) and this allowed for computation of patient-specific PCOS risks. CONCLUSIONS Accounting for the woman's age and BMI resulted in significantly higher AMH-based detection rates for PCOS at a 10% false-positive rate, and patient-specific PCOS risks could be computed. OBJECTIVE To assess whether paternal health is associated with maternal peripartum and neonatal outcomes. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING University research departments. PATIENT(S) Analytic sample of children born to paired fathers and mothers covering live births within the United States between 2009-2016. INTERVENTION(S) Paternal health status (e.g., metabolic syndrome diagnoses, individual chronic disease diagnoses). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Primary outcome of preterm birth (i.e., live birth before 37 weeks), and secondary outcomes of low birth weight, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) stay, gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, eclampsia, and length of maternal stay. RESULT(S) The IBM Marketscan Research database covers reimbursed health care claims data on inpatient and outpatient encounters who are privately insured through employment-sponsored health insurance. We assessed 785,809 singleton live births, with 6.6% born preterm. The presence of paternal comorbidities was associated with higher odds of preterm birth, low birth weight (LBW), and NICU stay. After adjusting for maternal factors, fathers with most or all components of the metabolic syndrome had 19% higher odds of having a child born preterm (95% CI 1.11-1.28), 23% higher odds of LBW (95% CI 1.01-1.51), and 28% higher odds of NICU stay (95% CI 1.08-1.52). Maternal morbidity (e.g., gestational diabetes or preeclampsia) was also positively associated with preconception paternal health. CONCLUSION(S) Increased preconception paternal comorbidity may be associated with negative infant and maternal outcomes. Although the paternal effect remains modest, these findings highlight the importance of the health of both parents, particularly the mother, on healthy pregnancy. OBJECTIVE To evaluate pregnancy outcomes following intrauterine insemination (IUI) in young women with low ovarian reserve compared to age-matched controls. DESIGN Retrospective cohort SETTING Single infertility center (July 2001-August 2018) PATIENT(S) Patients 80% power to detect a 7% difference between groups in the primary outcome. There were 3019 patients included 370 with AMH less then 1.0 ng/mL and 2649 with AMH ≥1.0 ng/mL. When adjusting for IUI treatment strategy, number of dominant follicles at time of IUI and body mass index, no difference in per-cycle or cumulative reproductive outcomes was identified between patients with low AMH ( less then 1.0 ng/mL) and normal AMH (≥1.0 ng/mL). Analyses by treatment strategy also showed no difference in reproductive outcomes. CONCLUSION Young patients ( less then 35 years of age) with diminished ovarian reserve conceived as often and had per-cycle and cumulative pregnancy outcomes similar to those of age-matched controls after IUI, regardless of treatment strategy. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether endometrial thickness (EMT) is associated with adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes in fresh in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection-embryo transfer (IVF/ICSI-ET) cycles. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING University-based reproductive medical center. PATIENT(S) Women under the age of 42 years who underwent IVF/ICSI treatment and received fresh ET in our unit from January 2017 to December 2018, resulting in a live singleton birth. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/fg-4592.html INTERVENTION(S) Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation and IVF/ICSI; fresh ET. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Birth weight, gestational age, small for gestational age (SGA), large for gestational age (LGA), placenta previa, placental abruption, hypertensive disorders, and gestational diabetes mellitus. RESULT(S) The risk of being born SGA was statistically significantly increased in the EMT ≤7.5 mm group compared with those from the EMT >12 mm group (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.391; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.155-4.950). Moreover, maternal body mass index, secondary infertility, preterm delivery, and hypertensive disorders were all independent predictors for SGA. The mean birth weights of singletons in women with EMT ≤7.5 mm were lower than in the groups with EMT >7.5-12 mm and EMT >12 mm (3.25 ± 0.56 kg vs. 3.38 ± 0.51 kg and 3.39 ± 0.53 kg, respectively). CONCLUSION(S) After fresh IVF/ICSI-ET, the risk of SGA was increased twofold in women with EMT ≤7.5 mm compared with women with EMT >12 mm. We suggest that women with a thin EMT after obtaining a pregnancy by IVF should receive improved prenatal care to reduce the risk of delivering a SGA infant. OBJECTIVE To determine the optimal endometrial preparation protocols of frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) in young women with regular menstrual cycles. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING Public fertility center. PATIENT(S) Infertile women with regular menstrual cycles undergoing FET. INTERVENTION(S) Natural cycle (NC) treatment for patients with proven ovulation in previous cycles or who refused medication (n = 308), or hormone treatment (HT) for patients who could not be frequently monitored (n = 1,538). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Live-birth rates. RESULT(S) The live-birth rates were 61.73% in the NC group and 55.11% in the HT group. The effect size of the endometrial preparation on live-birth rates was evaluated in prespecified and exploratory subgroups in each subgroup, and multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to determine which variables could be independently associated with the live-birth rate. The HT patients had a lower chance of live birth in all subgroups endometrial thickness on the day of progesterone administration, triple-line endometrial pattern, female age at embryo transfer, fertilization type, and protocol in the fresh cycle. Multivariable analysis showed NC to be associated with an increased likelihood of live birth compared with HT. CONCLUSION(S) Natural cycle treatment has a higher chance of live birth than HT for endometrial preparation in young women with regular menstrual cycles. The prospects for using carbon-11 labelled compounds in molecular imaging has improved with the development of diverse synthesis methods, including 11C-carbonylations and refined techniques to handle [11C]carbon monoxide at a nanomole scale. Facilitating biological research and molecular imaging was the driving force when [11C]carbon monoxide was used in the first in vivo application with carbon-11 in human (1945) and when [11C]carbon monoxide was used for the first time as a chemical reagent in the synthesis of [11C]phosgene (1978). This review examines a rich plethora of labelled compounds synthesized from [11C]carbon monoxide, their chemistry and use in molecular imaging. While the strong development of the 11C-carbonylation chemistry has expanded the carbon-11 domain considerably, it could be argued that the number of 11C-carbonyl compounds entering biological investigations should be higher. The reason for this may partly be the lack of commercially available synthesis instruments designed for 11C-carbonylations. But as this review shows, novel and greatly simplified methods to handle [11C]carbon monoxide have been developed. The next important challenge is to make full use of these technologies and synthesis methods in PET research. When there is a PET-tracer that meets a more general need, the incentive to implement 11C-carbonylation protocols will increase. BACKGROUND An emphasis on equity, diversity, and inclusion is growing within the field of education, including health professions education. In particular, no published literature exists regarding decolonizing and Indigenizing pharmacy education. Post-secondary pharmacy programs in Canada have a unique opportunity to learn from the decolonizing and Indigenizing practices observed in the educational programs of other health professions and post-secondary institutions and become international leaders in this area. METHODS Literature searches on PubMed, MEDLINE, ERIC (Ovid), iPortal, and PsycINFO were performed, revealing zero articles on decolonizing and/or Indigenizing pharmacy education. Search terms were expanded to include all health professions education programs with published literature on decolonizing and Indigenizing practices. All publications that included either or both terms (decolonizing and/or Indigenizing) and within any realm of health professions education (e.g., curriculum, assessment, evaluation, instructional design) were reviewed. RESULTS Literature on decolonizing and Indigenizing health professions education in health disciplines, such as nursing and speech pathology, were reviewed. In conjunction with literature on decolonization and Indigenization of education, with a focus on post-secondary institutions, a number of strategies are proposed to decolonize and Indigenize pharmacy education. IMPLICATIONS Findings from this review will better inform post-secondary pharmacy education programs to engage in decolonization and Indigenization practices. Engaging in decolonization and Indigenization of pharmacy education is expected to not only improve the educational experience of Indigenous students in pharmacy programs, but also improve the care received by Indigenous patients from all graduates of pharmacy. BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Conducting peer assessment has been associated with positive learning outcomes in higher education. The primary objective was to evaluate pharmacy students' perceptions of using peer assessment as a pedagogical strategy in learning patient presentation skills. Secondary objectives were to determine helpful factors for providing and/or receiving peer assessment and to compare students' perceptions of peer assessment relative to receiving feedback from teaching assistants (TAs). EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITY AND SETTING Patient presentation skills were taught to third-year pharmacy students in three sessions (session 1 didactic lecture, session 2 faculty-led patient presentation workshops followed by peer assessment, session 3 one-on-one patient presentations to TAs). An anonymous survey instrument consisting of five-point Likert scale, yes/no, and open-ended questions was administered. FINDINGS A total of 187 students (98%) completed the survey. Peer assessment was perceived as a useful way to obtain feedback on patient presentations (87%). It facilitated higher level thinking and a self-reflection of students' own patient presentations. Most students felt that they received constructive feedback from peers (82%) that helped them improve their patient presentation skills (72%). However, students were more trusting of TAs' skills in assessing patient presentations (76% versus 93%, p  less then  0.001). Some students were concerned about the specificity and criticalness of feedback they received from peers. SUMMARY Peer assessment is a useful pedagogical strategy for providing formative feedback to students in learning patient presentations skills in the classroom setting. Students may benefit from additional training to improve the quality of feedback in peer assessment.