Parrottjustice6281

CONCLUSION In present study, there was high practice of keeping medications at home and most of the disposal practices were not recommended methods. In addition, most of the respondents did not get an advice from pharmacists and other health care professionals how to dispose unused medications. Hence, there is a need for proper education and guidance of patients about disposal practices of unused medications. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.BACKGROUND Pain after cesarean section can turn the pleasant event of childbirth into an unpleasant experience for the mother. Pain relief through non-pharmaceutical methods, such as aromatherapy, could potentially be a useful intervention. In this study, the analgesic effect of chamomile oil was studied. PURPOSE The current research was conducted to study the effect of chamomile oil on cesarean section pain in primiparous women. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a randomized double blind clinical trial wherein 128 primiparous pregnant women (who willingly selected cesarean section) took part. In the aromatherapy group, the subjects inhaled one drop of 5% chamomile oil, and in the control group the subjects inhaled one placebo drop. In both groups the subjects inhaled for 15-20 minutes at a distance of 5 cm from the nose at 4, 8, and 12 hours after surgery, and pain intensity was measured before and after half an hour after inhalation using the visual analog scale (VAS). For data analysis, the software SPSS (vers of the present study, inhalation of chamomile oil following caesarean section in primiparous women reduced pain and also the need for analgesics. Therefore, the use of aromatherapy with chamomile oil as a simple way without any side effects for the reduction of pain in mothers after cesarean section is recommended. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.Systemic Mastocytosis (SM) is a disorder of excessive mast cell infiltration in multiple organ tissues. Atherosclerosis is a major risk factor for developing acute coronary syndrome [1]. In addition to lipid accumulation in the arterial wall, inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of plaque rupture and activating the thrombosis cascade [2]. The Mast cells contribution to plaque destabilization has been well established in multiple animal and human studies [3]. In a recent study, SM has been proven to be associated with a higher incidence of acute coronary syndrome even with lower plasma lipids level [4]. The study showed that 20% of patients with SM had cardiovascular events compared to only 6% in the control group with adjustment to all cardiac risk factors. Here, we present a case of acute myocardial infarction in a patient with SM with limited risk factors other than age. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a rare and systemic autoimmune disease, causing necrotizing vasculitis of small arteries and veins. The majority of diagnosed patients with GPA have circulating antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) directed against proteinase 3 (PR3). Here, we have reviewed the last findings and uncertainties regarding treatments of GPA. Between the available treatments in addition to corticosteroids, cyclophosphamide (CYP) is effective for remission-induction, while it is associated with some serious side effects, such as infertility and increased risk of malignancies. On the other side, rituximab (RTX) seems a safer alternative option and as effective as CYP. It could be used as both remission-induction and maintenance therapy in GPA patients, especially in women of childbearing age. Pregnant patients, who must not be exposed to the CYP and RTX could be well-managed with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg). Co-trimoxazole, which is widely used to treat certain bacterial infections or as prophylaxis in immunosuppressed patients could be effective in preventing disease relapse. In the meantime, 15-deoxyspergualin, plasma exchange are other therapeutic options with a low level of evidence. Regarding potential treatments, ofatumumab, ocrelizumab, belimumab, atacicept, tabalumab, abatacept (CTLA4-Ig), and Janus kinase inhibitors seem to be effective. Renal involvement, older age, the presence of baseline organ damage, delayed-diagnosis of disease, rising in creatinine level, and higher neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio is associated with poor outcomes. Optimum doses of medications, prediction of treatment response and disease relapse, explaining lack of response in some patients, treating children with GPA, and management of GPA during the pregnancy are controversial issues, which need further studies. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.BACKGROUND Best practices for pediatric clinical outcomes assessment (COA) development rely on guidelines that have been developed for adult populations. While some useful resources are available to support pediatric COA development, this information has primarily come from within the measurement development field. No research has explored the experiences of professionals from other disciplines who interact with children on a routine basis. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES The goal of this research was to explore the experiences of professionals from outside of the measurement science field, that work closely with children every day, in settings relevant to the context of concept elicitation and cognitive debriefing interviews for pediatric COA development. The objectives were to 1) learn new ways to engage children in conversations regarding their health state; 2) understand how methods used in other disciplines can be used to improve the amount and quality of data emerging from pediatric qualitative interviews; and 3) gnt for cognitive debriefing interviews. In addition, experts provided input that may improve the debriefing procedure, such as having the child read the text aloud in small increments, re-read text, and highlight text that they do not understand. Best practice tips from the experts were consolidated into a set of references for use by those conducting pediatric COA development research. CONCLUSIONS Incorporating interdisciplinary perspectives into pediatric COA development may improve both the methods used to elicit information from children and the quality of the resulting questionnaires. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.PURPOSE Breast cancer is more probable cancer among women. However, the available treatment such as radiation therapy, surgical, hormonal therapy, and chemotherapy are based on stages of breast cancer. Each treatment has its limitations. The available chemotherapeutics associated with problems like low solubility, low permeability, high firstpass metabolism, and P-glycoprotein efflux. Hence mentioned limitation causes an ineffective treatment, and also multiple chemotherapeutics cause an increase in resistance of tumors. So the purpose is to develop an effective therapy for the treatment of breast cancer by a nanomedicinal approach. METHODS This review is conducted by a systematic search strategy and based on relevant literature available in Pub Med, MedlinePlus, Google Scholar, and Sciencedirect up to November 2019 using keywords present in abstract and title of the review. As per our inclusion and exclusion criteria, 226 articles were selected. Among 226, a total of 40 articles were selected for this review. RESULTS The significant findings drawback of currently available treatment is to deliver a drug to target specifics site, the resulting output into toxic effect to both cancerous cells as well as normal cells. The overall result due to such problems makes them low bioavailable at the specific site of absorption. To overcome this required high dose, which again causes side effects and low benefits. Nanomedicinal approaches give an alternative approach to avoid the associated problems of available chemotherapeutics treatment of breast cancer. CONCLUSION The nanomedicinal approaches are useful over the conventional treatment of breast cancer and deliver a target-specific drug-using different novel drug delivery approach of nanoformulation. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Chemoresistance remains the major factor for the limited efficacy of HCC treatment. Thus, exploring the mechanisms underlying drug resistance is of great importance. Secretory clusterin (sCLU), a stress-activated and ATP-independent molecular chaperone, is up-regulated in numerous tumors and correlated with malignant phenotypes. For HCC, the implication of sCLU was previously addressed in the tumor growth, metastasis, as well as the early diagnosis and poor prognosis. Notably, accumulating studies have emphasized its vital roles in drug resistance of HCC. Depletion of sCLU synergistically could enhance sensitivity of HCC cells to a variety of chemotherapy agents. Herein, we summarized the potential mechanisms accounting for the sCLU-induced chemoresistance, including promoting apoptosis evasion, facilitating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), maintaining viability of cancer stem cell (CSC), enhancing drug efflux capacity, and regulating autophagic activities. The current evidences suggest that targeting sCLU might be a promising approach in overcoming chemoresistance of HCC. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.BACKGROUND Alzheimer is the primary cause of death in the various countries that affects wide strata of the population. The treatment of it is restricted to a few conventional oral medications that act only superficially. It is evident that the delivery of a drug to the brain across the blood-brain barrier is challenging as the BBB is armed with several efflux transporters like the P-glycoprotein as well as nasal mucociliary clearance adds up leading to decreased concentration and reduced therapeutic efficacy. Considering these, the intranasal IN route of drug administration is emerging as an alternative route for systemic delivery of a drug to the brain. The intranasal (IN) administration of lipid nanoparticles loaded with cerebroactive drugs showed promise in treating various neurodegenerative diseases, since the nasal route allows the direct nose to brain delivery by means of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN's). The tailoring of intranasal lipid particulate drug delivery systems is a pleasing approach to facages of various drugs it is speculated that intranasal lipid particulates drug delivery system shows better brain targeting efficiency for various CNS disorders in comparison to other routes. CONCLUSION Various routes are explored for the delivery of drugs to increase bioavailability in the brain for CNS disorders but intranasal route shows better results that pave way for success in future if properly explored. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.