Lauesenahmad2446

The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed SOAMs improve the quality of the reconstructed MR images effectively by capturing long-range dependencies. Besides, compared with state-of-the-art deep learning-based CS-MRI methods, the proposed SOGAN reconstructs MR images more accurately, but with fewer model parameters.

The proposed SOAM is a lightweight yet effective self-attention module to capture long-range dependencies, thus, can improve the quality of MRI reconstruction to a large extent. Besides, with the help of SOAMs, the proposed SOGAN outperforms the state-of-the-art deep learning-based CS-MRI methods.

The proposed SOAM is a lightweight yet effective self-attention module to capture long-range dependencies, thus, can improve the quality of MRI reconstruction to a large extent. Besides, with the help of SOAMs, the proposed SOGAN outperforms the state-of-the-art deep learning-based CS-MRI methods.Urea-nitrogen (N) is commonly applied to crop fields, yet it is not routinely monitored despite its association with reduced water quality and its ability to increase toxicity of certain phytoplankton species. The purpose of this work was to characterize temporal fluctuations in urea-N concentrations and associated environmental conditions to infer sources of urea-N in agricultural drainage ditches. Physicochemical properties and N forms in ditch waters were measured weekly during the growing seasons of 2015-2018. Fertilizer application was only associated with spring peaks of urea-N concentrations in ditches next to cornfields, whereas summer peaks in ditches adjacent to corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] fields were not associated with fertilizer applications. Environmental conditions of warmer temperatures, lower dissolved oxygen concentrations, and lower redox potentials were correlated with higher urea-N concentrations. In 2018, peaks of urea-N and ammonium-N during the summer co-occurred with peaks of dissolved organic N and total dissolved N, suggesting they might be associated with the breakdown of organic matter and with the turnover of the organic N pool. Although the highest urea-N concentrations occurred when ditch surface waters were hydrologically disconnected from nearby streams, heavy rainfalls can potentially flush accumulated urea-N into coastal waters, where it may affect algal bloom toxicity. Therefore, implementation of available drainage ditch management practices is recommended, but these strategies need to be optimized for targeting periods with high rainfall that coincide with fertilizer additions as well as for periods with low rainfall that promote stagnant water conditions.This preliminary study aimed to investigate the effect of exercise on appetite and mood following multiple days of sleep disruption (restriction [RES], fragmentation [FRAG]) or sleep extension (EXT), compared to normal sleep (CONT) in inactive, middle-aged men. Nine men completed four randomised trials initiated by 3 nights (day 1-3) of CONT (6.5-8 hr), RES (4 hr), FRAG (6.5-8 hr, interrupted at 2-hr intervals) or EXT (10 hr). On day 4 between 0830 and 1100 hours, perceived appetite, food cravings, appetite-related hormones (acylated ghrelin, leptin, peptide tyrosine-tyrosine [PYY]total ), glucose, mood states and wellness (stress, fatigue, soreness, and mood) were assessed before (post-sleep manipulation [SM]) and after (post-exercise [EX]) a 20-min vigorous cycling bout (rating of perceived exertion 15). There was no effect of sleep manipulation or exercise on perceived appetite (p = .34-.62). Some aspects of food craving were altered after RES and EXT, with vigorous exercise attenuating the desire for sweet foods in RES (p = .12). PYYtotal was lower after RES compared to EXT and FRAG (p = .03), but was unaltered by exercise (p = .03). Ghrelin was higher for RES and EXT compared to CONT and FRAG after exercise (p = .001-.03). Total wellness was reduced and total mood disturbance (TMD) was higher after RES and FRAG compared to CONT and EXT (p ≤ .05). However, vigorous exercise countered these changes, with wellness and TMD remaining significantly impaired for FRAG compared to EXT only at this time (p = .02-.03). Vigorous exercise mitigates some aspects of food cravings and counters the impaired mood states that exist after multiple days of restricted and fragmented sleep.

To evaluate the sexual quality of life and self-esteem of obese women and the relationship between them.

This is a descriptive and cross-sectional study. A descriptive questionnaire, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and Sexual Quality of Life Questionnaire were used to collect the data.

Participants had a moderate level of self-esteem. The mean scores of the participants were 50.45 + 10.23 for Sexual Quality of Life Questionnaire. A positive correlation was found between self-esteem and sexual quality of life.

High self-esteem is positively correlated with quality of sexual life in obese woman. Physical activity increases self-esteem and sexual quality of life. Obesity impairs sexual quality of life among obese women.

High self-esteem is positively correlated with quality of sexual life in obese woman. Physical activity increases self-esteem and sexual quality of life. Obesity impairs sexual quality of life among obese women.

In 2018, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) released an evidence-based guideline on pediatric mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) to educate health care providers on best practices of mTBI diagnosis, prognosis, and management/treatment. As residents living in rural areas have higher rates of mTBI, and may have limited access to care, it is particularly important to disseminate the CDC guideline to rural health care providers. The purpose of this paper is to describe rural health care providers' experience with pediatric mTBI patients and their perceptions on incorporating the guideline recommendations into their practice.

Interviews with 9 pediatric rural health care providers from all US regions were conducted. Interview transcripts were coded and analyzed for themes for each of the main topic areas covered in the interview guide.

Common causes of mTBI reported by health care providers included sports and all-terrain vehicles. While health care providers found the guideline recommendations to be helpful and feasible, they reported barriers to implementation, such as lack of access to specialists. To help with uptake of the CDC guideline, they suggested the development of concise implementation tools that can be referenced quickly, integrated into electronic health record-based systems, and that are customized by visit type and health care setting (eg, initial vs follow-up visits and emergency department vs primary care visits).

Length, accessibility, and usability are important considerations when designing clinical tools for busy rural health care providers caring for pediatric patients with mTBI. Customized information, in both print and digital formats, may help with uptake of best practices.

Length, accessibility, and usability are important considerations when designing clinical tools for busy rural health care providers caring for pediatric patients with mTBI. Customized information, in both print and digital formats, may help with uptake of best practices.Phenotypic plasticity, within and across generations (transgenerational plasticity), allows organisms and their progeny to adapt to the environment without modification of the underlying DNA. Recent findings suggest that epigenetic modifications are important mediators of such plasticity. However, empirical studies have, so far, mainly focused on plasticity in response to abiotic factors, overlooking the response to competition. We tested for within-generation and transgenerational phenotypic plasticity triggered by plant-plant competition intensity, and we tested whether it was mediated via DNA methylation, using the perennial, apomictic herb Taraxacum brevicorniculatum in four coordinated experiments. We then tested the consequences of transgenerational plasticity affecting competitive interactions of the offspring and ecosystem processes, such as decomposition. We found that, by promoting differences in DNA methylation, offspring of plants under stronger competition developed faster and presented more resource-conservative phenotypes. Further, these adjustments associated with less degradable leaves, which have the potential to reduce nutrient turnover and might, in turn, favour plants with more conservative traits. Greater parental competition enhanced competitive abilities of the offspring, by triggering adaptive phenotypic plasticity, and decreased offspring leaf decomposability. Our results suggest that competition-induced transgenerational effects could promote rapid adaptations and species coexistence and feed back on biodiversity assembly and nutrient cycling.The development of selectively bred high and low alcohol-preferring mice (HAP and LAP, respectively) has allowed for an assessment of the polygenetic risk for pathological alcohol consumption and phenotypes associated with alcohol use disorder (AUD). Accumulating evidence indicates that the dorsal striatum (DS) is a central node in the neurocircuitry underlying addictive processes. Therefore, knowledge of differential gene, protein, and phosphorylated protein expression in the DS of HAP and LAP mice may foster new insights into how aberrant DS functioning may contribute to AUD-related phenotypes. To begin to elucidate these basal differences, a complementary and integrated analysis of DS tissue from alcohol-naïve male and female HAP and LAP mice was performed using RNA sequencing, quantitative proteomics, and phosphoproteomics. These datasets were subjected to a thorough analysis of gene ontology, pathway enrichment, and hub gene assessment. Analyses identified 2,108, 390, and 521 significant differentially expressed genes, proteins, and phosphopeptides, respectively between the two lines. Network analyses revealed an enrichment in the differential expression of genes, proteins, and phosphorylated proteins connected to cellular organization, cytoskeletal protein binding, and pathways involved in synaptic transmission and functioning. These findings suggest that the selective breeding to generate HAP and LAP mice may lead to a rearrangement of synaptic architecture which could alter DS neurotransmission and plasticity differentially between mouse lines. These rich datasets will serve as an excellent resource to inform future studies on how inherited differences in gene, protein, and phosphorylated protein expression contribute to AUD-related phenotypes.Otolith shape analysis is a powerful method for fish stock identification. We compared the otolith shape of Pagrus pagrus (Linnaeus 1758) along with its distribution in four south-western Atlantic regions where it is commercially fished Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul in southern Brazil, the Argentine-Uruguayan Common Fishing Zone (UA) and the Argentinian Exclusive Fishing Zone (AR). Otolith shapes were compared by Elliptical Fourier and Wavelet coefficients among specimens in a size range with similar otoliths, morphometric parameters and ages. Four potential stocks were identified one in the AR, a second along the UA which included specimens from southern Brazil with well-marked opaque bands in its otoliths (MRS), the third in southern Brazil with faint or absent opaque bands in its otoliths (FRS) and the fourth along Rio de Janeiro. The difference in the otolith shape among regions followed differences reported using other stock identification techniques. The similarity between otoliths from UA and MRS (ANOVA-like, P > 0.