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A number of studies have examined the association between omentin and body weight, but the findings have been inconclusive. Here in, we systematically reviewed available observational studies to elucidate the overall relationship between omentin and body weight, by comparison of serum omentin level in overweight/obese and normal weight subjects.

PubMed, Science direct, Scopus and ISI web of science databases were searched for all available literature until January 2020 for studies assessing the association between omentin and body weight. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale was used to assess the quality of each study.

A total of 27 articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in our systematic review and meta-analysis. There was a significant association between omentin serum level and body weight (Standard Mean Difference (SMD)-0.43; 95% CI,-0.70 to-0.15; P=0.002; I

=93.2%). In order to find the probable source of heterogeneity subgroup analysis based on the participants' age (adolescent, adult), gender (male, female, both gender), health status (healthy, unhealthy), geographical location (Asian, non-Asian countries), study quality (low, medium, high), study design (case-control, cross-sectional), participants' health status (healthy, unhealthy) and BMI (obese, overweight) was carried out.

According to what was discussed, we found that serum omentin level is significantly lower in overweight subjects but not obese ones. This finding should be interpreted cautiously because of significant heterogeneity among included studies.

According to what was discussed, we found that serum omentin level is significantly lower in overweight subjects but not obese ones. This finding should be interpreted cautiously because of significant heterogeneity among included studies.

Dietary patterns may affect muscle mass, strength, and function; hence, we evaluated the association of major dietary patterns in relation to muscle mass index (MMI) and muscle strength in middle-aged adults. We hypothesized that unhealthy dietary patterns are associated with reduced muscle mass and muscle strength.

and methods The present cross-sectional study recruited 270 adults (118 males and 152 females) aged between 18 and 75 years' old. Socio-demographic data, body composition and muscle strength were determined. MMI was calculated by total fat free mass (FFM) (kg)/height

(m). Selleckchem ADH-1 Dietary intake was assessed using a 168-item validated food frequency questionnaire. Factor analysis was conducted, and as a result, 3 factors were extracted. These factors were labeled as healthy, mixed and western dietary patterns.

After control for potential confounders, there were a positive trend between tertiles of "healthy dietary pattern" and muscle strength (p=0.03). Moreover, we found that those who were in the third tertile of "mixed dietary pattern" compared to those at the first tertile had no significant relationship with muscle strength (p=0.42) and MMI (p=0.36) even after controlling for potential confounders. In contrast, the adherence to the "Western dietary pattern" was associated with reduced MMI (p=0.02).

Adherence to healthy dietary pattern might be associated with better muscle strength and greater adherence to Western pattern appears to reduce MMI.

Adherence to healthy dietary pattern might be associated with better muscle strength and greater adherence to Western pattern appears to reduce MMI.

Hand Grip Strength (HGS) has been proposed as an indicator of nutritional status, being an easy and non-invasive method and presenting high reliability among evaluators. However, there are no cut-off points. To compare HGS with objective methods of nutritional assessment and to propose a cut-off point for its use as a predictor of malnutrition in cancer patients.

This is a retrospective study with 76 patients (52.6% females, 56.8±16.6 years old) admitted with a diagnosis of cancer in hospitals of Belo Horizonte (MG, Brazil). We evaluated the HGS of the dominant hand, Body Mass Index (BMI), calf circumference (CC), and arm circumference (AC), using the Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, being the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) the reference method. Statistical tests were performed according to the distribution of the variables, verified by the Shapiro-Wilk test. The level of significance adopted was 5%.

The HGS was higher in men (p=0.001) and adults (p=0.002). The HGS presented a better performance in the prediction of malnutrition (AUC=0.766, 95% CI=0.656-0.936) compared to the anthropometric indicators, with a cut-off point of 32.5kg (sensitivity of 90.5% and specificity of 61.5%). The prevalence of malnutrition was 82.9% and 81.6% for PG-SGA and proposed cut-off point for HGS, respectively.

The HGS was more sensitive to identify individuals at risk of malnutrition compared to other recognized indicators of nutritional status, indicating its application in a hospital setting with cancer patients.

The HGS was more sensitive to identify individuals at risk of malnutrition compared to other recognized indicators of nutritional status, indicating its application in a hospital setting with cancer patients.

Calcium intake seems to be inversely associated with body fat in several populations; however, little is known about this relationship in postmenopausal women. This study aimed to associate calcium intake with body fat mass in postmenopausal women.

A cross-sectional study was performed with 107 postmenopausal women who entered in a lifestyle change program. The dietary intake was estimated through three 24-h food recalls. Body fat mass was evaluated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Linear regression analyzes were performed associating body fat variables (total fat mass, body fat percentage, trunk fat, gynoid and android fat mass; and body mass index) with calcium intake.

After adjustments for age; carbohydrate, protein, lipids and fiber intakes; and physical activity, it was observed that calcium intake (mg/day) was inversely associated with total fat mass (kg and percentage), trunk fat mass (kg), gynoid and android fat mass (kg). Calcium intake was not associated with body mass index, although a tendency was observed (p=0.062).

Calcium intake was inversely associated with body fat mass in postmenopausal women.

Calcium intake was inversely associated with body fat mass in postmenopausal women.

Identifying the prevalence of underfed patients and risk factors for underfeeding in patients with total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is essential to improve the management of patients receiving TPN. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence and risk factors for underfeeding using a medical claims database.

In this retrospective cohort study using a medical claims database, we analyzed patient characteristics, timing and duration of nutrition prescription, daily dose of nutrients, and types of parenteral nutrition products administered after central venous catheter (CVC) insertion in hospitalized Japanese patients between 2009 and 2018. The mean prescriptions of energy <20kcal/kg/day, amino acids <1.0g/kg/day, and fat <2.5g/day received by patients between the 4th and 10th day after CVC insertion were regarded as underfeeding. To study the association between nutritional adequacy and body mass index (BMI) with TPN, the proportions of patients with a prescription of energy ≥20kcal/kg/day onecessary to supplement inadequate nutrients by single-nutrition solutions in addition to compounded solutions.

International guidelines on the treatment of differentiated thyroid cancers (DTC) promote the use of low iodine diets (LID) prior to radioactive iodine remnant ablation (RIA), as high iodine status may interfere with radioiodine uptake. Most UK treatment centres adhere to these guidelines and advise people to consume a LID. There is limited research as to how people cope with the LID or its impact on daily life and wellbeing, and no studies have been conducted in the UK. This study explored peoples' views and experiences in relation to consuming a LID during treatment for DTC with RIA.

Twenty-eight semi-structured interviews were conducted with people from across three treatment centres where differing advice had been delivered regarding a LID. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and key themes were developed through inductive thematic analyses.

Individuals advised to consume a LID believed that adhering to the diet would help their treatment. Most restricted their diets beyond what was recommended and there was confusion surrounding what they could eat as part of the diet. Food selection and preparation were important which included substitution of foods and ingredient checking. Being on the diet was considered to have both a physical and psychological impact.

The findings of this study provide a qualitative insight into the lived experiences of people with DTC in relation to consuming a LID. The results have relevance for professionals providing dietary guidance at oncology centres treating patients with RIA therapy in the UK.

The findings of this study provide a qualitative insight into the lived experiences of people with DTC in relation to consuming a LID. The results have relevance for professionals providing dietary guidance at oncology centres treating patients with RIA therapy in the UK.

The Mediterranean diet and the low-fat diet are recognized as cardioprotective dietary patterns, and the use of validated instruments that quickly identify adherence to these diets is very useful in the daily practice of the nutritionist. Our aim was to translate and cross-culturally adapt the 14-point Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) and a 9-item quantitative score of compliance with the low-fat diet (low-fat diet questionnaire) to the Brazilian Portuguese language.

The process of translation and cultural adaptation was conducted in six stages initial translation, synthesis of translations, back-translation, proof of cross-cultural equivalence, pre-final version testing, and final evaluation of the cultural adaptation process. Interviews and assessments were administered to 30 nutritionists, and to 51 healthy participants and 50 individuals at cardiovascular risk. MEDAS ranges from 0 (minimum) to 14 (maximum) points and a total score≥10 points was considered for high adherence to MedDiet. Loipants showed high adherence to MedDiet based on MEDAS score, and with a cutoff of ≥6 points, 58% (95% CI 49.5-66.1) of the participants showed high adherence to a diet restricted in fat based on the low-fat diet questionnaire.

MEDAS and low-fat diet questionnaire were successfully translated to the Portuguese language. Regarding the results from questionnaires applied to our sample, in general, poor adherence was found for both Mediterranean and low-fat diet.

MEDAS and low-fat diet questionnaire were successfully translated to the Portuguese language. Regarding the results from questionnaires applied to our sample, in general, poor adherence was found for both Mediterranean and low-fat diet.

The relation of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH)-style diet to urinary lithogenic factors is unclear. This study aimed to assess the association between adherence to the DASH diet and urinary risk factors of kidney stones formation.

A total of 264 men apparently with nephrolithiasis, aged 18-89 years, participated in this cross-sectional study. The food item-based DASH diet based on 8 components (nuts and legumes, red and processed meat, low-fat dairy products, sweetened beverages, fruits, vegetables, sodium, and whole grains) and nutrient-based DASH score based on 9 target nutrients (protein, fiber, total fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, sodium, calcium, potassium, and magnesium) were calculated using a food frequency questionnaire. Urine analysis was performed to measure hypercalciuria, hypocitraturia, hyperoxaluria, hyperuricosuria, and hypercreatinuria as study outcomes. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the relation of DASH diet to urinary factors.

After multivariate adjustment, high adherence to the food-based or nutrient-based DASH dietary patterns was significantly associated with lower odds for hypercreatininuria, hypocitraturia, and hypercalciuria.