Sauerroth6255

PURPOSE Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair is often associated with severe postoperative pain. Various agents, routes, and modes are used for the treatment of postoperative pain with a minimum of side effects. This systematic work was conducted to compare the postoperative effect of subacromial patient-controlled analgesia with intravenous patient-controlled analgesia after an arthroscopic rotator cuff repair surgery. DESIGN A systematic review of relevant studies were retrieved from electronic databases and included based on criteria and eligibility. METHODS The articles were retrieved from 1997 to 2018 by computerized searches of Scopus, PubMed, and EMBASE using different combinations of search terms, such as shoulder, rotator cuff, analgesic, analgesia, arthroscopic, pain, cuff repair, rotator cuff repair, acromion, and intravenous. FINDINGS A total of 10 articles were included in this study from the initial search of 778 records. Compared with subacromial procedure, the intravenous procedure helps in reducing the postoperative pain but with more side effects. CONCLUSIONS This study described that the direct continuous infusion of anesthetic under subacromial analgesic pump showed a greater pain relief with less side effects compared with intravenous infusion for arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the effects of continuous olfactory stimulation with breast milk (COSB) on behavioral and physiologic states of Korean premature infants. DESIGN AND METHODS We examined the COSB effects on the behavioral states and physiological responses, including heart rate and oxygen saturation, in 30 premature infants using a non-equivalent control group pre- and post-test design. Sterile 2 cm × 2 cm gauzes wet with 2 cc breast milk were placed 10 cm away from the infants' nostrils 8 times per day for 3 consecutive days. We obtained five measurements each of the behavioral state, heart rate, and oxygen saturation of the premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Statistical analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics and two-way repeated-measures ANOVA. RESULTS The experiment group presented significantly reduced heart rate variations (p = .039). There were significant differences in the heart rate at all time-points in the control group (p  .089) heart rates in the latter group. There were positive COSB effects on the behavioral states of premature infants at some time points. CONCLUSIONS COSB can be a useful intervention program for high-risk infants for partial behavioral state stabilization and significant heart rate stabilization. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS COSB might enable NICU nurses to provide a useful and safe developmental care plan for the premature infants hospitalized in the NICU to improve their physiologic and behavioral condition. PURPOSE This study aimed to explore the quality of life (QOL) and social support of parents of children with congenital anorectal malformation (ARM), and to examine the relationship between them. DESIGN AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted at Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital of China from January to June of 2018. A total of 108 parents participated in this survey. QOL and social support were accessed using the short version of the World Health Organization's Quality of Life Instrument (WHOQOL-BREF) and the Social Support Rate Scale (SSRS), respectively. Analyses were performed with multivariate linear regression and canonical correlation. RESULTS The parents' scores in the physical, psychological, and environmental domains were lower than those in the general population in China. Gender, monthly income, combined malformation, objective support, subjective support and utilization of support were the major influencing factors of QOL. A canonical correlation analysis indicated social support was positively correlated with QOL, and subjective support, psychological domain had the largest standardized factor loading in social support and QOL. CONCLUSIONS The QOL of parents of ARM patients was not optimistic. More attention needs to be paid to increasing social support for the parents of ARM to enhance their QOL. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS For government, increasing funds and resources to invest in the establishment and improvement of the social support network is necessary. For doctors and nurses, providing better medical and psychological services to patients and their parents is essential. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a type of malignant and heterogeneous tumor in premenopausal females with ineffective therapeutic targets. IL-8 is one of the earliest discovered chemotaxis cytokines which expression is closely related to the progress of various cancers. Previous studies showed that IL-8 determines the prognosis of TNBC patients, nevertheless how IL-8 influences the progress of TNBC is unclear. In our studies, we discovered that overexpression of IL-8 promotes TNBC cells (TNBCs) migration and tumor growth via the PI3K-Akt and MAPK signaling pathway. Cell-cycle of TNBCs arrest at S phase by overexpression of IL-8, however, there is no significant variation on the cell viability and cell apoptosis of TNBCs. Besides, overexpression of IL-8 result in the downregulation of E-cadherin and the upregulation of Cyclin B1 in MDA-MB-231 cells. Taken together, our results suggest that IL-8 performs a crucial role in the progress of TNBC, and it could be a novel therapeutic target of TNBC. DNA methylation is one of the epigenetic mechanisms to regulate gene expression and frequently occurs in human cancer cells. T-cadherin (CDH13) is a new member of the cadherin superfamily and possesses multiple functions. Our study included 26 normal controls (NCs), 65 chronic hepatitis B patients (CHB), 14 liver cirrhosis patients (LC) and 157 hepatocellular carcinoma patients (HCC). We mainly focused on the mRNA expression and methylation status of CDH13 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), which were detected by semi-quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) respectively. The CDH13 mRNA level was lower in HCC, especially in early-stage of HCC than in NCs and CHB groups (p  less then  0.05). Methylation frequency of the CDH13 promoter was significantly higher in HCC patients than in the NCs and CHB groups (67.52 % vs 0.00 %, p  less then  0.001, 67.52 % vs 52.31 %, p  less then  0.05, respectively). CDH13 mRNA level was signession of mRNA and the high risk of HCC. The methylation status of the CDH13 promoter in PBMCs was a potential noninvasive biomarker to predict the prognosis of HCC patients. AIM Colorectal signet-ring cell carcinomas (SRCC) are highly malignant tumours with poor prognosis that disproportionately affect younger patients. There is growing evidence of a unique set of molecular features that separate SRCC from conventional colorectal adenocarcinoma. Identification of these distinct features may have diagnostic and prognostic significance for patients and families. CDH1, which encodes E-cadherin, a cell adhesion protein, is commonly mutated in gastric SRCC and our study aimed to identify whether CDH1 mutation was also a common phenomenon in colorectal SRCC. METHODS DNA was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tumour tissue, the CDH1 gene was analysed by next generation sequencing and the pathogenicity of mutations assessed in silico. Sections cut from the same blocks were immunostained to identify the presence of the E-cadherin protein. RESULTS We found 8 CDH1 mutations that meet our inclusion criteria in seven of 11 samples. Of these, five (from four patients), were likely to be germline mutations. E-cadherin staining was absent or markedly reduced in all of the seven samples with CDH1 mutation. CONCLUSION Our finding of CDH1 mutations in a proportion of signet-ring cell carcinomas and associated reduction in E-cadherin in these tumours supports previous findings of a role for mutation of this gene in the development of this disease. In addition, the finding of likely germline mutations suggests that a subset of these tumours may be familial. Loss of E-cadherin staining in the absence of CDH1 mutations however also suggests a role for environmental factors in a subset of these tumours. Considerable research has focused on identifying risk factors for intramammary infections, yet mastitis remains a pervasive disease on dairy farms. Increasingly, researchers are appreciating the role of dairy producer mindset in determining management style and thus udder health status of the herd. The objective of this study was to explore the attitudes and motivations of Ontario dairy farmers toward udder health in herds with varying bulk milk somatic cell count (BMSCC). In December of 2011, 5 focus groups were conducted across Ontario, Canada, with independent groups of dairy producers representing low, medium, and high BMSCC herds. Groups were established based on producer's weighted BMSCC levels as recorded over the summer of 2011. A semi-structured interview guide was followed to discuss topics relating to udder health. Thematic analysis was performed on the interview transcripts. Generally, producers noted management techniques (specifically culling infected cows and monitoring BMSCC), a perceived weals highlights the fact that educational and extension efforts need to focus on ensuring that producers employ proven mastitis diagnostic, prevention, and treatment practices in a systematic manner, with realistic expectations. We aimed to evaluate the effects of feeding sugarcane liquid molasses (LM) with or without a commercial buffer mix (BFM) on ruminal fermentation parameters, milk fatty acid (FA) profile, and milk yield and composition in dairy cows fed high-concentrate diets (3565 forage-to-concentrate ratio). Eight multiparous Holstein cows (4 ruminally cannulated) averaging 165 ± 12 d in milk at the beginning of the study were randomly assigned to a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Each period lasted 21 d with 14 d for diet adaptation and 7 d for data and sample collection. Cows were fed the following diets (1) no LM or BFM supplementation (CTRL), (2) LM without BFM supplementation (MOL), (3) BFM without LM supplementation (BUF), and (4) LM plus BFM supplementation (COMBO). These 4 isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated by replacing (dry matter basis) 5% ground corn with LM, whereas BFM replaced wheat bran at 0.8% of the diet. Significant LM × BFM interact-chain FA in milk fat. The yield of 3.5% fat-corrected milk increased significantly in cows fed MOL or BUF due to the improved concentration of milk fat. A trend and a significant increase for energy-corrected milk were observed with feeding MOL or BUF, respectively. Overall, inclusion of LM and BFM appears to reduce milk trans-10 181 FA and total trans FA by modulating ruminal pH and volatile FA profile in cows fed high-concentrate diets. For endemic infections in cattle that are not regulated at the European Union level, such as bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), European Member States have implemented control or eradication programs (CEP) tailored to their specific situations. Different methods are used to assign infection-free status in CEP; therefore, the confidence of freedom associated with the "free" status generated by different CEP are difficult to compare, creating problems for the safe trade of cattle between territories. Safe trade would be facilitated with an output-based framework that enables a transparent and standardized comparison of confidence of freedom for CEP across herds, regions, or countries. The current paper represents the first step toward development of such a framework by seeking to describe and qualitatively compare elements of CEP that contribute to confidence of freedom. For this work, BVDV was used as a case study. We qualitatively compared heterogeneous BVDV CEP in 6 European countries Germany, France, Ireland, the Netherlands, Sweden, and Scotland.