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Western Australian gold rushes (c. One medal per 12 months was the usual practise, although two medals have been awarded in each 1867 and 1886. To make sure stability in research areas, in 1964 the award was expanded to 2 medals per 12 months, one in astronomy (together with astrophysics, cosmology and so forth.) and one in geophysics (together with planetary science, tectonics and many others.), which remains the current system. Past awards have been given for "excellent personal researches within the fields of astronomy and geophysics" in addition to common contributions to astronomy and geophysics "which may be made by management in research programmes, by way of training and by scientific administration". Air Drive Historical Research Agency. In the meantime, on July 1, 1920, he was commissioned into the Common Military as a captain in the Air Service and returned to the United States in January 1922, for obligation at Mitchel Discipline, New York, the place he commanded the 5th Aero Squadron and later was submit adjutant.

When Common Dwight D. Eisenhower was named Supreme Allied Commander in December 1943, he proposed to make use of his present workforce of subordinate commanders, together with Lieutenant Normal Jimmy Doolittle, in key positions. The award is accompanied by promotion to the grade of Cadet Lieutenant Colonel, the second highest grade in this system. Ira Cassius Kepford (May 29, 1919 - January 19, 1987) was an American flying ace of World Conflict II who served with a land-based unit of the United States Navy. As a result of different squadrons on Essex-class aircraft carriers were flying the Grumman F6F Hellcat, Navy planners feared elements wouldn't be readily out there for common repair and upkeep of the squadron's aircraft. Kepford's first massive day occurred on 11 November 1943 whereas VF-17 was offering CAP for Sherman's carriers. A massed Japanese counterattack was launched in response, and upwards of 110 fighters and bombers had been capable of observe returning strike aircraft back to their carriers. Blackburn's Corsairs patrolled the provider job groups while they launched and recovered aircraft conducting strikes in opposition to Rabaul. Strikes from 28 to 29 January were launched against Tobera Airfield within the Gazelle Peninsula of latest Britain, southeast of Lakunai.

VF-17 was assigned fighter escort responsibility, shepherding single engine bombers to strikes on Lakunai Airfield. To reduce losses to fighters, Eaker was a strong advocate of the Boeing YB-forty Flying Fortress, a B-17 Flying Fortress which carried extra gun turrets and gunners instead of a bomb load and was supposed to act as an extended-vary, "gunship" escort for typical bombers. The flight schedule for the remainder of November carefully mirrors the primary half of the month, consisting largely of CAP and strafing missions punctuated by escort obligation for bombers putting Bougainville. All through the battle, Eaker was an advocate for daylight "precision" bombing of army and industrial targets in German-occupied territory and finally Germany-of striking at the enemy's potential to wage war while minimizing civilian casualties. On 30 January, Kepford led one of 4 VF-17 divisions flying cowl for dive and torpedo bombers placing Simpson Harbor, New Britain. Gallantly urgent home his assaults by intense anti-aircraft fireplace, he destroyed four enemy bombers and broken another out of a formation of thirty. Consequently, only Kepford and Burriss have been ready to see a group of Japanese Zeros at 24,000′ descending on the bomber formation.

Greater than 20 Zeros intercepted the formation and made a couple of passes on the bombers. https://brandonsloth56.edublogs.org/2024/09/16/what-is-a-gold-ira/ waited until a Japanese aircraft broke formation to make a gunnery run on a nearby Corsair. Not like other service groups on the time, the Jolly Rogers have been flying within the newly adopted Vought F4U Corsair. Consequently, instead of serving with the remainder of Air Group 17 aboard USS Bunker Hill, VF-17 was sent to the brand new Georgia the place United States Marine Corps fighter pilots have been already working the Corsair. In November 1940, Eaker was given command of the 20th Pursuit Group at Hamilton Field, California. Kepford was detached and given a post at Naval Air Station San Diego as a provider air group fighter instructor. Then, in December 1942, he assumed command of the Eighth Air Drive. In June 1944, Kepford spoke at a war rally in Illinois whereas his squadron commander, Blackburn, flew above the viewers. He did not approve of the plan to bomb Monte Cassino in February 1944, considering it a dubious military target, however finally signed off the mission and gave in to pressure from ground commanders.